scholarly journals Polymorphisms in SSR-loci associated with E genes in soybean mutant lines offer perspective for breeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
D. Zharikova ◽  
G. Chebotar ◽  
E. Aksyonova ◽  
I. Temchenko ◽  
S. Chebotar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
And Control

Aim. To analyse genetic diversity in 10 new soybean lines created by using the chemical mutagens D-6, DMSSO-11, DMSSO-12, DMSNPIR-11, DUDMS12, D12DMC-11B obtained from four cultivars Femida, Oksana, Podils’ka 416, Zolotysta. The microsatellite (MS) markers Satt100, Satt229, Satt319, Satt354, Satt365, Sat_038 were used. These markers are linked with genes, which determine sensitivity of soybean plants to photoperiod and time to maturation. Methods of DNA extraction, PCR, MS-analysis, fi eld trial, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) have been applied. Results. Parental cultivars, mutant lines and control genotypes were characterized by alleles of microsatellite loci, 25 alleles of 6 microsatellite loci were detected. Signifi cant differences between investigated lines were detected in three year fi eld trials for traits − days to maturation (DTM) and length of the vegetative period (LV). We have revealed effects of the factor «Alleles of MS-locus», so alleles of Satt100 locus affected all traits except DTF (days to fl owering); alleles of Satt319 and Satt354 affected DTM and LV; Sat_038 affected DTF and S-F (duration of the period shoots-fl owering). Lines with alleles 167 bp at Satt100 and 175 bp at Satt319 loci (that marks dominant E7) were shown to have a longer vegetation period and later maturity, than other. The lines with allele 247 bp at Sat_038 fl owered earlier, than lines with a 245 bp allele, and the lines with allele 232 bp at Satt354 reached maturity later, than lines with other alleles at this locus. Conclusions. We have found that applied mutagens induce changes in the soybean genome and by using these mutagens it is possible to effectively increase genetic diversity in loci associated with genes/loci that determine time of maturity and/or photoperiod sensitivity of soybean, enabling to obtain soybean cultivars with different terms of maturity and yield. The microsatellite markers, particularly Sat_038, Satt100, Satt319 and Satt354 that were applied in our study are considered to be useful tools for marker assisted breeding of soybean cultivars with programmed time of development. We did not observe signifi cant effects of «Alleles of MS-locus Satt229» that is known to be linked with E3 on the investigated agronomical traits. For soybean genotypes with the E7 allele the DTF was longer for 3-9 days and LV for 10-11 days. In lines with an allele of 175 bp at locus Satt319 the S-F period was 6-9 days shorter

scholarly journals The Influence of foliar fertilization on different soybean genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Adrian NEGREA ◽  
Raluca REZI ◽  
Teodor RUSU ◽  
Camelia URDĂ ◽  
Vasilena SUCIU
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Soybean is one of the most important leguminous crops due to its high oil and protein content with a significant role in nutrition. Micronutrients for soybean growth and development are very important and foliar fertilization is used to overcome environmental stress and help soybean plants to fill their nutritive needs. The research was carried out in 2020 by the Soybean Breeding Laboratory from the Agricultural Research and Development Station in Turda, Romania. Foliar fertilization had both positive and negative effects for 1000-grain weight and yield however, quality traits do not seem to be influenced by applying supplement of microelements during the vegetation period. The research suggests that genotype is the determining factor in the efficiency of foliar fertilization. In this sense, the present experiment will continue to bring answers regarding the effects of foliar fertilizers on some soybean genotypes.

scholarly journals Response of soybean genotypes to the expression of green seed under temperature and water stresses

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda Pizzolante de Pádua ◽  
Maria Laene Moreira De Carvalho ◽  
José De Barros França-Neto ◽  
Mário César Guerreiro ◽  
Renato Mendes Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Green Seed ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Chlorophyll Retention

Soybeans grown under water stress associated with high temperatures during seed maturation and pre-harvest may produce green seed (GS) with expressive reduction in seed quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response of different soybean cultivars grown under these stressful conditions regarding their susceptibility to GS production and to determine the chlorophyll retention levels and the chlorophyllase activity in the seeds. Seeds of four soybean cultivars [BRS 133, CD 206, MG/BR 46 (Conquista) and BRSMG 251 (Robusta)] were grown under greenhouse conditions until R5.5. At R6, the plants were transferred to phytotrons under temperature stress (from 28ºC to 36ºC) and with water stresses of 10% gravimetric moisture, no water and normal supply. Seeds were harvested at R9 when the percentage of GS and weight of 100 seeds were determined. The contents of a, b and total chlorophylls and the chlorophyllase activity were also determined. The expression of GS production under these conditions varied among cultivars: Conquista and Robusta were considered more susceptible to the production of GS compared to 'BRS 133' and 'CD 206'. These cultivars produced lower GS levels, lower chlorophyll retention and higher chlorophyllase activity compared to Robusta and Conquista. Soybean plants submitted to water and temperature stresses produced high levels of GS, which were small, light and had high chlorophyll contents and low chlorophyllase activity. The contents of a, b and total chlorophylls in GS were inversely proportional to the chlorophyllase activity.

scholarly journals The transferability of microsatellite loci from a homoploid to a polyploid hybrid complex: an example from fine-leaved Festuca species (Poaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9227
Author(s):  
Przemysław P. Tomczyk ◽  
Marcin Kiedrzyński ◽  
Iwona Jedrzejczyk ◽  
Monika Rewers ◽  
Pawel Wasowicz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Population Genetics ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
Ssr Loci

Background Microsatellite loci, or single sequence repeats (SSR), are widely used as powerful markers in population genetics. They represent an attractive tool for studying plants such as grasses, whose evolution is driven by hybridisation and polyploidization. However, the development of microsatellite markers has been challenging and time-consuming, especially for non-model organisms lacking available genome-wide sequence data. One straightforward and low-cost approach is to transfer the SSR loci developed for one species, or complex, to another closely-related one. This work evaluates the transferability of microsatellite loci from homoploid to allopolyploid complexes of fine-leaved Festuca species and to assess their use in two new species. The studied complex (F. amethystina—F. tatrae) is a useful model for research on the local adaptability of grasses with different ploidy levels. Since both species can be considered as rare or threatened (F. tatrae—as a mountain and narrow endemic species and F. amethystina—a mountain species with relict lowland populations), any tool enabling studies on genetic diversity and population genetics, such as SSR markers, could also be very useful in a conservation context. Methods The ploidy level within populations was estimated using flow cytometry. One diploid and one tetraploid population of F. amethystina and a diploid population of F. tatrae were chosen to test the transferability of SSR loci. Because our work describes the transfer of SSR nuclear markers designed originally for F. gautieri, a phylogenetic tree was prepared based on the ITS marker to assess the genetic distance between the studied complexes. The PCR products were separated on a high-resolution agarose gel, intended for SSR marker analysis. Appropriate solutions for the allotetraploid population and whole mixed-ploidy complex were implemented. Results Flow cytometry confirmed earlier data regarding DNA content in the investigated species and cytotypes. The phylogenetic ITS tree indicated a small genetic distance between F. gautieri complexes and the studied species. Ten microsatellite markers were successfully transferred. All markers were polymorphic. In total, 163 different alleles were scored from the 10 SSR loci. PCoA of accessions revealed well-separated groups corresponding to studied populations. Over 60% of the total variance is explained by differentiation within populations and one third among them. Conclusions The transferred markers are valid tools for the study of population genetics and inheritance relationships within cytotypes and species and between them. The presented markers can be used to study inbreeding depression in the Festuca species, and variations in the degrees of genetic diversity between different cytotypes in mountain and lowland areas. Our findings can also be applied to study conservation strategies for ensuring biodiversity at the genetic level in polyploid complexes.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity analysis of soybean genotypes using SSR markers for salinity tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
RM Saiem ◽  
RM Emon ◽  
MS Haque ◽  
NR Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Ssr Loci

Soil salinity is a major constraint to soybean production. Five soybean genotypes were grown in pots with hydroponic culture under control and different salt stressed conditions to observe salt tolerance capacity on the basis of phenotypic screening and measure genetic diversity and relatedness among the genotypes. Minimum effects of salinity on root and shoot length was observed in Binasoyben-3, GC840 and Binasoyben-5at different salt stresses. Root dry weight and shoot dry weight of different soybean genotypes under different salt stresses were depicted. The highest reduction in root weight was noted in Binasoybean-1. The same genotypes were used to assess genetic diversity among them with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 33 alleles were detected among 5 soybean genotypes by using 10SSR markers. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 5, with an average of 3.33 alleles across the 10 loci. Rare alleles were observed at 10 SSR loci with an average of 2.8 alleles per locus. In this experiment, two SSR loci were found to be null alleles. The average values of null allele were 0.2. PIC values ranged from 0.27 in Satt184 to 0.77 in Satt339 with the average value of 0.56.The major allele frequency of the most common allele at each locus ranged from 0.80 in Satt184 to 0.20 in Satt339with a mean frequency of 0.48. The size of the different major alleles at different loci ranged from 173 bp for Satt509 to 407 bp for Satt339. The highest gene diversity (0.80) was observed in loci Satt339 and the lowest gene diversity (0.32) was observed in loci Satt184 with the mean diversity of 0.61. The lowest genetic distance (0.60) was observed in Asset vs Binasoybean-3 and Binasoybean-5 vs Binasoybean-3. The highest genetic distance (1.0) was observed between a numbers of genotype pairs with GC840 vs Asset. The UPGMA cluster analysis led to the grouping of the 5 genotypes into two major clusters. GC840, an advanced line identified to be salt tolerant, together with Binasoybean-5 and Binasoybean-3 clustered in the same sub group. The results from morphological and molecular study suggested that GC840 and Binasoybean-3 are moderately tolerant to salt stress. Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 1-9, 2019

scholarly journals Application of Microsatellite Loci for Molecular Identification of Elite Genotypes, Analysis of Clonality, and Genetic Diversity in Aspen Populus tremula L. (Salicaceae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Politov ◽  
Maryana M. Belokon ◽  
Yuri S. Belokon ◽  
Tatyana A. Polyakova ◽  
Anna V. Shatokhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Test System ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Low Probability

Testing systems for molecular identification of micropropagated elite aspen (Populus tremula L.) genotypes were developed on the base on microsatellite (SSR) loci. Out of 33 tested microsatellite loci, 14 were selected due to sustainable PCR amplification and substantial variability in elite clones of aspen aimed for establishment of fast-rotated forest plantations. All eight tested clones had different multilocus genotypes. Among 114 trees from three reference native stands located near the established plantations, 80 haplotypes were identified while some repeated genotypes were attributed to natural clones which appeared as a result of sprouting. The selected set of SSR markers showed reliable individual identification with low probability of appearance of identical aspen genotypes (a minimum of 4.8·10-10 and 1 × 10−4 for unrelated and related individuals, resp.). Case studies demonstrating practical applications of the test system are described including analysis of clonal structure and levels of genetic diversity in three natural aspen stands growing in the regions where plantations made of elite clones were established.

scholarly journals Search of the new SSR-loci of DNA for development of effective technology for soybean genotyping

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
S.A. Ramazanova ◽  
◽  
V.G. Savichenko ◽  
E.G. Ustarkhanova ◽  
E.D. Loginova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Polymorphism Level

Soybean is the major protein-oil crop of a huge economic importance. Currently, to describe the new cultivars being applied for a patent there are used the modern methods based on an analysis of microsatellite (SSR) loci of DNA. The purposes of this work were a search of the new microsatellite markers to optimize the existing technology of soybean cultivars certification and identification as well as selection of conditions for PCR analysis and to test them on cultivars from the VIR’s collection. Seven microsatellite loci demonstrated the high polymorphism level on soybean cultivars and located in the different chromosomes were chosen in the literary sources and librarian data bases. The optimal temperatures for annealing were selected empirically for all the pairs of SSR-markers. The results of DNA amplification of 20 soybean genotypes showed all seven studied SSR-loci were polyallel. In general, we revealed 22 alleles that on average are 3.1 per a locus. The effective number of alleles Ne for the studied soybean genotypes varied from 1.69 to 2.27 and on average was equal to 2.01. An average meaning of an index of the polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.50. All the investigated soybean samples have the unique sets of alleles by the studied loci. Seven approbated loci can be used in development of an effective technology for identification and certification of the soybean genotypes.

scholarly journals Development And Grain Quality Of Soybean Cultivars Treated With Pyraclostrobin And Biostimulant

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fellipe Goulart Machado ◽  
Carlos César Evangelista Menezes ◽  
Gabriela Wilk Baião Campos ◽  
Hudson Kagueyama Takano ◽  
Rubem Silvério de Oliveira Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soybean Leaf ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
And Control

Products with physiological effects on plants to optimize agricultural production is increasingly used; they can change the development of plants and the chemical characteristics of seeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of soybean cultivars and the protein and oil contents of soybean grains after treatment with pyraclostrobin and biostimulant. The experiment was carried out with soybean crops without irrigation. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, with five replications, using a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement consisting of three cultivars of different maturation times (very early, M6952IPRO; early M7739IPRO; and medium, ST797IPRO), and three treatments with products that cause physiological effects (control, pyraclostrobin, and control + biostimulant). The pod, leaf, and stem dry weights, number of pods, 100-grain weight, grain yield, and oil and protein contents of the soybean plants were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and Tukey’s test at 5% probability. The effects of the products used (pyraclostrobin and biostimulant) vary according to the cultivar and may increase the soybean leaf and pod dry weights, and grain protein contents.

Assessment of the genetic diversity of microsatellite loci of horses of Heavy Draft breeds

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
N. Blohina ◽  
◽  
L. Khrabrova ◽  
A. Zaitcev ◽  
I. Gavrilicheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Loci

scholarly journals Stand out from the Crowd: Small-Scale Genetic Structuring in the Endemic Sicilian Pond Turtle

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Luca Vecchioni ◽  
Federico Marrone ◽  
Marco Arculeo ◽  
Uwe Fritz ◽  
Melita Vamberger
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Geographical Pattern ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Pond Turtle ◽  
Emys Trinacris ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽  
Entire Distribution

The geographical pattern of genetic diversity was investigated in the endemic Sicilian pond turtle Emys trinacris across its entire distribution range, using 16 microsatellite loci. Overall, 245 specimens of E. trinacris were studied, showing high polymorphic microsatellite loci, with allele numbers ranging from 7 to 30. STRUCTURE and GENELAND analyses showed a noteworthy, geographically based structuring of the studied populations in five well-characterized clusters, supported by a moderate degree of genetic diversity (FST values between 0.075 and 0.160). Possible explanations for the genetic fragmentation observed are provided, where both natural and human-mediated habitat fragmentation of the Sicilian wetlands played a major role in this process. Finally, some conservation and management suggestions aimed at preventing the loss of genetic variability of the species are briefly reported, stressing the importance of considering the five detected clusters as independent Management Units.

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