scholarly journals Realization of protective and symbiotic properties of soybeans using fungicide seed treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
T. Mamenko ◽  
S. Kots ◽  
V. Patyka
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Rhizobial Symbiosis ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

Aim. The elaboration of efficient legume-rhizobial symbiosis systems, involving active strains of nodule bacteria, in the combination with fungicide seed treatment may be an alternative method of providing ecologically friendly nitrogen sources to plants and promoting their tolerance to the external factors, which is relevant for preservation and restoration of envi- ronmental quality. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the impact of pre-sowing seed treatment with fungi- cides, which differ in the action spectrum of active substances – Standak Top (fipronil, 250 g/l, thiophanate-methyl, 225 g/l, pyraclostrobin, 25 g/l) and Maxim XL (fludioxonyl, 25 g/l, metalaxyl, 10 g/l), on the intensity of the development of lipid peroxidation processes, the activity of antioxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase and nitrogen fixation activity in soybeans on the early stages of forming legume-rhizobial symbiosis. Methods. Microbiological (cultivation of a bacterial culture, seed inoculation), physiological (vegetative experiment), biochemical (spectrophotometric determination of the content of lipid peroxidation products and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase; measuring the nitrogen-fixation activity using a gas chro- matography). Results. It was found that pre-sowing fungicide treatment of soybean seeds and subsequent inoculation with active rhizobia of strain 634b did not result in the change in the content of TBA-active products in roots and root nodules (the values of indices were within the experiment deviation). At the same time, after seed inoculation using rhizobia and treat- ment with Maxim XL, there was an increase in the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in the roots from 20.3 to 30.8 %, and with Standak Top – from 20.0 to 29.8 % during the early stages of ontogenesis till the formation of the third ternate leaf. Here, the activity of the enzyme in root nodules increased by 24.7–40.3 % at the fungicidal effect. Our data demonstrate that the combination of fungicide seed treatment and inoculation with active rhizobia does not induce lipid peroxidation processes, but promotes the initiation of protective antioxidant properties in soybeans. It is accompanied with efficient functioning of the symbiotic apparatus, which is manifested in the increase in nitrogen-fixing activity of nodule bacteria, formed by active rhizobia of strain 634b after the seed treatment with Standak Top – by 98.3 and 78.1 % and after Maxim XL – by 78.6 and 196.2 % respectively, during the stages of the second and third ternate leaves. Conclusions. The pre-sowing soybean seed treatment with fungicides Standak Top and Maxim XL and the subsequent inoculation with active rhizobia of strain 634b does not induce the development of lipid peroxidation processes, but increases the activity of the antioxidant enzyme, ascor- bate peroxidase, in the roots and root nodules, which is accompanied with the efficient work of the symbiotic apparatus on the early stages of determining legume-rhizobial symbiosis. This method of seed treatment may be a novel measure, to use in the technologies of cultivating soybeans to enhance the realization of the symbiotic potential and meet the needs of plants in ecologically friendly nitrogen, and to promote the formation of their tolerance to the corresponding cultivation conditions.

scholarly journals The reaction of self-fertile alfalfa lines to inoculation with nodule bacteria

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity ◽  
Different Strains

Under the conditions of a model pot experiments, the reaction of the self-fertile lines of alfalfa Kishvardy 46, Kishvardy 27, Vertus and Ziguen to inoculation with nodule bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti AC48 and AC88 was studied. As a result of studies, it was found that the intensity of assimilation of N2 by symbiotic systems created with the participation of various genotypes of alfalfa and active strains of S. meliloti is one of the main factors that affects the vegetative mass yield of this important forage crop. Self-fertile lines of Medicago sativa L. plants, inoculated with different strains of rhizobia were characterized by higher rates of the mass formed on the root nodules, compared to the control plants of the alfalfa variety Yaroslavna. The traditional dynamics of nitrogen-fixation activity of root nodules was maintained in all the symbiotic systems studied by us, with low values in the stems formation stage and intensive growth in the budding and flowering stages. The highest level of nitrogen fixation and vegetative growth of plants (values of plants green and dry mass, roots and root nodules mass) was established by inoculation of alfalfa line Kishvardy 46 with strain S. meliloti AC48. During the growing season the indices of the mass of nodules formed on the roots of these plants were higher by 1.8–2.3 times, the green mass by 1.2–1.6 times and the height of the plants 1.2–1.4 times as compared to the control. In the flowering stages the nitrogen-fixation activity of the symbiotic complex of plants of the Kishvardy line 27 and nodule bacteria S. meliloti AC48 exceeded the values in the symbiotic systems formed with the participation of the same strain and plants of the Ziguen and Vertus lines by 13.0 and 39.4 %. The lowest values of nitrogen fixation activity were observed by inoculation of plants of the Vertus and Ziguen lines with active strains S. meliloti AC48 and AC88 compared to the symbioses formed by the plants of the Kishvardy lines 27 and 46, as well as of the control-variety Yaroslavna with the noted strains. A stimulating effect of inoculation of alfalfa seeds of different genotypes on the growth and development of plants was noted, as evidenced by the positive dynamics of the increase in above-ground mass, the accumulation of dry matter and higher than the control values (indicators) of plant height during the growing season.

scholarly journals The intensity of ethylene release by soybean plants under the influence of fungicides in the early stages of legume-rhizobial symbiosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
T. P. Mamenko ◽  
S. Y. Kots ◽  
Y. O. Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Symbiotic System ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Rhizobial Symbiosis ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Phytohormone Synthesis ◽  
Highly Virulent

The effect of pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with fungicides on the intensity of ethylene release, the processes of nodulation and nitrogen fixation in different symbiotic systems in the early stages of ontogenesis were investigated. The objects of the study were selected symbiotic systems formed with the participation of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Diamond variety, strains Bradyrhizobium japonicum 634b (active, virulent) and 604k (inactive, highly virulent) and fungicides Maxim XL 035 PS (fludioxonil, 25 g/L, metalaxyl, 10 g/L), and Standak Top (fipronil, 250 g/L, thiophanate methyl, 225 g/L, piraclostrobin, 25 g/L). Before sowing, the seeds of soybean were treated with solutions of fungicides, calculated on the basis of one rate of expenditure of the active substance of each preparation indicated by the producer per ton of seed. One part of the seeds treated with fungicides was inoculated with rhizobium culture for 1 h (the titre of bacteria was 107 cells/mL). To conduct the research we used microbiological, physiological, biochemical methods, gas chromatography and spectrophotometry. It is found that, regardless of the effectiveness of soybean rhizobial symbiosis, the highest level of ethylene release by plants was observed in the stages of primordial leaf and first true leaf. This is due to the initial processes of nodulation – the laying of nodule primordia and the active formation of nodules on the roots of soybeans. The results show that with the participation of fungicides in different symbiotic systems, there are characteristic changes in phytohormone synthesis in the primordial leaf stage, when the nodule primordia are planted on the root system of plants. In particular, in the ineffective symbiotic system, the intensity of phytohormone release decreases, while in the effective symbiotic system it increases. At the same time, a decrease in the number of nodules on soybean roots inoculated with an inactive highly virulent rhizobia 604k strain due to the action of fungicides and an increase in their number in variants with co-treatment of fungicides and active virulent strain 634b into the stage of the second true leaf were revealed. It was shown that despite a decrease in the mass of root nodules, there is an increase in their nitrogen-fixing activity in an effective symbiotic system with the participation of fungicides in the stage of the second true leaf. The highest intensity of ethylene release in both symbiotic systems was recorded in the stage of the first true leaf, which decreased in the stage of the second true leaf and was independent of the nature of the action of the active substances of fungicides. The obtained data prove that the action of fungicides changes the synthesis of ethylene by soybean plants, as well as the processes of nodulation and nitrogen fixation, which depend on the efficiency of the formed soybean-rhizobial systems and their ability to realize their symbiotic potential under appropriate growing conditions.

scholarly journals Affect of Rhizotorphin on chlorophyll content and productivity of introduced soybean cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Yulia Vladislavovna Tsvetkova ◽  
Marina Ustimovna Lyashko ◽  
Inna Ivanovna Strazhnikova
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Biological N Fixation ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Soybean Leaves ◽  
Seed Yields

Biotic nitrogen fi is a phenomenon mainly depended on mutualistic interrelation between host plant and root nodule bacteria. This interrelation affects photosynthesis and productivity of biological N-fixation and requires studies of biological particularities of grown legume cultivars and effectiveness of Bradyrhizobium strains used for seed inoculation. A field experiment was conducted on the territory of Nesvizhskaya Crop Testing Station (Minsk region, Republic of Belarus). Based on chlorophyll and nitrogen content in soybean leaves, number of nodules on roots of cultivars grown, and on quantity of nitrogen accumulated in plants, four soybean cultivars were assessed. The cultivar Pripyat (control) has poorly responded on inoculation, whereas cultivars Slavyankа an Sobrini responded well by increase of chlorophyll and nitrogen content in leaves and by larger number of root nodules. As a result, they produced unusually high seed yields. Therefore, these soybean cultivars may be recommended for wide use in regions of Belarus.

P147 Lipid peroxidation processes in newborns born from mothers who consumed alcohol during pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov Rychkova ◽  
Anait Marianian ◽  
Marina Darenskaya ◽  
Lyudmila Grebenkina ◽  
Barbara Bonner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

scholarly journals Effect of alimentary synthetic estrogen on cell compensatory mechanisms in rats of different ages

Biologija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleh Yermishev ◽  
Tatyana Lykholat ◽  
Olena Lykholat
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Neurotransmitter System ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Synthetic Estrogen ◽  
System Components ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Peroxidation Processes ◽  
Cholinergic Neurotransmitter

Results of a study of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system components, and cholinergic neurotransmitter system in the organs of experimental rats of different ages exposed to alimentary synthetic estrogen are presented. Given the state of peroxidation processes and AChE activities in female rats exposed to xenoestrogen, it is possible to assume the possibility of the restructuring of the functioning of mediator and enzyme systems and additional strengthening of pathological symptoms. In the future, such phenomena may trigger the reduction of potential of compensatory mechanisms in compromising the health of the consumers. In puberty, females were more sensitive to nutritional synthetic estrogen than mature animals, thus proving that age is another factor in xenoestrogen exposure. Because of the changes in the rates of reactions to detoxification but not to the metabolism of estrogen received into the organism, particularly with food, with age the animals were less susceptible to the effects of these substances.

scholarly journals Влияние биопрепаратов на рост, развитие и урожайность лопающейся кукурузы

2015 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
С. В. Маслиёв
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Inoculation

Надані результати польових дослідів впливу інокуля-ції насіння біопрепаратами на ріст, розвиток та вро-жайність гібридів розлусної кукурудзи. Встановленаможливість підвищення врожайності та якості про-дукції за рахунок обробки насіння мікробними препара-тами «Діазофіт», «КЛ-9», «Фосфоентерин» + «Діазо-фіт». Наведені дані щодо споживання мінеральних ре-човин та водоспоживання. Рекомендовані норми за-стосування біопрепаратів. Наведено врожайність зер-на розлусної кукурудзи. Зроблений аналіз динаміки відхи-лення в залежності від застосованого препарату. The results of the field experiments of theinfluence of seed inoculation by biologics ongrowth, development and yield of popcorn hybridshave been given. The possibility of yield increaseand product quality by seed treatment withmicrobial preparations as Diazofit, CL-9,Fosfoenteryn + Diazofit has been identified. Thedata on consumption of minerals and water havebeen presented. The rules of the use of biologicshave been recommended. The yield of popcorngrain has been shown. The dynamics of deviationdepending on the used preparation has beenanalyzed.

scholarly journals Lipid peroxidation during chronic inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Irina Sokolovskaya ◽  
Valentina Nechiporenko ◽  
Natalia Gordiyenko ◽  
Olena Pozdnyakova ◽  
Svitlana Volkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Peroxide Oxidation ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Peroxidation Processes ◽  
Energy Processes ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Physiological Systems

To keep needed level of peroxide lipid oxidation is necessary for the normal functioning of physiological systems. It is supported by the balance of anti-and prooxidant systems. The positive influence of lipid peroxidation processes in the organism is manifested by the restoration of the composition and maintenance of the properties of biological membranes, participation in energy processes, cell division, synthesis of biologically active substances. It has been established that the inflammatory process is accompanied by changes in lipid metabolism and the intensity of peroxide oxidation.

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