scholarly journals The Role of PPN1 and PPX1 Polyphosphatases in the Stress-Induced Changes of the Polysaccharide Composition of Cell Wall and Extracellular Matrix of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Voychuk ◽  
◽  
O.M. Gromozova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Polysaccharide Composition ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Protein Glycosylation inAspergillus fumigatusIs Essential for Cell Wall Synthesis and Serves as a Promising Model of Multicellular Eukaryotic Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Posttranslational Modification ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Significant Attention

Glycosylation is a conserved posttranslational modification that is found in all eukaryotes, which helps generate proteins with multiple functions. Our knowledge of glycosylation mainly comes from the investigation of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand mammalian cells. However, during the last decade, glycosylation in the human pathogenic moldAspergillus fumigatushas drawn significant attention. It has been revealed that glycosylation inA. fumigatusis crucial for its growth, cell wall synthesis, and development and that the process is more complicated than that found in the budding yeastS. cerevisiae. The present paper implies that the investigation of glycosylation inA. fumigatusis not only vital for elucidating the mechanism of fungal cell wall synthesis, which will benefit the design of new antifungal therapies, but also helps to understand the role of protein glycosylation in the development of multicellular eukaryotes. This paper describes the advances in functional analysis of protein glycosylation inA. fumigatus.

scholarly journals Role of cell wall in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants resistant to Hg2+.

1988 ◽  
Vol 170 (12) ◽  
pp. 5877-5882 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ono ◽  
H Ohue ◽  
F Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall

The Role of Cell Wall Revealed by the Visualization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Transformation

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 956-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Anh Pham ◽  
Shigeyuki Kawai ◽  
Emi Kono ◽  
Kousaku Murata
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall

scholarly journals Commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Strains Significantly Impact Shiraz Tannin and Polysaccharide Composition with Implications for Wine Colour and Astringency

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren A. Bindon ◽  
Stella Kassara ◽  
Mark Solomon ◽  
Caroline Bartel ◽  
Paul A. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Pectinolytic Activity ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Polysaccharide Composition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wine Matrix

To gain knowledge on the role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains (and their hybrids) on wine sensory properties, 10 commercially available yeast strains were selected on the basis of their widespread usage and/or novel properties and used to produce Shiraz wines. Significant differences were evident post-alcoholic fermentation and after 24 months of ageing with regards to the number of wine compositional variables, in particular the concentration of tannin and polysaccharide. Strain L2323 is known for its pectinolytic activity and yielded the highest concentration of both yeast- and grape-derived polysaccharides. Wines made with the mannoprotein-producing strain Uvaferm HPS (high levels of polysaccharides) did not have elevated concentrations of yeast-derived polysaccharides, despite this observation being made for corresponding model fermentations, suggesting that mannoprotein production or retention might be limited by the wine matrix. Wine tannin concentration showed a high level of variability between strains, with L2323 having the highest, and AWRI1503 the lowest concentration. Sensory analysis of the wines after 24 months ageing revealed significant differences between the yeast strains, but only the attributes opacity (visual colour) and astringency could be predicted by partial least squares regression using the wine compositional data. Notably, the astringency attribute was associated with higher concentrations of both tannin and polysaccharide, contrary to reports in the literature which suggested that polysaccharide exerts a moderating effect on astringency. The results confirm previous reports demonstrating that the choice of yeast strain represents an opportunity to shape wine style outcomes.

The role of high-molecular-weight polyphosphates in activation of glucan transferase Bgl2p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall

2008 ◽  
Vol 420 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Kalebina ◽  
S. N. Egorov ◽  
N. P. Arbatskii ◽  
E. E. Bezsonov ◽  
A. A. Gorkovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
High Molecular Weight

scholarly journals Going with the Flo: The Role of Flo11-Dependent and Independent Interactions in Yeast Mat Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Multicellular Structure ◽  
Vacuolar Protein ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Signaling Components

Strains of the bakers’ yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are able to generate a multicellular structure called a mat on low percentage (0.3%) agar plates are given a selective advantage over strains that cannot exhibit this phenotype. This environment may exhibit some similarities to the rotting fruit on which S. cerevisiae often grows in nature. Mat formation occurs when the cells spread over the plate as they grow, and cells in the center of the biofilm aggregate to form multicellular structures that resemble a floral pattern. This multicellular behavior is dependent on the cell surface flocculin Flo11. This review covers recent information on the structure of Flo11 and how this likely impacts mat formation as well as how variegated expression of Flo11 influences mat formation. Finally, it also discusses several Flo11-independent genetic factors that control mat formation, such as vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) genes, cell wall signaling components, and heat shock proteins.

Plant cell wall signalling and receptor-like kinases

2017 ◽  
Vol 474 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Interior ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Extrinsic Cues ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase ◽  
Plasma Membrane Receptor

Communication between the extracellular matrix and the cell interior is essential for all organisms as intrinsic and extrinsic cues have to be integrated to co-ordinate development, growth, and behaviour. This applies in particular to plants, the growth and shape of which is governed by deposition and remodelling of the cell wall, a rigid, yet dynamic, extracellular network. It is thus generally assumed that cell wall surveillance pathways exist to monitor the state of the wall and, if needed, elicit compensatory responses such as altered expression of cell wall remodelling and biosynthesis genes. Here, I highlight recent advances in the field of cell wall signalling in plants, with emphasis on the role of plasma membrane receptor-like kinase complexes. In addition, possible roles for cell wall-mediated signalling beyond the maintenance of cell wall integrity are discussed.

scholarly journals Genomic Analyses of Anaerobically Induced Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Functional Roles of Rox1 and Other Factors in Mediating the Anoxic Response

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt E. Kwast ◽  
Liang-Chuan Lai ◽  
Nina Menda ◽  
David T. James ◽  
Susanne Aref ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Dna Arrays ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Induced Genes

ABSTRACT DNA arrays were used to investigate the functional role of Rox1 in mediating acclimatization to anaerobic conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Multiple growth conditions for wild-type and rox1 null strains were used to identify open reading frames with a statistically robust response to this repressor. These results were compared to those obtained for a wild-type strain in response to oxygen availability. Transcripts of nearly one-sixth of the genome were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) with respect to oxygen availability, the majority (>65%) being down-regulated under anoxia. Of the anaerobically induced genes, about one-third (106) contain putative Rox1-binding sites in their promoters and were significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated in the rox1 null strains under aerobiosis. Additional promoter searches revealed that nearly one-third of the anaerobically induced genes contain an AR1 site(s) for the Upc2 transcription factor, suggesting that Upc2 and Rox1 regulate the majority of anaerobically induced genes in S. cerevisiae. Functional analyses indicate that a large fraction of the anaerobically induced genes are involved in cell stress (∼1/3), cell wall maintenance (∼1/8), carbohydrate metabolism (∼1/10), and lipid metabolism (∼1/12), with both Rox1 and Upc2 predominating in the regulation of this latter group and Upc2 predominating in cell wall maintenance. Mapping the changes in expression of functional regulons onto metabolic pathways has provided novel insight into the role of Rox1 and other trans-acting factors in mediating the physiological response of S. cerevisiae to anaerobic conditions.

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