scholarly journals Managing Urban Transformations of Refugee Settlements in West Delhi from Camps to Nagars: The Story of Moti Nagar and Kirti Nagar

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-240
Author(s):  
Prerana Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Urban Transformations

Migration has become a common phenomenon in the contemporary world. In the Post World War II period, due to social and political unrest between conflicting and dividing nations, many countries across the globe saw migrations at different scales. The pressure created by the inflow and outflow of a huge population, within a comparatively short span of time, created various urban dynamics that have been reflected in the urban fabric of cities through largescale creation of camps, refugee colonies, workers’ and migrants’ colonies, urban villages and slums, many of which have survived due to good governance or political and urban development management systems. On the other hand, several others have fallen prey to various social distresses and suffered as underdeveloped or undeveloped archaic areas causing hindrance to development and prosperity of adjacent urban areas. The socio-economic condition that developed in New Delhi after the Partition in 1947 saw migration of millions overnight, with the creation of a l arge number of refugee camps in the city. This paper describes the courageous survival of one of these camps at Basai Darapur as well as the ambitious transformation of such camps to the colonies Moti Nagar and Kirti Nagar, over time, with proper management, through urban governance, socio-political aid, urban planning visions and urban design guidelines. The paper also attempts to discuss the possible holistic future of Moti Nagar and Kirti Nagar in coming times through careful urban management, considering opinions of different urban local bodies, real-estate stakeholders and public participations in different phases of urban development aided by the Delhi Masterplan 2021.

scholarly journals Peri-Urban Dynamics in Murcia Region (SE Spain): The Successful Case of the Altorreal Complex

Urban Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Rubén Giménez García ◽  
Ramón García Marín ◽  
José Serrano Martínez ◽  
Manuel Pulido Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Se Spain ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
City Model ◽  
The City

The spatial pattern of the urban development recently experienced by large urban areas is significantly changing the traditional city model based on its compactness. It is generating new forms of urban organization that imply morphological, territorial, social, and functional changes. We analyzed the spatial impact generated by the construction of the Altorreal resort in the Murcia region and its effects on the local population (e.g. number of inhabitants). The results obtained highlight the importance of this resort in terms of space and population compared with other neighborhoods of the city.

scholarly journals Urban Sustainability and Resilience Governance: Review from The Perspective of Climate Change Adaptation And Disaster Risk Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Novi Maulida Ni'mah ◽  
Muhammad Sani Roychansyah ◽  
Bambang Hari Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Policy Formulation

The imperative of ‘making cities resilient and sustainable’ necessitates cities to develop adaptation concepts and practices in response to the uncertainty, rapid change, and complexity of urban areas. A new concept of governance that can answer the challenges of contemporary urban development and ensure long-term sustainable development is required. This study aimed to identify the general framework of adaptive urban governance by review, elaboration, and analysis of documents, in this case, scientific articles that discuss urban governance specifically related to climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR). The results of this study include an overview of governance approaches appearing in the literature on CCA and DRR, which was parsed down to the adaptive and anticipatory approaches. Adaptive governance requires the principle of flexibility applied in the management cycle in policy formulation, while anticipatory governance requires the principle of proactivity with the application of future foresight in policy formulation. The dimension of governance consists of process/mechanism (risk management) and capacity (technical, institutional, financial, and human capacity). Some challenges in building good governance based on an adaptive approach are encouraging community involvement, increasing local government capacities, and building integration between actors, networks, and collaborations.   Abstrak. Dalam menjadikan suatu kota tangguh dan berkelanjutan,  kota diharuskan untuk mengembangkan konsep dan praktik adaptasi dalam menanggapi ketidakpastian, perubahan yang cepat, dan kompleksitas kawasan perkotaan. Diperlukan konsep tata kelola baru yang dapat menjawab tantangan pembangunan perkotaan kontemporer dan memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kerangka umum tata kelola kota adaptif dengan metode review, elaborasi, dan analisis dokumen, dalam hal ini artikel ilmiah yang membahas tentang tata kelola kota secara khusus terkait dengan adaptasi perubahan iklim (CCA) dan pengurangan risiko bencana (PRB). Hasil penelitian ini meliputi gambaran pendekatan tata kelola yang muncul dalam literatur CCA dan PRB, yang diuraikan menjadi pendekatan adaptif dan antisipatif. Tata kelola adaptif membutuhkan prinsip fleksibilitas yang diterapkan dalam siklus pengelolaan dalam perumusan kebijakan, sedangkan tata kelola antisipatif membutuhkan prinsip proaktif dengan penerapan pandangan jauh ke depan dalam perumusan kebijakan. Dimensi tata kelola terdiri dari proses / mekanisme (manajemen risiko) dan kapasitas (teknis, kelembagaan, keuangan, dan kapasitas manusia). Beberapa tantangan dalam membangun tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik berdasarkan pendekatan adaptif adalah mendorong keterlibatan masyarakat, meningkatkan kapasitas pemerintah daerah, dan membangun integrasi antar aktor, jaringan, dan kolaborasi.   Kata kunci: pendekatan tata kelola; tata kelola kota; pembangunan berkelanjutan; ketahanan; kerangka konseptual.

India's urban governance reforms to have uneven impact

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The State ◽  
State System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Reforms

Subject Urban governance. Significance India's future lies with its cities, which are growing rapidly in population and, even more, economic importance. However, urban governance is a much neglected area of the state system with often dire consequences for the provision of infrastructure and facilities. Impacts Urban development holds the greatest potential for (domestic and foreign) infrastructure firms. Politics will impede introduction of market-linked energy tariffs in some urban areas. Middle-class consumers are increasingly willing to pay for quality services.

Managing the rapid Urban Growth for cities in transition countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Binak Beqaj ◽  
Ylber Limani ◽  
Driton Kryeziu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Countries In Transition ◽  
City Structure ◽  
Definition Of

Through political transition, socio-economical trends of cities as urban areas contributed to huge movements of population from rural to urban areas or from small urban areas toward big urban areas, making them bigger, under the rapid growth. Those cities have faced: Overloads with number of citizens, Lack of adequate infrastructure and Creativity deficiency for drafting and implementing urban development vision. Consequently, the question is what qualitative life do cities offer when considering abovementioned suppositions related to rapid urban growth? In general, for cities under rapid development, experts and authorities have not sufficiently succeeded to develop proper methodologies to neutralize chaotically urban development trends for some inner or outer urban areas under the rapid growth, especially from countries in transition. In this context several reasons have been identified. Starting from not properly definition of land ownership and land destination, lack of urban development plans, not harmonized and not approved legislation framework, not established adequate mechanisms for monitoring and implementation of projects, lack of adequate expertise from specific fields, unsustainable transport modes, etc. This paper identifies the possibilities that may lead to the success of urban management for strategic development of rapid growth for urban areas. The approaches for improvement and change should be based on multidisciplinary actions from different organisational levels of society, proactively and in the same time acting on: Analytical aspect Planning aspect Organizational aspect Implementation aspect Furthermore, this concept should be based on multi-sectorial expertise and partnerships between different actors dealing with the complexity of urban development. As main guideline for management of spatial city structure of cities under rapid urban growth, can be considered concept which is based on management of transition from existing to new developed urban areas and inter-relation between inner and outer urban areas. This concept may possibly include the development of new urban areas and renovation of existing ones, establishing transitional networks for implementing urban policies versus urban dynamics. In this way will be encouraged to redefine investments and to strengthen public-private partnership, as basic spatial development concept.

Simplifying impact of urban development on sewer systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1808-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Kleidorfer ◽  
Robert Sitzenfrei ◽  
Wolfgang Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
City Development ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Design Rainfall ◽  
The Impact

Linking urban development and urban drainage models is a more and more popular approach when impacts of pavement of urban areas on sewer system performance are evaluated. As such an approach is a difficult task, this is not a feasible procedure for everyday engineering practice. We propose an alternative method, based on a developed simple near-quadratic relationship, which directly translates change (increase or decrease) of paved area into a change in the return period (RP) of the design rainfall event or design rainfall intensity. This formula is simple to use and compatible with existing design guidelines. A further advantage is that the calculated design RP can also be used to communicate the impact of a change in impervious areas to stakeholders or the public community. The method is developed using a set of 250 virtual and two real-world case studies and hydrodynamic simulations. It is validated on a small catchment for which we compare system performance and redesigned pipe diameters. Of course such a simplification contains different uncertainties. But these uncertainties have to be seen in the context of overall uncertainties when trying to predict city development into the future. Hence it still is a significant advantage compared to today's engineering practice.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the Institutional and Technical Planning Frameworks in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Wapwera ◽  
Nandi D. Dabis ◽  
Gerald T. Maigida
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Technical Planning ◽  
Development And Management

<em>Most planning authorities in developing economies are not effective due to poor urban and regional planning systems making it almost impossible to control urban development and management of urban areas, leading to the haphazard urban development and poor management bringing about disproportionate distribution of resources in terms of basic infrastructure. It is against this backdrop that this paper seeks to examine the effectiveness of the institutional and technical planning frameworks in terms of Urban Development and Management (UDM) in Jos metropolis Nigeriaby identifying the factors that determines the effectiveness of the urban governance and management as well as identify and examining the urban planning system towards ensuring an effective urban controlled development and management in Jos metropolis Nigeria. The research approach adopted is qualitative and quantitative with deductive-inductive reasoning. The strategy used is “mixed method” and the instruments employed were questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, case studies documents reviewed with planning authorities in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria. The quantitative data sets obtained were analysed using Spearman ranks correlation coefficient (rho) and the qualitative data were analysed using thematic and content analysis. Statistically, the results showed that the components of the institutions (UG) and technical (UM) all have very strong statistical correlation. Based on the study results recommendations are proffered to practitioners, academia and policy makers.</em>

scholarly journals Impacts of Governance toward Sustainable Urbanization in a Midsized City: A Case Study of Uyo, Nigeria

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Etido Essien
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Fiscal Management ◽  
Tenure System ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Land Tenure System

Urban studies in Nigeria mostly focus on large cities and metropolitan areas, with minimal attention given to sustainable urban development in midsized cities. In this study, we address this knowledge gap and examine the policies and practices driving urban growth in Uyo, a midsized city in Nigeria. Specifically, we evaluate to what extent the prevailing urban governance culture and practices move the city toward or away from being inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable—central tenets of UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11. This study critically explores the strategic and operational approaches deployed by public stakeholders in pursuit of urban development, housing security, and economic and infrastructure development. We find the lack of continuity in commitment to urban infrastructural development projects and a flawed land tenure system that exacerbates housing insecurity are the two most critical challenges to address in attaining the goals of SDG11 in Uyo. The former calls for better fiscal management and adoption of good governance practices across the administrative hierarchy. The land tenure system can be made equitable and less cumbersome by overhauling the 1999 Land Use Act law of the country. Our findings can inform policies to make midsized cities facing similar challenges more inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.

scholarly journals Using the State Space of a BLV Retail Model to Analyse the Dynamics and Categorise Phase Transitions of Urban Development

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Dearden ◽  
Yi Gong ◽  
Mark Jones ◽  
Alan Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
State Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
Human Habitat

Urban areas are now the dominant human habitat, with more influence than ever on economies, environment and our health. Dynamic urban models are increasingly applied to explore possible future scenarios of urban development to achieve sustainability. However, it is still challenging to use these models for prediction, taking into consideration the complex nature of urban systems, the nonlinear interactions between different parts of the system, and the large quantities of data output from simulations. The aim of this study is to analyse the dynamics of two hypothetical dynamic BLV (Boltzmann–Lotka–Volterra) retail models (two-zone and three-zone). Here, by visualising and analysing the qualitative nature of state space (the space of all possible initial conditions), we propose an alternative way of understanding urban dynamics more fully. This involves examining all possible configurations of an urban system in order to identify the potential development in future. Using this method we are able to identify a supply-demand balancing hyperplane and categorise two causes of phase transition of urban development: (A) change in variable values (e.g., building a new shopping centre) that cause the system to cross a basin boundary, (B) state space change (e.g., construction of a new motorway changes travel costs in the region) causes the containing basin to be modified. We also identify key characteristics of the dynamics such as velocity and how the phase space landscape changes over time. This analysis is then linked with equilibrium-size graphs, which allow insights from state space to be applicable to models with large numbers of zones. More generally this type of analysis can potentially offer insights into the nature of the dynamics in any dynamical-systems-type urban model. This is critical for increasing our understanding and helping stakeholders and policy-makers to plan for future urban changes.

A Short Note for Dr. Murakami’s Review in 1986

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-72
Author(s):  
Itsuki Nakabayashi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Natural Order ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture

Dr. Murakami’s review reconfirms that Japan’s high economic growth following World War II did not realize the construction of urban areas robust against disaster, rather, the destruction caused by repeated natural disasters has triggered the development of disaster management measures. When all major Japanese cities but Kyoto were destroyed in the catastrophic American air raids of 1945, the urban development in Japan has begun. Among the disasters bearing valuable lessons in the need for disaster management was the 1959 Ise-Bay (Ise-Wan) Typhoon, which led to the 1961 Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act laying the groundwork for disaster management measures in Japan. This law obligated the central government and local organizations to take three measures: (1) preparedness against disaster to reduce damage before a disaster strikes; (2) measures against disaster to control the spread of damage and to promote emergency recovery; and (3) preparation of restoration plans transforming damaged urban areas into safer, more comfortable locales by repairing damage, reconstructing residences, and returning daily life to its natural order. Dr. Murakami’s paper shows how difficult it is to remodel already established but dangerous cities into safe ones. The 1964 Niigata Earthquake promoted measures in managing earthquake destruction in urban areas, as did the Tokachi Offshore (Tokachi-Oki) Earthquake of 1968 and the Miyagi Prefecture Offshore (Miyagi-Ken-Oki) Earthquake of 1978, which triggered revision of the Building Standard Law. These developments did not, however, mean that cities had become safe. If the lessons taught by disasters in the 1960s and 70s had actually been implemented in urban development, the tremendous damage precipitated by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Kobe in 1995 might have been reduced. What we should note here is that the efforts toward urban disaster management measures taken during this period have formed a firm base for current urban disaster management measures. Itsuki Nakabayashi Professor, Tokyo Metropolitan University

Problems of Development of Small and Medium Russian Towns

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
V V. Kafidov ◽  
V. N. Filippov ◽  
I. P. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
New Buildings

The presented study addresses the problems of development of small and medium towns in Russia. Aim. The study aims to examine a town as a socio-economic environment where its residents exist and as the fundamental factor for the development of society.Tasks. The authors identify key problems in the development of small and medium Russian towns, which interferes with the historical appearance and has a negative impact on the living environment.Methods. Problems in the development of small and medium towns in Russia are examined using theoretical methods: systematic approach, statistical analysis, social and philosophical analysis.Results. The study identifies the main negative effects of the existing model of development of small and medium Russian towns, such as destruction of their historical and cultural appearance, distortion of the overall architectural motif, increased load on communications, and congestion of the transport infrastructure.Conclusions. At the current stage, efficient development of small and medium towns in Russia is impossible within the framework of the existing infill development. This chaotic process cannot be stopped without a new conceptual approach and changes in the legislative and normative framework of urban development. The only factor that determines the boundaries of the existing approach to urban development is the lack of physical space for new buildings in urban areas. The authors formulate proposals that would help to solve the problems of development of small and medium towns in Russia. 

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