The GHESKIO Centers for Research in Haiti: An Education and Research Model in Action

2018 ◽  
pp. 321-337
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rouzier ◽  
Virginia Young ◽  
Jean William Pape
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
The Family ◽  
Making A Difference ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Model ◽  
Sarcome De Kaposi ◽  
Hiv Aids

GHESKIO (Groupe Haitien d’Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes/The Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections) Centers, founded in 1982, is one of the oldest institutions dedicated to the fight against HIV/AIDS. GHESKIO has 3 main objectives: patient care, training of medical personnel and community leaders, and operational research. GHESKIO efforts are focused on 4 of the most important diseases in Haiti: diarrheal diseases, HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and tuberculosis (TB). The emphasis is on the family because the diseases that the GHESKIO Centers are concerned with are likely to be spread in the family setting. From its inception, GHESKIO Centers have been affiliated with Cornell University Weill Cornell Medical College and the Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population (MOPHP). GHESKIO is an official nongovernmental organization recognized by the Haitian government and working in close collaboration with the Haitian MOPHP, which has provided GHESKIO with facilities at the university hospital and at the National Institute Research Laboratory. GHESKIO is the country’s referral center and the Caribbean-leading institution for treatment and research in HIV/AIDS, STIs, TB, and diarrheal diseases. In the 36 years since its inception, the GHESKIO Centers have continued to evolve and grow despite the challenging sociopolitical and economic conditions of the country. Haiti is the poorest nation in the western hemisphere, with 80% of the population living under the poverty line and 54% in abject poverty.1–3 Haiti has the most significant HIV and TB epidemics outside of Africa. In addition, in the past 6 years, Haiti has weathered 3 of the most devastating natural catastrophes in recent times, including a magnitude 7.0 earthquake in 2010, the largest and deadliest cholera epidemic that same year, and a devastating category-5 hurricane, Matthew, in 2016. The GHESKIO model offers integrated preventive and curative services for HIV, TB, STIs, and diarrheal diseases in 2 campuses located in the north and south of Port-au-Prince. This approach has been expanded to include other notable diseases and services. All services are offered at each site to facilitate access to comprehensive care in a “one-stop shop” approach because the poor often cannot afford to travel to different health facilities for all their families’ needs. In addition to health services for HIV/AIDS, including the provision of antiretroviral therapy, treatment for STIs, TB treatment, psychological care, and reproductive health, support is provided with microcredit opportunities, primary and vocational school scholarships, and community outreach interventions that complete the global health model of GHESKIO. The story of GHESKIO is a model of success despite adversity, addressing significant public health problems and making a difference locally and internationally.

scholarly journals Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV in Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Cortés Alfaro
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Good Coverage ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction adolescents represent a vulnerable group exposed to sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS. It is a stage in which they are subjected to constant changes in physical, mental and social development and risk factors such as ignorance, early sex, drug addiction, social inequality, gender and myths contribute to this exposure. Objective: To delve into the characteristics of adolescents that put them at risk of acquiring an STI-HIV/AIDS. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out where the databases included in the LILACS, EBSCO and HINARI services were consulted, and very good coverage was achieved, both in Cuba, Latin America and the Caribbean, and in the rest of the world. Conclusions: This review article on the risks to which adolescents are subjected to acquiring an STI-HIV/AIDS is put in the hands of all personnel involved in working with adolescents. For the family doctor in particular for being a staff closely linked to the community, allowing them to be in better conditions to detect these behaviors thus contributing to exercise and undertake prevention actions that will allow us to achieve the objectives of our Ministry of Public Health in relation to with this indicator.

scholarly journals A Public Health Model and Framework to Mitigate the Impact of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Due to HIV/AIDS in Cameroon

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dickson Shey Nsagha ◽  
Ngowe Ngowe Marcelin ◽  
Jules Clement Nguedia Assob ◽  
Anna Longdoh Njundah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Orphans And Vulnerable Children ◽  
Public Health Model ◽  
Health Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals La Marginalité Du Genre Dans Les Grandes Agglomérations En Côte d’Ivoire : Le Cas De La Prostitution De Luxe À Abidjan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (32) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
M. Gueu Denis
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hiv Aids

This study aims to understand and explain the phenomenon of luxury prostitution in Abidjan, to propose solutions. The research took place in the municipalities of Cocody and Marcory and were based on 30 participants. This is direct actors, including several prostitutes, their clients and indirect stakeholders such as the populations of these towns, some relatives and acquaintances of prostitutes and some structures’ officials concerned, from which diverse information was collected. Data were collected using a literature review and questionnaires and then analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results certainly indicate that several factors, namely, the crisis of the family unit, lack of employment, bad companions realize the luxury prostitution in Abidjan, but the most prominent is poverty. These factors resulting disastrous consequences, such as sexually transmitted diseases and HIV / AIDS to name a few.

HIV infection in adolescence, Cuba, 2014-2016: an epidemiological approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Alba Cort Alfaro ◽  
Rosaida Ochoa Soto ◽  
Ram Medina ◽  
Mar Latero Abreu ◽  
Geominia Maldonado Cantillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Santiago De Cuba ◽  
Epidemiological Approach ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: HIV/AIDS is currently a serious health problem worldwide. Adolescents constitute a group of vulnerable and exposed risk, given the characteristics of this stage; which include, among others, sexual relations at an early age and without adequate protection. Objective: To characterize the epidemiological behavior of HIV in adolescents (10-19 years) in the 2014-2016 periods. Method: Descriptive, retrospective study of all cases of adolescents diagnosed with HIV in Cuba, during the period January 2014 to December 2016. The variables studied were: age, sex, color of the skin, stage in which it is located, provinces most affected, sources of transmission, location of cases. Information was obtained from the registry of sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS of the National Epidemiology Directorate of the Ministry of Public Health. Results: The behavior of the epidemic in this stage presented a universe of 396 cases diagnosed especially in Ambulatory Care. There was male predominance (62.12%), with low figure in the group of 10 to 14years with 11 cases (2.78%). 97.22% were between 15-19 years old. The 95.45% remained in the condition of asymptomatic and 18 have developed AIDS, for 4.55%. There was a proportion of 95.5% of cases not AIDS for every 4.5% patients. There was 1fallen due to AIDS (0.25%) and the same figure for other causes. Heterosexuality predominated with 209 cases (52.78%); followed by the homobisexual for 46.97%, as the main sources of transmission. The provinces that presented the most cases were Havana and Santiago de Cuba. Conclusions: Most of the diagnosed cases are in Ambulatory Care and come from the main provinces of the country, they are heterosexual men, with the highest number of cases in the late adolescence stage (10-15years). The condition of asymptomatic in its majority can constitute a risk to continue the transmission given the possibility of taking great risks, typical of this stage of the life.

scholarly journals Mapping the Spatial Variability of Sexually Transmitted Infections Across Fiji Health Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Sidloski ◽  
Tayyab Shah ◽  
Elisa Toroca
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Significant Public Health

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a significant public health problem in countries within the South Pacific, including Fiji. If untreated, curable STIs such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis can cause infertility, adverse outcomes in pregnancy, and can increase the risk of contracting HIV in infected individuals. Methods: This research used cartographic software to map and analyze the spatial distribution of selected STIs across health regions in Fiji. Total rates of STIs, as well as the prevalence of gonorrhea and syphilis specifically, were examined for the years of 2007 and 2016 to determine how spatial distribution patterns have changed over this period, and how resources might currently be most effectively mobilized to address this public health issue. Results/Discussion: Our findings suggest that while some specific regions with high prevalence rates for 2007 and 2016 should be targeted for intervention in the short term, lack of data collecting and reporting raises concerns about the accuracy of rate estimations in non-urban areas. Conclusion: Analyzing the spatial distribution of the prevalence of STIs in a given population can better inform the development and implementation of intervention strategies at local scales, thus improving health outcomes for countries and their communities. Overall, consistent and transparent STI data collection and reporting procedures are necessary for effective long-term management and minimization of STI spread in Fiji.

Urinary Tract and Genital Infections including Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayshree Dave ◽  
C. Y. William Tong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Painful Ulcer ◽  
High Level

Urethritis, characterized by inflammation of the urethra in men, is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcus), Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma genitalium. Other causes of non-gonococcal urethritis include ureaplasmas, adenoviruses, and herpes simplex viruses. The presence of urethritis is confirmed by the presence of five or more polymorphs in urethral smear by high-power microscopy. Symptoms can be minor to profound and vary from clear to mucopurulent discharge. Gonococcus is commoner in men who have sex with men (MSM) compared to heterosexuals, and high-risk activities such as chemsex parties increase spread with significant public health consequences. Antibiotic resistance in gonococcus has clinical and public health implications as three cases of extensively drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae with resistance to ceftriaxone (MIC = 0.5 mg/L) and high-level resistance to azithromycin (MIC > 256 mg/L) have been described compromising current treatment recommended by British Association for Sexual Health and HIV Guidelines (BASHH). In England an outbreak of high level azithromycin-resistant gonococcus has also been described by Public Health England (PHE), who alerted clinicians about the need for follow up and test of cure, contact tracing, and treatment failure. C. trachomatis infection can be treated with azithromycin 1g orally as a single dose or with seven days of oral doxycycline. Risk factors for chlamydia include age younger than twenty-five years, multiple sexual partners, and avoidance of barrier methods for contraception. Metronidazole 2g single dose or 400– 500mg twice daily for seven days is recommended for treatment of trichomonas, which can cause a moderate discharge in up to 60% of males. Resistance to azithromycin and doxycycline is common in M. genitalium strains and management of these patients with urethritis requires GUM referral for comprehensive investigation, contact tracing, and public health notification. Molecular methods are used for the diagnosis of these organisms and gonococcal culture is undertaken to obtain antimicrobial susceptibility data from patients with a previous diagnosis by molecular method, in GUM attendees, and their contacts. Herpes simplex infection results in a painful ulcer preceded by a vesicle. The diagnosis can be confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests of a swab taken from the vesicle or ulcer.

Educational activities carried out by nurses, doctors and community health staff of the family health units

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ageu Procópio Almeida de Albuquerque ◽  
Francisco Amorim de Barros ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo ◽  
Augusto Cesar Barreto Neto
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The Family ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Doctors And Nurses ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was assessing educational activities carried out by nurses, doctors and community health staff of the Family Health Units at Recife, Pernambuco (PE) - Brazil, based on the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, the human immunodeficiency virus and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome - STD/HIV/AIDS. This is about a descriptive exploratory study, quantitative nature, in which a questionnaire was gather data with five nurses, four doctors and 20 staff community health. Of the ten top-level professionals, seven had specialization; five nurses, four doctors and 20 ACS reported having participated in training and/or training in STD/HIV/AIDS; most doctors and nurses did not notify the cases of HIV/AIDS; all professionals have developed educational activities, among these the most frequent was the conference. The survey showed the need to implement a program of continuing education on STD/HIV/AIDS, as well as raise awareness among doctors and nurses about the importance of both the identification of cases of HIV/AIDS in the community about the notification. Descriptors: family health; evaluation; std; hiv; aids.RESUMOO objetivo principal desse estudo foi avaliar ações educativas realizadas por enfermeiros, médicos e agentes comunitários de saúde das Unidades de Saúde da Família em Recife, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil, com enfoque na prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, do vírus da imunodeficiência humana e da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida - DST/HIV/AIDS. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório, de natureza quantitativa, no qual um questionário foi utilizado para a coleta de dados com cinco enfermeiras, quatro médicas e 20 agentes comunitários de saúde. Das dez profissionais de nível superior, sete tinham especialização; cinco enfermeiras, quatro médicas e 20 ACS referiram ter participado de capacitação e/ou treinamento em DST/HIV/AIDS; a maioria das médicas e enfermeiras não notifica os casos de HIV/AIDS; todos os profissionais desenvolveram atividades educativas, entre estas a mais freqüente foi a palestra. A pesquisa mostrou a necessidade de implantar um programa de educação continuada em DST/HIV/AIDS, bem como sensibilizar as médicas e enfermeiras para a importância tanto da identificação de casos de HIV/AIDS na comunidade quanto da notificação. Descritores: saúde da família; avaliação; dst; hiv; AIDS.RESUMENEl propósito de este estudio fue evaluar las actividades educativas llevadas a cabo por enfermeros, médicos y personal de salud de la comunidad de las Unidades de Salud de la Familia en Recife, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil, com enfoque de la prevención de enfermedades de transmisión sexual, el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y el síndrome de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida EST/VIH/SIDA. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo exploratório, de naturaleza cuantitativa. Fue utilizado un cuestionario para reunir datos con cinco enfermeras, cuatro médicos y 20 agentes comunitarios de salud. De los diez profesionales , siete tenían especialización; cinco enfermeras, cuatro médicos y 20 agentes comunitários informaron que habían participado en la formación y/o capacitación en ETS/VIH/SIDA; la mayoría de los médicos y las enfermeras no notificar los casos de VIH/SIDA; todos los profesionales desarrollaron actividades educativas, la más frecuente fue la conferencia. La encuesta reveló la necesidad de aplicar un programa de educación continua sobre las EST/VIH/SIDA, así como sensibilizar a los médicos y enfermeras acerca de la importancia de la identificación de los casos de VIH/SIDA en la comunidad, como de su notificación. Descriptores: Salud de la familia; La evaluación; EST; VIH; SIDA.

scholarly journals O enfermeiro na prática do exame citopatológico de colo do útero: relato de experiência

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Maria de Araújo Maia ◽  
Carolliny Faria Jardim ◽  
Claudia Cristina da Silva Moraes ◽  
Diogo Gomes Scotelario ◽  
Gabriel Barreto da Silva Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cervical Smear ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health Model ◽  
Strategic Support

O método principal e mais amplamente utilizado para detecção do câncer de colo do útero é o exame citopatológicoou exame Papanicolaou. Embora o exame tenha sido introduzido no Brasil há décadas, o câncer de colo uterinoé considerado um problema de saúde pública. Vários fatores que podem interferir na prática de realização doexame, como a conduta dos profissionais que realizam a coleta do material. Objetiva-se ressaltar a importância doenfermeiro na coleta adequada do exame citopatológico do colo uterino antes, durante e depois da coleta. O estudotrata-se de um relato de experiência dos graduandos de enfermagem na prática do exame citopatológico. Com baseno acompanhamento de trinta mulheres que compuseram ao estudo, a faixa etária das mesmas estava dentro doconsiderado grupo vulnerável no rastreamento do câncer cervical. Mesmo com o apoio estratégico do modelo deSaúde da Família, sabe-se que existem tabus da mulher relacionados à prática do exame. Diante disso, conseguiuse perceber a importância do acolhimento à mulher antes do exame e a aplicação dos cuidados de enfermagem.Concluí-se que o resultado desse estudo evidenciou a inserção do enfermeiro na contribuição para uma melhorprestação do serviço à saúde da mulher, relacionado à realização do exame citopatológico de forma adequada, naárea da prevenção do câncer do colo de útero.Palavras-chave: Teste de Papanicolaou; Cuidados de enfermagem; Saúde Pública. ABSTRACTThe primary and most widely used method for detecting cervical cancer is Pap smear or Pap smear. Althoughthe test has been introduced in Brazil for decades, cervical cancer is considered a public health problem. Severalfactors that may interfere with the practice of conducting the exam, such as the conduct of professionals whoperform the material collection. It is important to emphasize the importance of the nurse in the adequatecollection of the cytopathological examination of the uterine cervix before, during and after collection. The studyis an experience report of nursing undergraduates in the practice of cytopathological examination. Based on thefollow-up of thirty women who composed the study, their age group was within the considered vulnerable groupin cervical cancer screening. Even with the strategic support of the Family Health model, it is known that thereare women’s taboos related to the practice of the exam. Therefore, it was possible to perceive the importanceof welcoming women before the examination and the application of nursing care. The results of this studyevidenced the insertion of the nurse in the contribution to a better service delivery to women’s health, relatedto the accomplishment of the cytopathological examination in an appropriate way, in the area of cervical cancerprevention.Keywords: Cervical Smear; Nursing Care; Public Health

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS in Migrant People of Dang District of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Karna Bahadur Oli ◽  
Mahendra Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Level ◽  
Sexual Relationship ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Testing Protocol ◽  
The Family ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Migrant People ◽  
Family Planning Methods ◽  
Hiv Aids

Present status of HIV/AIDS among the migrant people of Dang district along with Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) was assessed by blood testing and questionnaire survey. A total of 1102 blood samples from migrants as well as spouse of migrants were tested for HIV using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits as recommended by national HIV testing protocol. The overall HIV prevalence was found to be 0.6% in Dang district during the year 2012 – 2013. Migrants and spouse of migrants were infected in the equal ratio (0.3%). Maximum of the participants were among the age group 18-34 years and most of them had attained lower secondary level education. Maximum (97.3%) respondents had knowledge about the family planning methods and practice of condom use among the married population was also satisfactory. About 16% of the participants had expressed their practice of sexual relationship outside more than once, which signifies vulnerability to HIV infection. Maximum married females were suffered from Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) which may lead to infection such as Syphilis and HIV/AIDS.Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2014, 19(2): 71-75

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document