ARE SKINFOLD MEASUREMENTS OF VALUE IN THE ASSESSMENT OF SUBOPTIMAL NUTRITION IN YOUNG CHILDREN?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-972
Author(s):  
Marie Paulowna Keet ◽  
John Derek Lindsell Hansen ◽  
Arthur Stewart Truswell
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measure ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Protein Calorie Malnutrition ◽  
Early Protein ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Skinfold Measurements ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference ◽  
Height For Age

Weight, height, head circumference, triceps and subcapsular skinfolds, mid upper arm circumference, and mid upper arm muscle circumference values were obtained from well children, children suffering from dehydrating gastroenteritis, and children suffering from severe protein calorie malnutrition to determine if these measurements could be used to assess nutritional status. The results indicate that, in Cape Town, there is a significant correlation between skinfold thickness for age, and weight and height for age, and that skin-fold measurements can be used as an additional, reliable, objective measure of suboptimal nutrition and early protein calorie malnutrition in group surveys, particularly where the exact ages of children are not known.

scholarly journals ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF CHILDREN WITH CYANOTIC AND NONCYANOTIC CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mahrus Rahman ◽  
I Ketut Alit Utamayasa ◽  
Taufiq Hidayat ◽  
Roedi Irawan ◽  
Rina Elizabeth
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Impaired nutritional status is a frequent complication of congenital heart disease (CHD). Non cyanotic congenital heart disease (NC-CHD) have problem with lung overfl ow and heart failure. Consequences of Cyanotic congenital heart disease (C-CHD) are decrease pulmonary blood fl ow and prolong hypoxia. These conditions can have eff ect on nutritional status and outcome of surgery. This study aimed to compare anthropometric profi les of children with C-CHD and NC-CHD. Cross-sectional study conducted in 66 children, age 3 months until 5 years old who met inclusion criteria in Pediatric Cardiology Outpatient Unit Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in November 2012. A total of 66 children, consisted of 26 children with C-CHD and 40 children NC-CHD included in study. We measure weight, length/height, head circumference, upper arm circumference, and skin fold thickness. We used Chi Square test for statistical analysis with Confi dence Interval 95%. Mean age of both groups was 27.82 ± 16.63 months. Majority of NC-CHD was Ventricular Septal Defect (28.6%) and C-CHD was Tetralogy of Fallot (21.4%). There were no signifi cant diff erence from weight for age, length for age weight for length, head circumference for age, mid upper arm circumference for age, mid upper arm circumference for age, and skin fold thickness for age between children with C-CHD and NC-CHD (p= 0.80; 0.98;0.54 0.29; 0.80; 0.53 respectively). There were no diff erence in anthropometric profi les among children with cyanotic congenital heart disease and non-cyanotic congenital heart disease in this study.

scholarly journals The use of mid upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness to assess underweight and obesity among cardiac patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Ranil Jayawardena ◽  
Pavani Punchihewa ◽  
Sathya Chinthanie ◽  
Niroshan Lokunarangoda ◽  
Anidu Keerthi Pathirana
Keyword(s):  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

scholarly journals Relationships between excessive gestational weight gain and energy and macronutrient intake in pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052093380
Author(s):  
Cosmin Rugină ◽  
Cristina Oana Mărginean ◽  
Lorena Elena Meliţ ◽  
Dana Valentina Giga ◽  
Viviana Modi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Objective This study aimed to compare energy and macronutrient intake, birth weight, and anthropometric parameters (mid-upper arm circumference or tricipital skin-fold thickness) between women who had adequate and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) during pregnancy. Methods We studied 115 pregnant women and divided them according to GWG into two groups: adequate GWG (n = 49) and excessive GWG (n = 66). We assessed the medical history, clinical examinations, and dietary habits through a detailed 7-day dietary recall using myfitnesspal software. Results Weight, body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, and tricipital skin-fold thickness were significantly higher at the time of delivery in women with excessive GWG compared with those with adequate GWG. A lipid-based diet was a risk factor for excessive GWG (relative risk: 1.488, 95% confidence interval: 1.112–1.991), whereas a protein-based diet was a protective factor (relative risk: 0.6723, 95% confidence interval: 0.4431–1.020). We found no significant relationship between a carbohydrate-based diet and GWG. The total energy intake was significantly higher in the excessive GWG group than in the adequate GWG group. Conclusions Mainly a lipid-based diet in pregnant women might represent a risk factor for excessive GWG. However, a protein-based diet is a protective factor for excessive GWG.

scholarly journals Anthropometry and body composition of south Indian babies at birth

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 896-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Muthayya ◽  
P Dwarkanath ◽  
T Thomas ◽  
M Vaz ◽  
A Mhaskar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the consequences on body composition of increasing birth weight in Indian babies in relation to reported values in Western babies, and to assess the relationship between maternal and neonatal anthropometry and body composition.DesignProspective observational study.SettingBangalore City, India.SubjectsA total of 712 women were recruited at 12.5±3.1 weeks of gestation (mean±standard deviation, SD) and followed up until delivery; 14.5% were lost to follow-up. Maternal body weight, height, mid upper-arm circumference and skinfold thicknesses were measured at recruitment. Weight and body composition of the baby (skinfold thicknesses, mid upper-arm circumference, derived arm fat index and arm muscle index; AFI and AMI, respectively) were measured at birth in hospital.ResultsThe mean±SD birth weight of all newborns was 2.80±0.44 kg. Birth weight was significantly related to the triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness of the baby. In a small number of babies with large birth weight for gestational age, there was a relatively higher normalised AFI relative to AMI than for babies with lower or appropriate birth weight for gestational age. Maternal height and fat-free mass were significantly associated with the baby's length at birth.ConclusionsSkinfold thicknesses in Indian babies were similar to those reported in a Western population with comparable birth weights, and the relationship of AFI to birth weight appeared to be steeper in Indian babies. Thus, measures to increase birth weight in Indian babies should take into account possible adverse consequences on body composition. There were no significant relationships between maternal anthropometry and body composition at birth on multivariate analysis, except for sum of the baby's skinfold thicknesses and maternal fat-free mass (P<0.02).

scholarly journals OUTCOME AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE PATIENTS USING ANTHROPOMETRY AND SUBJECTIVE GLOBAL ASSESSMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo NUNES ◽  
Carla Adriana SANTOS ◽  
Rita BAROSA ◽  
Cristina FONSECA ◽  
Ana Teresa BARATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Subjective Global Assessment ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Protein Calorie Malnutrition ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Protein-calorie malnutrition is common in chronic liver disease (CLD) but adequate clinical tools for nutritional assessment are not defined. OBJECTIVE: In CLD patients, it was aimed: 1. Characterize protein-calorie malnutrition; 2. Compare several clinical, anthropometric and functional tools; 3. Study the association malnutrition/CLD severity and malnutrition/outcome. METHODS: Observational, prospective study. Consecutive CLD ambulatory/hospitalised patients were recruited from 01-03-2012 to 31-08-2012, studied according with age, gender, etiology, alcohol consumption and CLD severity defined by Child-Turcotte-Pugh. Nutritional assessment used subjective global assessment, anthropometry, namely body-mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold, mid upper arm circumference, mid arm muscular circumference and handgrip strength. Patients were followed during two years and survival data was recorded. RESULTS: A total of 130 CLD patients (80 men), aged 22-89 years (mean 60 years) were included. Most suffered from alcoholic cirrhosis (45%). Hospitalised patients presented more severe disease ( P <0.001) and worst nutritional status defined by BMI ( P =0.002), mid upper arm circumference ( P <0.001), mid arm muscular circumference ( P <0.001), triceps skinfold ( P =0.07) and subjective global assessment ( P <0.001). A third presented deficient/low handgrip strength. Alcohol consumption ( P =0.03) and malnutrition detected by BMI ( P =0.03), mid upper arm circumference ( P =0.001), triceps skinfold ( P =0.06), mid arm muscular circumference ( P =0.02) and subjective global assessment ( P <0.001) were associated with CLD severity. From 25 patients deceased during follow-up, 17 patients were severely malnourished according with triceps skinfold. Malnutrition defined by triceps skinfold predicted mortality ( P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Protein-calorie malnutrition is common in CLD patients and alcohol plays an important role. Triceps skinfold is the most efficient anthropometric parameter and is associated with mortality. Nutritional assessment should be considered mandatory in the routine care of CLD patients.

scholarly journals Mid Upper Arm Circumference in Pregnant Women and Birth Weight in Newborns as Substitute for Skinfold Thickness: Findings from the MAASTHI Cohort Study, India.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giridhara R. Babu ◽  
Aritra Das ◽  
Eunice Lobo ◽  
Deepa R. ◽  
Daisy A. John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Abstract Background: Estimating fat deposition in public hospitals using gold-standard measurements such as high-resolution imaging is unaffordable and it is challenging to use skinfold thickness. We aimed to identify the appropriate substitute marker for skinfold thickness to estimate fat deposition in pregnant women and infants.Methods: The study is part of a prospective cohort study titled, MAASTHI in Bengaluru, from 2016-19. Anthropometric measurements such as body weight, head circumference, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), and skinfold thickness were measured in pregnant women between 14 to 36 weeks of gestational age; while measurements such as birth weight, head, chest, waist, hip, mid upper arm circumference, and skinfold thickness were recorded for newborns. We calculated Kappa statistics to assess agreement between these anthropometric markers with skinfold thickness. Results: We found the highest amount of agreement between total skinfold thickness and MUAC (Kappa statistic, 0.42; 95% CI 0.38-0.46) in pregnant women. For newborns, the highest agreement with total skinfold thickness was with birth weight (0.57; 95% CI 0.52-0.60). Our results indicate that MUAC higher than 29.2 cm can serve as a suitable alternative to total skinfolds-based assessments for obesity screening in pregnancy in public facilities. Similarly, a birth weight cut-off of 3.45 kg can be considered for classifying obesity among the newborns. Conclusions: Mid upper arm circumference and birth weight can be used as markers of skinfold thickness, reflecting fat deposition in pregnant women and the infant, respectively. These two anthropometric measurements could substitute for skinfold thickness in low- and middle-income urban India settings.

scholarly journals Child-Sensitive WASH Composite Score and the Nutritional Status in Cambodian Children

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Manzoni ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Chea Samnang ◽  
Rathmony Hong ◽  
Frank T. Wieringa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference ◽  
Height For Age

Progress in health has occurred in the past decades in Cambodia, in terms of health service access and interventions, but several indicators, including the prevalence of malnourished children, remain alarming. The causes of undernutrition are often linked to inadequate access to water, sanitation and hygiene services but limited evidence exists on the direct association between poor WASH practices and children’s’ nutritional statuses. This study investigates the relationship between water, sanitation and hygiene practices, defined as the child-sensitive composite score, and the nutritional status of children under five years old, measured as the weight-for-height z-score, mid-upper arm circumference or height-for-age z-score in six districts of Cambodia. The analysis used data from a longitudinal study, comprising extensive data collection on anthropometry, health, nutrition, WASH, and cognitive development. Chronological trends in wasting and stunting were described cross-sectionally, whereas the effect of WASH practices on the nutritional status of children over up to three consecutive study visits was examined with a linear mixed-effects model. The prevalence of wasting decreased during the study while stunting prevalence increased. A small, but significant, association was found between the WASH child-sensitive composite scores and the wasting child anthropometry indicators: weight-for-height z-score or mid-upper arm circumference. Evidence for an association with height-for-age z-score, detecting stunted children, was found when the independent variable was quantified according to global, but not national, guidelines. This study reinforces discordant existing evidence towards a direct association between WASH practices and children’s nutritional status, suggesting the need to align nutrition and WASH programmes.

scholarly journals Mid-upper arm circumference in pregnant women and birth weight in newborns as substitute for skinfold thickness: findings from the MAASTHI cohort study, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giridhara R. Babu ◽  
Aritra Das ◽  
Eunice Lobo ◽  
Deepa R ◽  
Daisy A. John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

Abstract Background Estimating total body fat in public hospitals using gold-standard measurements such as air displacement plethysmography (ADP), deuterium oxide dilution, or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is unaffordable, and it is challenging to use skinfold thickness. We aimed to identify the appropriate substitute marker for skinfold thickness to estimate total body fat in pregnant women and infants. Methods The study is part of a prospective cohort study titled MAASTHI in Bengaluru, from 2016 to 19. Anthropometric measurements such as body weight, head circumference, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and skinfold thickness were measured in pregnant women between 14 and 36 weeks of gestational age; while measurements such as birth weight, head, chest, waist, hip, mid-upper arm circumference, and skinfold thickness were recorded for newborns. We calculated Kappa statistics to assess agreement between these anthropometric markers with skinfold thickness. Results We found the highest amount of agreement between total skinfold thickness and MUAC (Kappa statistic, 0.42; 95 % CI 0.38–0.46) in pregnant women. For newborns, the highest agreement with total skinfold thickness was with birth weight (0.57; 95 % CI 0.52–0.60). Our results indicate that MUAC higher than 29.2 cm can serve as a suitable alternative to total skinfolds-based assessments for obesity screening in pregnancy in public facilities. Similarly, a birth weight cut-off of 3.45 kg can be considered for classifying obesity among newborns. Conclusion Mid-upper arm circumference and birth weight can be used as markers of skinfold thickness, reflecting total body fat in pregnant women and the infant, respectively. These two anthropometric measurements could substitute for skinfold thickness in low- and middle-income urban India settings.

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