Prevention and Treatment of Neonatal Herpes

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 806-808
Author(s):  
Philip A. Brunell
Keyword(s):  
Genital Herpes ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Neonatal Herpes ◽  
Herpes Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

It is estimated that the number of cases of genital herpes infection in the United States can be numbered in the millions. Genital herpes infections are sexually transmitted; consequently, affected women are mainly in the child-bearing age group. Herpes infection is a problem to the pediatrician as it affects the sexually active adolescent and also the newborn infant. Recommendations for the management of the pregnant woman with genital herpes infection to minimize the risk to the newborn infant have been published recently.1 The plan calls for avoidance of vaginal delivery in women who are identified as having genital herpes infection.

scholarly journals 1544. Sexually Transmitted Infection Laboratory Testing and Education Trends Among Physician Office Visits in the United States, 2009-2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S771-S771
Author(s):  
Amina R Zeidan ◽  
Kelly R Reveles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The South ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sti Prevention ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sti Testing

Abstract Background Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been rising in the United States (US). Physician offices play an important role in providing both STI prevention and education, as well as STI laboratory testing options for patients who present at risk. However, few studies have documented the extent to which physician’s offices have contributed to prevention and testing efforts. We address this gap by evaluating STI testing and education provided in US physician offices from 2009 to 2016. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) from 2009 to 2016. Data weights were applied to extrapolate sample data to national estimates. Testing for HIV, HPV, Chlamydia (2009 – 2016) and Hepatitis and Gonorrhea (2014 – 2016) were presented as testing visits per 1,000 total visits. Subgroup analyses were performed for age group, sex, and geographical region by individual STI test and receipt of STI prevention education. Results A total of 7.6 billion visits were included for analysis, of which 0.6% included an STI test. Testing rates increased over the study period for Chlamydia (R2=0.27), HPV (R2=0.28), and HIV (R2=0.51). Peak testing occurred in 2015 for all tests. STI prevention education was provided to 0.5% of patients. Females were tested at a higher rate for all STIs (4.2%) compared to males (0.4%). Females also received more STI prevention education overall (0.6% versus 0.4%, respectively). While the age group 25 – 24 accounted for highest Hepatitis (15.9%) and HPV (11.3%) testing rates, the 15 – 24 age group had the highest overall testing rate (9.4%). STI testing was highest in the South region (Figure 1). Conclusion STI testing in US physician offices increased in recent years. Females accounted for the majority of STI testing and STI prevention education. Testing was more frequent among patients 15 – 24 years old and those seen in the South region. Further research should be conducted to determine reasons for differences in testing and education amongst sex, age group, and geographic region. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Clinical Preventive Services for Adolescents: Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 351-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail English ◽  
Carol A. Ford ◽  
John S. Santelli
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Preventive Services ◽  
Simplex Virus

Over the past several years, new vaccines have become available to prevent serious illnesses and conditions in the adolescent population. Several have already been approved by the FDA for use in this age group; others are still in development. Recently, significant public attention has been focused on the availability of vaccines for several strains of HPV, to prevent both cervical cancer and genital warts. Prior to that, the vaccine for Hepatitis B was approved and recommended for the adolescent age group. Others currently available and recommended include vaccines for pertussis, meningitis, and influenza. In the future, additional vaccines are expected to become available for sexually transmitted and communicable diseases such as herpes simplex virus and HIV. Unfortunately, financial limitations and consent requirements can impede adolescents’ access to the vaccines that are recommended for their age group. However, a variety of policy options exist for overcoming the barriers and expanding access. These policy options are grounded both in international principles of human rights and in the existing framework of laws in the United States, and can be enhanced by attending to variations in age and developmental status among adolescents.

The 2016 European guideline on the management of epididymo-orchitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 744-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma J Street ◽  
Edwin D Justice ◽  
Zsolt Kopa ◽  
Mags D Portman ◽  
Jonathan D Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Active ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
International Union ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Testicular Infarction ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics ◽  
Selection Of

Epididymo-orchitis is a commonly encountered condition with a reported incidence of 2.45 cases per 1000 men in the United Kingdom. This 2016 International Union against Sexually Transmitted Infections guideline provides up-to-date advice on the management of this condition. It describes the aetiology, clinical features and potential complications, as well as presenting diagnostic considerations and clear recommendations for management and follow-up. Early diagnosis and management are essential, as serious complications can include abscess formation, testicular infarction and infertility. Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that selection of fluoroquinolone antibiotics with anti-Chlamydial activity is more appropriate in the management of sexually active men in the over 35 years age group.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Vigil
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Gonococcal Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Effective Diagnosis ◽  
Active Patients

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are common in HIV-infected patients. Education and counseling on changes in sexual behaviors of patients with STDs and their sexual partners, identification of asymptomatic infection, and effective diagnosis and treatment are the cornerstone for prevention. HIV-infected patients with syphilis should have a detailed neurologic examination. Penicillin is the treatment of choice for syphilis. Gonococcal infection is an important cause of urethritis, cervicitis, pharyngitis, and proctitis in HIV-infected sexually active patients. Dual therapy for gonorrhea and chlamydia is recommended. Most Chlamydia trachomatis infections are asymptomatic and thus detected only by routine, periodic screening. Human papillomavirus is the most common STD in the United States.

Condom Availability for Youth: A High-risk Alternative

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-286
Author(s):  
WILLIAM F. COLLITON
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Title X ◽  
The Public ◽  
Condom Availability

The Committee on Adolescence might possibly have missed some of the data on teenage pregnancy and the alarming epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases occurring in that age group. Their report, "Condom Availability for Youth," could not be more incorrect. It is good to remember that 25 years have passed since the United States Congress adopted legislation establishing Title X of the Public Health Services Act. This act was to provide funding for sex education based on contraception as a solution to the teenage pregnancy problem.

scholarly journals 963. Extragenital Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Females Visiting an STD Clinic

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S29-S30
Author(s):  
Michaela Maynard ◽  
Hector R Nunez ◽  
Jun Tao ◽  
Madeline Montgomery ◽  
Alexi Almonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Std Screening

Abstract Background Rates of chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (GC) are increasing in the United States. Annual screening for urogenital infection is recommended for sexually active females less than 25 years and older females at risk. CT and GC can be detected at pharyngeal and rectal sites and are commonly asymptomatic. Currently, extragenital screening is only recommended in men who have sex with men (MSM). Data among females on extragenital CT and GC are limited. Methods We reviewed all females presenting to a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic in Providence, Rhode Island from May 2014 to December 2018. During this time, urogenital, pharyngeal, and rectal screenings were offered to all females presenting for care. We evaluated demographics, behaviors, and laboratory data on urogenital, pharyngeal and rectal CT/GC. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed to determine the characteristics of demographic and behavioral variables associated with extragenital infection. Results During the study period, 2,672 females presented for STD screening. Median age was 26 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 33–22). Most patients (95%) reported engaging in sex with male partners. More than half (59%) had at least one extragenital (pharyngeal or rectal) test performed (77% pharyngeal only, 0.4% rectal only, 23% both). During the study period, there were 334 CT and 66 GC infections identified across all three anatomical sites. Of individuals with a positive CT result (N = 273), 85% (N = 233) had a positive urogenital, 19% (N = 53) a positive pharyngeal, and 18% (N = 48) a positive rectal specimen. Of individuals with a positive GC result (N = 50), 62% (N = 31) had a positive urogenital, 54% (N = 27) a positive pharyngeal, and 16% (N = 8) a positive rectal specimen. Among individuals with a positive CT or GC result, (N = 315), 17% (N = 55) had an extragenital infection in the absence of a positive urogenital result. No single risk factor was statistically associated with an extragenital CT or GC infection. Most individuals (82%) were asymptomatic at presentation. Conclusion In an STD clinic setting, a significant number of pharyngeal and rectal CT/GC infections may be missed in the absence of extragenital screening. Settings which engage at-risk females should consider implementation of routine CT/GC extragenital screening. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

scholarly journals International Students’ Online Health Information Seeking Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. xx-xx
Author(s):  
Yue Dong ◽  
Paul Branscum ◽  
Haijuan Gao
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Health Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Seeking Behavior

Sexual health is crucial to the overall health and wellbeing of international students; however, few studies about them have evaluated their health literacy and knowledge about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) prevention. This study investigated Chinese International Students’ (CIS) health literacy about STIs, focusing on their use of information online. A culturally-tailored 12-item STIs prevention survey was developed for this study, and an internet search was conducted by eight CIS. Overall, participants found correct information for the STI items in 51% of the cases (n=96). A Wilcoxon test suggested that CISs who were sexually active had lower health literacy skills than those who were not (p=0.02), and there were no significant associations between health literacy levels, acculturation, and length of stay in the United States. While limited in scope, the result from this study suggests the need for further research as well as need for education in health literacy in order to counter threats to wellbeing among sexually-active CISs.    

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