FACTORS IN CHILDHOOD AS PREDICTORS OF ASTHMA IN ADULT LIFE

ABSTRACTBackground:Death wishes are not uncommon in older persons, and to date, several risk factors have been identified. The presence of these risk factors is insufficient to fully understand why some older people, who are exposed to them, develop a wish to die and why others do not. The purpose of the study was to explore whether Purpose in Life as well as other life attitudes are associated with a death wish in older males and females.Methods:The sample comprised 113 older inpatients (from a psychiatric and somatic ward) with a mean age of 74 years. Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed by the SCID-II. Logistic regression analyses estimated the unique contribution of (the interaction between) life attitudes and gender to the wish to die, controlling for sociodemographic variables, depressive disorder, and somatic symptoms.Results:We observed a statistically significant relationship between life attitudes and the wish to die. Purpose in Life and the Purpose in Life*Gender interaction explained significant additional variance in the prediction of the wish to die. Purposelessness in life might therefore be an important correlate of a wish to die, especially in older men, independently from sociodemographic and clinical features.Conclusions:In assessing a wish to die in older adults, life attitudes need to be taken into account, besides the presence of a depressive disorder and/or somatic health. More specifically, finding or maintaining a purpose in later life might be an important feature in the prevention of the wish to die, especially in male persons.

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Childhoood Origins of Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Adulthood

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/026010609300900207 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Stephen C. Cunnane

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Adult Life ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Premature Death ◽

Coronary Perfusion ◽

Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Research over the past 40 years clearly points to childhood as a critical period when dietary and lifestyle patterns are initiated which have longterm implications for coronary heart disease risk in adult life. Smoking, high habitual dietary intake of total fat and saturated fat, low exercise level, and excessive alcohol consumption often occur in family aggregates. They are correlated with elevated serum cholesterol, obesity, and hypertension in children, as well as with a predisposition to premature death from coronary heart disease. Intervention studies in children and adolescents show, however, that these lifestyle-risk factors are controllable through education and dietary counselling of the affected individual and their family. Equally important are the emerging data in adults showing that vigorous longterm intervention involving reduction of dietary fat and work-related stress, increased exercise, and elimination of smoking all contribute to a significant improvement in coronary perfusion. Hence, effective dietary and lifestyle management of coronary heart disease can occur at early or later stages of the disease and needs better support from health authorities at the national and international level.

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The protective role of trait anxiety: a longitudinal cohort study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291705006847 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 345-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

W. E. LEE ◽

M. E. J. WADSWORTH ◽

M. HOTOPF

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Adult Life ◽

Later Life ◽

Population Based ◽

Protective Role ◽

Medical Intervention ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Fatal Accidents

Background. Most research has indicated that neuroticism (or trait anxiety) is associated with only negative outcomes. Such a common, heritable and variable trait is expected to have beneficial as well as detrimental effects. We tested the hypothesis that trait anxiety in childhood reduces the risk of dying from accidental causes in early adult life.Method. A longitudinal, population-based, birth cohort study of 4070 men and women born in the UK in 1946. Trait anxiety as judged by teachers when the participants were 13 and 15 years old, and the neuroticism scale of a Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) when the participants were 16 years old. Outcomes were deaths, deaths from accidents, non-fatal accidents, and non-fatal accidents requiring medical intervention.Results. Adolescents with low trait anxiety had higher rates of accident mortality to age 25 [low anxiety at 13, hazard ratio (HR) 5·9, low anxiety at 15, HR 1·8]. Low trait anxiety in adolescence was associated with decreased non-accidental mortality after age 25 (low anxiety at 13, HR 0; low anxiety at 15, HR 0·7; low neuroticism at 16, HR 0·7).Conclusions. High trait anxiety measured in adolescence is associated with reduced accidents and accidental death in early adulthood but higher rates of non-accidental mortality in later life.

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GENDER DIFFERENCES OF DEPRESSION TRAJECTORIES AND RISK FACTORS IN LATER LIFE

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igx004.4550 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 1252-1252

Author(s):

J. Lee ◽

S. Jang ◽

S. Cho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Later Life

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Do maternal intrauterine environmental influences that lower offspring birthweight causally increase offspring cardiometabolic risk factors in later life? A Mendelian randomization study of 45,849 genotyped parent offspring pairs in the HUNT study

10.1101/2020.05.04.20091173 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gunn-Helen Moen ◽

Ben Brumpton ◽

Cristen Willer ◽

Bjørn Olav Åsvold ◽

Kåre Birkeland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Later Life ◽

Early Years ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Causal Effects ◽

Cardiometabolic Disease ◽

Intrauterine Environment ◽

Hunt Study

AbstractIntroductionThere is a robust and well-documented observational relationship between lower birthweight and higher risk of cardiometabolic disease in later life. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis posits that adverse environmental factors in utero or in the early years of life result in increased future risk of cardiometabolic disease. Our aim was to investigate whether there was evidence for causal effects of the intrauterine environment, as proxied by maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that influence offspring birthweight independent of offspring genotype, on offspring cardiometabolic risk factors such as blood pressure, non-fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), and lipid levels.MethodsWe investigated whether a genetic risk score of maternal SNPs associated with offspring birthweight was also associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors, after controlling for offspring genotypes at the same loci, in up to 26,057 mother-offspring pairs from the Nord-Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study. We also conducted similar analyses in 19,792 father-offspring pairs from the same study to investigate whether there was evidence that any such causal effects operated through the postnatal, rather than the intrauterine environment. To take account of the considerable cryptic relatedness in HUNT, we implemented a computationally efficient genetic linear mixed model using the OpenMx software package to perform our analyses.ResultsWe found little evidence for a maternal genetic effect of birthweight associated variants on offspring cardiometabolic risk factors after adjusting for offspring genotypes at the same loci. Likewise, we found little evidence for paternal genetic effects on offspring cardiometabolic risk factors performing similar analyses in father-offspring pairs. In contrast, offspring genetic risk scores of birthweight associated variants were strongly related to many cardiometabolic risk factors, even after conditioning on maternal genotypes at the same loci.ConclusionOur results suggest that the maternal intrauterine environment, as proxied by maternal SNPs that influence offspring birthweight, is unlikely to be a major determinant of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in population based samples of individuals. In contrast, genetic pleiotropy appears to explain some of the observational relationship between offspring birthweight and future cardiometabolic risk.

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Identification of Coronary Risk Factors Among Urban and Rural Malaysian Youths and Their Possible Underlying Causes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-514827/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Noor Shafina Mohd Nor ◽

Yung-An Chua ◽

Suraya Abdul Razak ◽

Zaliha Ismail ◽

Hapizah Mohd Nawawi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Later Life ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Coronary Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Risk ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early identification of the coronary risk factors (CRF) among youths assists in determining the high-risk group to develop CAD in later life. In view of the modernised lifestyle, both urban and rural residing youths are thought to be equally exposed to various CRF. This study aimed to describe the common CRF including obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, smoking and family history of premature CAD in Malaysian youths residing in urban and rural areas. Methods: We recruited 942 Malaysian subjects aged 15–24 years old [(males=257, and urban=555 vs rural=387, (mean age + SD = 20.5 + 2.1 years)] from the community health screening programmes organised in both rural and urban regions throughout Malaysia. Medical history and standardised anthropometric measurements were recorded. Laboratory investigations were obtained for fasting serum lipid profiles and plasma glucose levels. Results: Youths in the rural were more overweight and obese (49.4% vs 42.7%, p<0.044) and have higher family history of hyperlipidaemia (16.3% vs 11.3%, p<0.036) than youths in the urban areas. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) (2.8 vs 2.7 mmol/L) and total cholesterol (TC) (4.7 vs 4.5 mmol/L) were significantly higher in urban compared to rural youths (p<0.019 and p<0.012). Overall, more youth in this study has CRF rather than not (Has CRF = 67.0% vs No CRF = 33.0%). Significantly more rural youths have at least one CRF compared to urban youths (rural = 71.6% vs urban = 63.8%, p=0.012). Conclusion: In conclusion, rural youths have significantly higher BMI with higher family history of hyperlipidaemia compared to urban youths. However, urban youths have higher LDL-c and TC levels. Other coronary risk factors are not significantly different between urban and rural youths. CRF were significantly more prevalent among rural compared to urban youths.

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