scholarly journals Strategy to determine the existence of small-scale wetlands in tropical Andean zones (Colombia)

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (211) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
Jorge Julián Vélez Upegui ◽  
Jeannette Zambrano ◽  
Matthew Wahl ◽  
Patricia Jiménez ◽  
Nelly Itsamar Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Seasonal Wetland ◽  
Ephemeral Wetland ◽  
Simple Drainage ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Clay Lenses

The Flandes community, in Tolima, Colombia, has proposed the protection of an ephemeral wetland that has been an object of interest for developers, who, by means of a simple drainage and using the dry season to their advantage, may convert a seasonal wetland into an urban area. The object of this investigation was to demonstrate that said water body may be recovered, as a protection zone, at request of the Flandes community. This matter was approached from multiple biophysical points of view. The results indicate that it is a seasonal wetland, geological examination reveals the presence of clay lenses, historical reconstruction of aerial photos indicate the existence of the wetlands, and the presence of phytoplankton and diatoms is evident. These factors indicate the existence, in past ages, of aquatic and ground-based organisms. The result of this study was the creation of a successful methodology for the determination of the existence of wetlands in small-scale Andean tropical areas, for their possible recovery and use by urban planners.

scholarly journals Chemosystematic aspects of polyisoprenylated benzophenones from the genus Clusia

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Anholeti ◽  
Selma R. de Paiva ◽  
Maria Raquel Figueiredo ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora C. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Structural Variety ◽  
Points Of View

Benzophenone derivatives are special metabolites that arouse great scientific interest. The Clusiaceae family is known for producing large amounts of benzophenone derivatives with several isoprene residues on their structures, which are responsible for the observed complexity and structural variety in this class of substances, and also contribute to their biological activities. Clusia is an important genus belonging to Clusiaceae, with 55 different polyisoprenylated benzophenones identified so far. These substances were analyzed from biosynthetic and chemosystematic points of view, allowing the determination of characteristics regarding their production, accumulation and distribution within this genus. Polyisoprenylated benzophenones found in Clusiashowed a high prenylation degree, with 2 to 5 isoprene units and a greater occurrence in flowers and fruits. Section Cordylandra showed a very similar occurrence of 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzophenone derivatives and bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione derivatives, the majority of them with 4 isoprene units. In section Anandrogyne there is a predominance of simple 2,4,6-trihydroxy-benzophenone derivatives, with 2 isoprene units, and in Chlamydoclusia predominates bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione derivatives with 4 isoprene units. Although highly prenylated, these substances showed low oxidation indexes, which from an evolutionary perspective corroborates the fact that Clusiaceae is a family in transition, with some common aspects with both basal and derived botanical families.

A small-scale sample preparation method with HPLC analysis for determination of tocopherols and tocotrienols in cereals

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ryynänen ◽  
A.-M. Lampi ◽  
P. Salo-Väänänen ◽  
V. Ollilainen ◽  
V. Piironen
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sample Preparation Method

DISPERSION MODELS FOR EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL SOURCES G.-J. MEJER and K.-H. KRAUSE Institut fiir landtechnische Grundlagenforschung der Bundesforschungsanstalt fiir Landwirtschaft Summary The aim of dispersion models is the prediction of atmospheric dilution of pollutants in order to prevent or avoid nuisance. Established dispersion models, designed for the large scale of industrial air pol­ lution have to be modified to the small scale of agricultural pol­ lutions. An experimental setup is described to measure atmospheric dilution of tracer gas under agricultural conditions. The experimental results deliver the data base to identify the parameters of the models. For undisturbed airflow modified Gaussian models are applicable. For the consideration of obstacles more sophisticated models are necessary. 1. INTRODUCTION The aim of dispersion models is to develop reliable methods for calcu­ lating the atmospheric dilution of airborne pollutants under practical conditions. One application in agriculture is the determination of that distance, at which i.g. odouriferous pollutants of an animal farm are diluted in the atmosphere to a concentration below a certain threshold, in order to allow the farmer a profitable production and likewise to prevent odour nuisance from the neighbourhood. Another application is the prediction of the effectiveness of changes in the emission source configuration, in order to reduce the odour nuisance in the existent vicinity. That could help to avoid expensive misinvestments. In air pollution control it is useful! to subdivide this large problem into three main divisions /1/, fig. 1:

1986 ◽  
pp. 113-113
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Tracer Gas ◽  
Gaussian Models ◽  
Airborne Pollutants ◽  
Animal Farm ◽  
Reliable Methods

scholarly journals ПОЛІТИКО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАКОНОДАВЧОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВИБОРЧОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В СУЧАСНІЙ УКРАЇНІ

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Г. М. Нечаєва
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Will ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Stability

This article examines the stages of the electoral process based on the legislation of Ukraine on elections since the proclamation of independent Ukraine until now. Considerable attention is paid to the disclosure of the concept of "electoral process", since democracy and the legitimacy of the entire system of public authorities depend to the electoral democracy. On the basis of various points of view of scientists, scholars of lawyers it can be concluded that the electoral process as a legal category is an independent legal institution of constitutional law, which should be understood as a set of constitutional and procedural norms governing the formation of representative bodies of the state and other elected bodies of state power and bodies of local self-government, election of state officials. The issue of the legislative support of the electoral process in Ukraine, the problem of the formation of a system of electoral legislation in Ukraine on the basis of which the electoral process takes place - elections of the President of Ukraine, people's deputies of Ukraine, deputies of local councils and village, town and city mayors. Adequate reflection of the will of the citizens on the formation of a system of government, the creation of conditions for free and deliberate expression of will require not only the legislative consolidation of the principles of free and fair elections, but also detailed legal regulation of procedures for conducting an election campaign, determination of the status of the subjects of the electoral process, their rights and obligations defining the results of elections, etc. The necessity of formation and establishment of a stable electoral culture of voters and the stability of electoral legislation for ensuring the proper realization of the electoral rights of Ukrainian citizens is indicated. However, the main problem is not so much in adopting laws that would comply with generally accepted democratic principles, but in ensuring compliance with these principles in practice, which does not always lie in the field of legislative regulation. In order to ensure legality in the process of organizing and holding elections, the functioning and interaction of all branches of state power, local self-government bodies and public associations must be agreed upon.

scholarly journals The Principles of Service Disciplinary Proceedings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Eduard L. Leschina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Level System ◽  
Points Of View

The article discusses the concept and importance of the principles of disciplinary proceedings. The existing points of view on determination of types of the principles of production on disciplinary cases are allocated and analyzed. Bringing together a number of approaches, the author proposes a two-level system of principles of disciplinary proceedings – General and special.

scholarly journals A Social Network-Based Examination on Bid Riggers’ Relationships in the Construction Industry: A Case Study of China

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Liang Xiao ◽  
Kunhui Ye ◽  
Junhong Zhou ◽  
Xiaoting Ye ◽  
Ramadhani Said Tekka
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
The Social ◽  
Network Method ◽  
Solid Foundation

Collusive bidding has been an insidious issue in the construction industry. Bidders initiate collusive networks of various sizes to win market shares. The popularity of collusive bidding networks affects market fairness and erodes the interests of market players. Although considerable research efforts were made to diagnose collusive bidding networks, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding the relationships bid riggers use to engage in the networks. Therefore, this study used the social network method, where two hundred sixteen collusion cases were collected from China to test these relationships. The results show that collusive bidding networks were characterized by sparseness, a small scale, a high concentration, and strong randomness. Three types of collusive bidding networks were also detected: contractual, spontaneous, and shadow. Furthermore, these collusive bidding networks had discrepancies regarding participants’ identities, forms of collusive bids, and the determination of bid winners. It was found that the proposed social network model of deliberating bid riggers’ relationships lays a solid foundation for the detection of collusive bidding in the construction sector.

scholarly journals Controversial topics in agroecology: A European perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Paola Migliorini ◽  
Paolo Bàrberi ◽  
Stéphane Bellon ◽  
Tommaso Gaifami ◽  
Vassilis D. Gkisakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
European Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Points Of View

Seven potential controversial topics in agroecology are presented and discussed from a European perspective comparing the position of Agroecology Europe (AEEU) obtained from an iterative, participatory approach with members and compared with published literature, including views from other parts of the world. The seven controversial topics as follows: i) use of agrochemicals; ii) small-scale and peasant farming versus larger farms; iii) technological innovations in agriculture and precision farming; iv) biotechnology and genetic engineering in agriculture; v) local and short food circuits; vi) social justice; vii) gender perspective. The analysis shows that there are diverse points of view related to geographical area and sociopolitical contexts. However, there are several convergences in the ambition to redesign farming and food systems, as a lever acting on several topics, and in considering agroecology with a holistic, participatory, multiactor approach for the needed transition.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Kewirausahaan Petani Muda Skala Kecil Berorientasi Pasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Gema Wibawa Mukti ◽  
Rani Andriani Budi Kusumo ◽  
Yosini Deliana
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Managerial Skills ◽  
Entrepreneurial Characteristics ◽  
Object Of Study

This study aims to identify entrepreneurial characteristics possessed by young farmers. Young farmers who are the object of study are horticulture farmers in Kabupaten Bandung Barat. This study tries to explain the characteristics of farmers in terms of entrepreneurship. This study focuses on young farmers in Cisarua, Parongpong, and Lembang Subdistricts, with land ownership of no more than two hectares (small scale). The determination of the sample is done by a stratified random sampling method. The strata in this study are young farmers under the age of 40 and farming in the sub-sector of horticulture products in Kabupaten Bandung Barat. The next step is to determine the sample in the study as many as 120 farmers. Farmers who play a role as entrepreneurs are not only experts in the production process, but they have visionary results-oriented business managerial skills. The results of the study show that the majority of respondents have moderate (moderate) entrepreneurial characteristics. This is more due to the farming climate in rural areas which is still moderate, not oriented to professionalism and entrepreneurship. However, young farmers have a desire to develop, so that their business processes are different from those of farmers in general, where young farmers are starting to implement professional work methods in their gardens. The entrepreneurial approach has been seen in the way they do business, where they always want to be better, always look for the latest information, create innovations in the garden, apply management in their farming and take risks.

scholarly journals TERENO: German network of terrestrial environmental observatories

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heye Reemt Bogena
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Regional Analyses ◽  
Research Facilities

Central elements of the TERENO network are “terrestrial observatories” at the catchment scale which were selected in climate sensitive regions of Germany for the regional analyses of climate change impacts. Within these observatories small scale research facilities and test areas are placed in order to accomplish energy, water, carbon and nutrient process studies across the different compartments of the terrestrial environment. Following a hierarchical scaling approach (point-plot-field) these detailed information and the gained knowledge will be transferred to the regional scale using integrated modelling approaches. Furthermore, existing research stations are enhanced and embedded within the observatories. In addition, mobile measurement platforms enable monitoring of dynamic processes at the local scale up to the determination of spatial pattern at the regional scale are applied within TERENO.

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