scholarly journals Assessing the influence of cereal-legume mixtures on the productivity of degraded pastures in the Kostanay region of northern Kazakhstan

2022 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Almabek Nugmanov ◽  
Assel Tokusheva ◽  
Asiya Ansabayeva ◽  
Marden Baidalin ◽  
Almagul Kalyaskarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan ◽  
Degraded Pastures

This study presents the results of some options to restore pastures with low productivity in the arid steppes of the Kostanay region of northern Kazakhstan, describing the effects associated with grass-legume mixtures. The effects of grass-legume mixtures, contribution to the preservation and maintenance of pasture forage crops, and the productivity of pastures were discussed. Mixtures of grasses and legumes were selected that are promising crops for arid regions.The plant density and its condition were determined based on test plots of adjacent rows of 0.5 m each, followed by counting. The plant height was determined before the yield of green mass by measuring 25 plants of each species. The yield of green mass in the maturity phase of the grass was determined by mowing and weighing the green mass in the plots, followed by the analysis of the species composition in the grass mixture and drying until air dry. The density of plants, the height of the plants, and the safety of the forage plants according to the sowing method were the data collected. In addition, the effect of grass mixtures on the productivity of forage crops to improve pastures was compared. According to these results, the highest productivity under experimental conditions was found in the wheat grassalfalfa-bromegrass variant. This information can contribute to the improvement of the state of the pastures since it is complete and inexpensive food for farm animals.

scholarly journals Innovative elements in the organization of a green conveyor

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Elena P. Shkodina
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Forage Base ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Research Institute

Relevance and methods. The article considers possible options for restoring the forage base of the non-Chernozem zone. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture in 2017–2019. The studies were carried out with perennial and annual traditional and introduced forage crops of domestic selection.Results. It has been experimentally established that the cultivation of traditional forage crops of new varieties of domestic selection contributes to an increase in the productivity of the forage hectare. The qualitative characteristics and yield level of the green mass of annual introducents were determined, terms of formation of the mowing mass of crops in the climatic conditions of the Novgorod region. New forage plants complement the green conveyor with innovative elements, increasing the choice of forage harvesting methods.

scholarly journals Productivity and nutritional value of Sudanese grass when cultivated for green fodder

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Yuri Nikolaevich Pleskachev ◽  
Julia Alexandrovna Laptina ◽  
Olga Gennadievna Gichenkova ◽  
Natalya Alexandrovna Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Sowing Seed

Increasing the productivity and quality of forage crops is a necessary condition for creating a solid feed base that will ensure the full feeding of farm animals. The paper considers the results of studies on the influence of mineral fertilizers and pre-sowing seed treatment with Raikat Start on the production processes of the Sudan grass of the Julia variety on chestnut soils in the Lower Volga region. It was found that the highest yield of green mass of Sudan grass 28.6 t / ha was formed on the variant with the introduction of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N120 P120 K90 + N30 and the growth stimulator Raikat Start, the increase to the control was 9.3 t / ha. This variant also showed a decrease in the fiber content and an increase in the proportion of pro-tein from 7.05 % in the first cut to 8.28 % in the third cut. The application of mineral fertilizers in the studied dose provided a green mass of Sudan grass that was safe for agricultural animals with a nitrate content of no more than 407 mg/kg.

scholarly journals Study of red clover wild populations from the territory of Serbia for the purpose of pre-selection

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-484
Author(s):  
Mirjana Petrovic ◽  
Zora Dajic-Stevanovic ◽  
Dejan Sokolovic ◽  
Jasmina Radovic ◽  
Jasmina Milenkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Lateral Branches

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the agronomic value of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) wild populations. The analyzed material was gathered on the territory of Serbia and it was estimated which populations could be involved in the breeding program. 17 red clover populations were included in the research. Investigation was carried out at the experimental field of the Institute for forage crops, Krusevac, Serbia. The field trial was performed during three years (2008 - 2010) when data about morphological (green mass, dry mater, plant height, number of stems, number of lateral branches, number of internodes, length and width of a middle leaf lamina) and basic chemical parameters (quantity of crude proteins, crude fiber, ash, fat, NFE) were collected. In this paper, results of the research were processed by application of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariation methods. Cluster analysis based on morphological traits resulted in formation of three clusters and the traits with the largest influence on grouping were: green mass, plant height, length and width of a leaf. Principal component method confirmed this separation and resulted in even more clear grouping of populations. Cluster analysis and PCA method were also applied to the traits of dry matter quality, when four clusters were formed, and the traits with the largest influence on grouping were percentages of protein, fat and fiber. Using both set of traits and several types of analyses contribute to grouping of populations which promise most and whose positive traits such as: high green mass yield, number of stems as well as the percentage of proteins can be combined for the purpose of getting synthetic varieties.

The improvement of the type Karatomar of Black-and-White cattle breed under the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
L. Ovchinnikova ◽  
E. Babich
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan ◽  
White Breed ◽  
White Cattle

In the Republic of Kazakhstan over the past decade positive changes have been observed in increasing the number of farm animals, increasing their productivity, and increasing the gross production of milk, meat and other products. At the same time the development of dairy cattle breeding is mainly due to the breeding of Black-and-White, Red Steppe, Simmental breeds and their intra-breed types as well as imported from abroad Holstein breed. The purpose of the research was to analyze ways to improve the intra-breed type Karatomar of Black-and-White breed in Northern Kazakhstan. Research work has been carried out on breeding animals such as Karatomar type cattle of Black-and-White breed in LLP “Experimental farm Zarechnoe” in the Kostanay district in the Kostanay region. The dynamics of growth and development indicators, reproductive traits of heifers of a new intra-breed type Karatomar of Black-and-White cattle have been studied. A comprehensive assessment of their economically useful traits in the first lactation, determined by the resistance of animals to climatic and forage conditions, the efficiency of breeding of animals of different genotypes has been conducted. It has been found that the replacement heifers – daughters of American breeding sires inherited precocity and showed higher growth energy after 6 months of age and continued to grow rapidly until 18 months. The advantage in metabolism was in the daughters of Holstein sires of the American selection Orbit 4078, and the increased immune status of the organism in the daughters of the sire of the domestic selection Yamal 975 as the most adapted to the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The best ability to increasing the milk yield, stable lactation activity, high milk productivity, gross content of dry matter and nonfat milk solids have been characterized by the daughters of sires of the American selection Orbit 4078 and Lowrider 4129. Analysis of economic indicators of milk production has been shown that from cows – daughters of sires Orbit 4078 and Lowrider 4129 for 305 days of lactation received 15,8 and 15,2 % more milk of base fat, the expenditures of EFU per 1 kg of production was lower by 10,2 and 5,9 %. A higher level of profitability has been observed in the group of daughters of the sires Orbit 4078 – 35,5 % and Lowrider 4129 – 33,1 %, which was 8,5 and 10,8 % higher than in the group of daughters of the sire Yamal 975.

The effects of plant density and fertilizer application on yield components in three marrow-stem kale (Brassica oleracea L.) varieties

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
Effects Of Density

SummaryThe effects of crop density and fertilizer application on three varieties of marrowstem kale were investigated. The yield of stem, yield of leaf, components of leaf yield and plant height were studied separately. Varietal differences and effects of density and fertilizer application were significant for all characters, except for the effect of crop density on leaf and stem yield per ha.Significant variety x treatment interactions occurred for a number of the characters measured. The possible importance of these is discussed.

Plant height and height of the main ear in maize (Zea mays L.) at different locations and different plant densities

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Gyenes-Hegyi ◽  
I. Pók ◽  
L. Kizmus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
The Best Approximation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Ear Height

The plant height and the height of the main ear were studied over two years in twelve single cross maize hybrids sown at three different plant densities (45, 65 and 85 thousand plants/ha) at five locations in Hungary (Keszthely, Gönc, Gyöngyös, Sopronhorpács, Martonvásár). The results revealed that plant height and the height of the main ear are important variety traits and are in close correlation with each other. It was found that the hybrids grew the tallest when the genetic distance between the parental components was greatest (Mv 4, Mv 5). The height of the main ear was also the greatest in these hybrids, and the degree of heterosis was highest (193% for plant height, 194% for the height of the main ear). The shortest hybrids were those developed between related lines (Mv 7, Mv 11). In this case the heterosis effect was the lowest for both plant height (128%) and the height of the main ear (144%). The ratio of the height of the main ear to the plant height was stable, showing little variation between the hybrids (37–44%). As maize is of tropical origin it grows best in a humid, warm, sunny climate. Among the locations tested, the Keszthely site gave the best approximation to these conditions, and it was here that the maize grew tallest. The dry, warm weather in Gyöngyös stunted the development of the plants, which were the shortest at this location. Plant density had an influence on the plant size. The plants were shortest when sown at a plant density of 45,000 plants/ha, and the main ears were situated the lowest in this case. At all the locations the plant and main ear height rose when the plant density was increased to 65,000 plants/ha. At two sites (Gönc and Sopronhorpács) the plants attained their maximum height at the greatest plant density (85,000 plants/ha). In Keszthely there was no significant difference between these two characters at plant densities of 65 and 85 thousand plants/ha, while in Gyöngyös and Martonvásár the greatest plant density led to a decrease in the plant and main ear height. The year had a considerable effect on the characters tested.

Productivity of binary herbage based on non-traditional forage crops in the Upper Volga region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Shmeleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

The article presents the results of field studies aimed at expanding the species composition of herbs and the search for adaptive cereals with a high sugar content in the Upper Volga region in 2015-2020.

A structural gradient in cerrado vegetation of Brazil: changes in woody plant density, species richness, life history and plant composition

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luci Ferreira Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Tabarelli
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
Structural Types

Four structural types of cerrado vegetation were examined to test the following hypotheses: (1) there are predictable changes in woody plant density, species richness and life-history strategies from one structural type to another; and (2) plant species composition in the less-rich structural types represent particular and impoverished subsets of those found in the richer ones. The study was conducted at Fazenda Palmares (5°33′S, 42°37′W) Piauí State, Brazil. A 47% decrease in woody plant density between cerradão (forest) and the least-dense type of cerrado sensu stricto (scrub) was associated with a 40% decrease in species richness. The percentage of lower-layer species was reduced by 29% in the least dense type of cerrado sensu stricto compared to cerradão. The proportion of species that flower and fruit during the rainy season was also reduced by one third. Species were not distributed as impoverished subsets along the cerradão–cerrado sensu stricto gradient. It is argued that the reduction in woody plant density and richness is partly due to factors limiting the occurrence of species with particular life-history strategies. The species composition of structural types is affected by the ‘mass effect’ and also by surrounding biotas, which provide species that colonize particular types of cerrado vegetation. Both these processes reduce the likelihood that the species composition in the poorer structural types are simple subsets of those present in the richer types.

scholarly journals Respon pertumbuhan rumput Setaria (Setaria spachelata) yang diberikan pupuk kotoran satwa Kuskus asal penangkaran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Fredrik R.S. Mauri ◽  
Diana Sawen ◽  
Alnita Baaka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Setaria Sphacelata ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Food Consumed

Cuscus is an arboreal animal whose habitat is in the forest with the type of food consumed are fruits, leaf shoots, and agricultural plants. Animal manure can also be used as organic fertilizer for forage plants. This study aims to determine the growth response of Setaria grass (Setaria sphacelata) given a dose of cuscus manure fertilizer with banana and avocado consumption. The study was designed in a CRD with 3 treatments. The treatments were P0 = without fertilizer (100% soil), P1 = 40 g/polybag of cuscus manure with banana consumption, and P2 = 40 g/polybag of cuscus manure with avocado consumption. Planting is done by pols on polybags measuring 30 x 25 cm. The results showed that the highest plant height of Setaria grass was found in P2 with an average of 101.70, then P1 was 101.47 and P0 was 71.16 cm/week. The results were the same for the number of leaves and tillers, P2 showed significantly higher results (P<0.05), followed by P1 and control. The application of organic fertilizer of cuscus manure with the consumption of bananas and avocados can increase the growth of Setaria grass.

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