scholarly journals Evaluación de fungicidas en el control de la roya del frijol (Uromyces appendiculatus).

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel González ◽  
Evelio García
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽  
Bean Rust ◽  
Check Plot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check

Five trials using a randomized complete block design with four replicates were performed to determine the effectiveness of several fungicide treatments against the bean rust as well as their effect on yields. The chemicals screened were bitertanol, diclobutrazol, diniconazole, hexaconazole, iprodione, metiram, oxycarboxin, penconazole, pyracarbolid, triadimefon, triadimenol and tridemorph + maneb which were compared with sulphur, used as standard and with an untreated check plot. The best results were obtained with Bitertanol 30 EC, Hexaconazole 5 SC and Oxycarboxin 75 WP sprayed at 0.5 kg/ha on a 14 days interval. No significative differences were found among the treatments, which statistically excelled Sulphur 80 WP sprayed weekly at 3 kg/ha and raised the yields significantly inrelation with it.

The Effect of Season of Picloram and Chlorsulfuron Application on Dalmatian Toadflax (Linaria genistifolia) on Prescribed Burns

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Jacobs ◽  
Roger L. Sheley
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Prescribed Burn ◽  
Prescribed Burns ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Dalmatian Toadflax ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Cover Density

Herbicides are an important tool for managing weeds where prescribed fire is used for rangeland improvement. Understanding how the season of herbicide application relates to prescribed burning is important. Our objective was to determine the effect of picloram and chlorsulfuron on Dalmatian toadflax cover, density, and biomass, where these herbicides were applied in the fall before burning or in the spring before or after burning. Six herbicide treatments and an untreated check were applied in a randomized complete block design with four replications to a prescribed burn at two sites infested with Dalmatian toadflax in Montana, United States. Herbicides were applied in the fall preburn, spring preburn, and spring postburn. Site 1 was treated in 1999 and 2000, and site 2 was treated in 2000 and 2001. Cover, biomass, and density of Dalmatian toadflax were sampled in September 2000, 2001, and 2002 at site 1 and September 2001 and 2002 at site 2. At site 1, cover, biomass, and density of Dalmatian toadflax were at least 76% lower compared with the check in both spring-applied picloram treatments, whereas the fall picloram treatment had similar Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density compared with the check 3 yr after application. By 2002, chlorsulfuron reduced Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density by at least 79% compared with the check in all timings of application at site 1. At site 2, Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density were reduced by at least 86% for all picloram and chlorsulfuron treatments in 2002, 2 yr after application. Chlorsulfuron applied in the fall or the spring and picloram applied in the spring effectively suppressed Dalmatian toadflax cover, biomass, and density for up to 3 yr.

scholarly journals Length of Efficacy for Control of Curly Top in Sugar Beet With Seed and Foliar Insecticides

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl A. Strausbaugh ◽  
Erik J. Wenninger ◽  
Imad A. Eujayl
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Beet Curly Top Virus ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check

Curly top in sugar beet caused by Beet curly top virus (BCTV) is an important yield-limiting disease that can be reduced via neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides. The length of efficacy of these insecticides is poorly understood; therefore, field experiments were conducted with the seed treatment Poncho Beta (clothianidin at 60 g a.i. + beta-cyfluthrin at 8 g a.i. per 100,000 seed) and foliar treatment Asana (esfenvalerate at 55.48 g a.i./ha). A series of four experiments at different locations in the same field were conducted in 2014 and repeated in a neighboring field in 2015, with four treatments (untreated check, Poncho Beta, Asana, and Poncho Beta + Asana) which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with eight replications. To evaluate efficacy, viruliferous (contain BCTV strains) beet leafhoppers were released 8, 9, 10, or 11weeks after planting for each experiment, which corresponded to 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after Asana application. Over both years, in 30 of 32 observation dates for treatments with Poncho Beta and 14 of 16 observation dates for Asana, visual curly top ratings decreased an average of 41 and 24%, respectively, with insecticide treatments compared with the untreated check. Over both years, in eight of eight experiments for treatments with Poncho Beta and six of eight experiments for Asana, root yields increased an average of 39 and 32%, respectively, with treatment compared with the untreated check. Over both years, the Poncho Beta treatments increased estimated recoverable sucrose (ERS) yield by 75% compared with the untreated check for weeks 8 and 9. By week 10, only the Poncho Beta + Asana treatment led to increases in ERS in both years, while the influence of increasing host resistance may have made other treatments more difficult to separate. When considering curly top symptoms, root yield, and ERS among all weeks and years, there was a tendency for the insecticides in the Poncho Beta + Asana treatment to complement each other to improve efficacy.

Evaluation of Ethiodemethrin 2.5% EC and Karate 5% against Citrus Leafminer at Metahara Citrus Orchard

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Leul Mengistu ◽  
Netsanet Ayele
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Potential ◽  
Citrus Orchard ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Citrus Leafminer ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check

The study was conducted at Metahara Sugar Factory Citrus orchard fields in 2010/11 cropping season with the objective of evaluating the efficacy of Ethiodemethrin 2.5% EC and Karate 5% for the control of citrus leafminer. In this study, seven treatments were used i.e. Ethiodemethrin 2.5% EC at 20, 30 and 50 ml per tree and Karate 5% EC at 0.72 and 1.10 ml per tree including free checks. Treatments were given at once and twice application frequencies; the second application was applied after fifteen days of the first application. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The study indicated that Ethiodemethrin 2.5% EC at 20, 30 and 50 ml tree-1 and Karate 5% EC at 0.72 and 1.10 ml tree-1 had satisfactory control potential of citrus leafminer (CLM) for a maximum of two weeks period as compared to the untreated check. Therefore, the orchard could use Ethiodemethrin 2.5% EC at 20 ml tree-1 and Karate 5% EC at 0.72 ml tree-1 for the control of leafminer. Moreover, using single control tactics does not provide utmost control of CLM in the orchard.

scholarly journals Green Peach Aphid Control with Foliar Sprays, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Stoltz ◽  
Nancy A. Matteson
Keyword(s):  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Extension Center

Abstract Experimental plots were established on the UI Research and Extension Center, Kimberly, Idaho. Potatoes were planted on 28 Apr and irrigated by solid set sprinkler. The soil type was Portneuf silt loam. Seven treatments and one untreated check plot were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Individual treatment plots were 4 rows (36-inch row spacing) wide by 25 ft long with 5-ft alleyways separating the plots. Green peach aphids were mass reared on greenhouse mustard plants (Brassica juncea L. ‘Florida Broadleaf’) for release into individual plots. Aphid releases were made into test plots on 14 Jun. A total of four heavily infested leaves were used to inoculate each plot. Treatment sprays were broadcast applied using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer (30 psi) and delivering 20 gal finished S per acre (four, 10X hollow-cone nozzles). Aphid counts were made by non-destructively sampling leaves at random from the top, middle, and bottom sections of plants in the center two rows of each plot. The data collected and presented is the total no. of aphids per 20 leaves. On 25 Jun a pre-treatment count was made and all treatments were applied later that d. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple means comparison (Significance Level P = 0.05).

scholarly journals 453 PB 300 RUST REACTION TYPES AND LEAF PUBESCENCE IN DRY BEAN LINES FROM MALAWI

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 496c-496
Author(s):  
J. M. Bokosi ◽  
D. P. Coyne ◽  
J. R. Steadman ◽  
D. O'Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Bean Rust ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Twenty-four diverse bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines (Malawi) derived from single plant selections from landraces were evaluated for bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) resistance and leaf pubescence in the greenhouse (NE). A randomized complete block design was used. Each line was inoculated on the primary leaf (35-60% leaf expansion) 7 days after planting and on the 4th trifoliolate leaf (10-20% leaf expansion) with two rust strains, D82VC74fh(Dominican Republic) and A88TI-20a (Tanzania). Rust uredinia size was recorded on the 14th day after inoculation. Three lines, `Nasaka', 16-6, and `Kamtsilo' had specific resistance (SR) to one or the other of the strains but none to both strains. Many lines were susceptible on the primary leaves but had moderate to highly resistant reactions on the 4th trifoliolate leaves indicating adult plant resistance (APR). APR was the main type of rust resistance for most of these 24 lines. Many of these APR lines were glabrous. No association was observed between APR and pubescence.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOLIAGE REMOVAL FOR USE AS A GREEN VEGETABLE ON GROWTH OF GEORGIA RED PEANUT S

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 270H-270
Author(s):  
D. G. Mortley ◽  
J. Y. Lu ◽  
P. Grant ◽  
G. W. Carver
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Good Balance ◽  
Green Vegetable ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Harvest Intervals ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Loam Soil

The effect of periodic removal of peanut foliage for use as a green vegetable on final foliage and nut production was evaluated in a field experiment in the summer of 1992. Georgia Red peanut cultivar was grown in Norfolk sandy loam soil in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of removing peanut foliage at 2, 4, and 6 weeks, starting six weeks after planting, and an untreated check. Fresh foliage yield declined an average of 30% while dry weight declined 34% when harvested at 2 and 4 weeks. Nut yield declined 33% when harvested at 2 and 4 weeks but yield decreased only 10% when harvested at 6 weeks. Peanut greens are highly nutritious especially as a rich source of vitamin C and protein. For good balance between foliage and nut production, it appears that harvest intervals should be after four weeks.

scholarly journals Control of Fall Armyworm on Sweet Corn, Spring 1996B

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
Dakshina R. Seal ◽  
Elzie McCord
Keyword(s):  
Granular Flow ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Product Evaluations ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Screen Mesh

Abstract ‘Silver Queen’ corn was seeded in Rockdale soil on 25 Feb 1996. A randomized complete block design was employed to provide 4 replicates each for 6 treatments comprising a plot size of 3 rows, 30 feet long. Insecticide applications were initiated when 2-5% of the plants were infested with FAW. Whorl treatments were continued on approximately 7-day intervals beginning 19 Mar. Whorl applications were made with a shaker jar, 10 cm above the whorl. This jar was fitted with a screen mesh lid appropriate for granular flow. No phytotoxicity was observed with either product. Evaluations were conducted 24 hours after each treatment by extracting 10 plants from plot centers, bagging in polyethylene bags and transporting to the laboratory. Each plant was dissected, larvae extracted and counted. FAW populations were significantly reduced by all treatment compared to untreated check plots.

scholarly journals Field Bio-Efficacy of Newer Insecticides against Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 727-730
Author(s):  
Ram Prasad Mainali ◽  
Ram Babu Peneru ◽  
Padma Pokhrel ◽  
Yagya Prasad Giri
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Verticillium Lecanii ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Shoot Borer ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB), Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a key insect pest of eggplant in all eggplant growing areas of Nepal. A field experiment was carried out in Khumaltar, Lalitpur during summer season of 2014 using eight treatments as, i) Abamectin 1.9 EC @ 1.5 ml/lit; ii) Spinosad 45 SL @ 0.25 ml/lit; iii) Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG @ 0.3 gm/lit; iv) Tozen @ 0.33 ml/lit; v) Karanjin 2 EC @ 2ml/lit; vi) Borer Gourd (Bacillus thuringiensis var. Kurstaki 108 CFU/ml + Beauveria bassiana 108 CFU/ml + Verticillium lecanii 108 CFU/ml + Metarhizium anisopliae 108 CFU/ml) @ 2 ml/lit; vii) Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 EC @ 0.25 ml/lit and viii) Untreated check to test efficacy of newer bio-rational insecticides against L. orbonalis. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The result showed that the fruit infestation percent on number and weight basis was significantly the lowest in Chlorantraniliprole (6.57 and 6.31) and Spinosad (12.08 and 11.15) treated plots as compared to other treatments. The Chlorantraniliprole treated plot recorded the maximum marketable yield (32.03 mt/ha) followed by Spinosad (30.93 mt/ha) with 34.39 percent and 29.77 percent increase in marketable fruit yield over untreated check, respectively. Hence, the use of Chlorantraniliprole and Spinosad could be one of the better options for effective management of L. orbonalis.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(4): 727-730

scholarly journals GROWTH, FLOWERING AND FRUITING PERFORMANCE OF COFFEE (COFFEA ROBUSTA) AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC-BASED FORTIFIED FOLIAR FERTILIZER

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alminda Magbalot-Fernandez ◽  
Daisy Fernandez ◽  
Saikat Kumar Basu
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Coffea Robusta

The study was conducted to determine the effect of Greenshield Organic-Based Fortified Foliar Fertilizer on the growth, flowering and fruiting performance of Coffea robusta. The experiment was laid out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), having six treatments and three replications. The treatments were: T1 – Untreated check (No fertilizer); T2 – RR of NPK fertilizer/ha; T3 – ½ RR NPK/ha; T4 – Greenshield Organic – Based Fortified Foliar Fertilizer at 100ml/li of water; T5 – ½ RR NPK + GOFF; and T6 – RR of NPK + GOFF. The result of the study revealed that different rates of Greenshield Organic – Based Fortified Foliar Fertilizer significantly affected the number of flowers and number of fruits, but not stem diameter. Results showed that the number of flowers at 30 Days after application was increased by T6 – RR of NPK + GOFF up to 36% higher than without applications. It also had the highest number of fruits in two weeks from flowering as much as 100% more fruits than GOFF alone and untreated. While no significant increase in terms of stem diameter was observed which ranged from 75 to 90 cm at 30 days after application.

DISTRIBUSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI POPULASI SINTRONG (Crossocephalum crepidiodes.Benth) RESISTEN PARAKUAT PADA LAHAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) DI KABUPATEN DAIRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Berton Sianturi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Populations

Crassocephalum crepidioides on Cornfields in Dairi Regency had been reported tobecome more difficult to control using paraquat. The objective of the research was todetermine the characteristics and the distribution of C.crepidioides resistant to paraquatin cornfields. The experiment was carried out in two steps, the first step was screeningthe population of C. crepidioides with paraquat at the recommended dose, and the secondstep, dose-response experiment for the resistance level of C. crepidioides population withdose 0, 76, 152, 304,5, 609, 1218, and 2436 g.ai /ha. In the first step experiment, paraquatdichloride was applied at 280 g.ai/ha. The treatments were arranged in a randomized blockdesign with 3 replication. The second step experiment was that the resistant populationsconfirmed in the first experiment were sprayed for their dose-response. The treatmentswere arranged in a randomized complete block design (CRBD). The results showed thatof 30 populations of C. crepidiodes, 19 populations (63.3%) were categorized to beresistant with the mortality ranging from 10.84% to 52.08%, and 11 populations (36.7%),was categorized as high resistance with mortality of 0% to 9.21%. The level ofresistance (R/S) of R-C25, R-C27, and R-C30 populations of C. crepidioides were 12,3,14,86, and 24,83 times consecutively, compared with the susceptible population. Thenumber of C. crepidioides chlorophyl leaves in susceptible populations was significantlylower than that of a resistant populations.

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