scholarly journals AN ENDLESS CONTINUUM: HUMANKIND’S UNENDING JOURNEY IN KINNELL’S THE BOOK OF NIGHTMARES

InterSedes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (44) ◽  
pp. 17-52
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Quirós-García

This study presents an analysis, from a mythical and archetypical stance, of the archetype of the hero’s journey in Galway Kinnell’s The book of nightmares. Hence, the scholarly contributions of Carl Jung, Joseph Campbell and Octavio Paz will be mainly utilized to demonstrate how the three stages of the archetype are met: separation or departure, trials and victories of initiation, and return or reintegration with society.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (Volume 2, Issue 2: Winter 2017) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Joe T. Velikovsky

This article examines the lives of two eminent geniuses, scientist-writer Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and writer-artist-filmmaker Stanley Kubrick (1928-1999), as monomythic hero’s journeys. The article is in three parts: Part One (Separation) presents Vogler’s (1992) twelve-step monomyth, a compressed version of the 17-step monomyth hero’s journey pattern identified by comparative mythographer Joseph Campbell (1949) in The Hero with a Thousand Faces. In Part Two (Initiation) the twelve-step monomyth narrative algorithm (Vogler, 1992) is used to explain the eminent genius lifework of Charles Darwin, and this same twelve-step lens is then applied to the eminent genius lifework of Stanley Kubrick. Part Three (The Return) applies the same twelve-step monomyth to the author-researcher of this article (Velikovsky), aiming to demonstrate how the monomyth applies not only on large scales to eminent geniuses such as Darwin and Kubrick in Science and the Arts, but also on small scales—even to Everyday Joes such as myself, thus also supporting Williams (2016, 2017). The conclusion drawn is that the monomyth pattern is a life-problem and also domain-problem solving tool, supporting the heroism science research of Allison (2016) and Efthimiou (2016a, 2016b). As this research is transdisciplinary, the disciplines of the research presented are: Communication and Media Arts, Information Science and Technology, Creativity Studies, Consilient Narratology, Evolutionary Psychology, and Metamodernism.


Hispania ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 916
Author(s):  
Richard J. Callan
Keyword(s):  

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-197
Author(s):  
Rahmah Bujang ◽  

This article is an exposition of the legendary character of Hang Tuah in the traditional Malay literary work titled Hang Tuah edited by Kassim Ahmad (1964), which is based on the manuscript Hikayat Hang Tuah from the collection of Dewan Bahasa and Pustaka. It traces the experiences of Hang Tuah, the main character, focusing on the development of his heroism. The concept of the construction of a hero is based on Joseph Campbell’s prototype model of the hero, whereby in his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces (first published 1949, third edition 2009), he summarizes every step of the hero’s journey into three stages: departure, initiation and return. The objective of the article is to examine Hang Tuah as a heroic figure using Campbell’s model as an archetype. The analysis will show the similarities in the treatment of the hero entity as an extraordinary person in Malay literature, while at the same time highlighting the most noticeable differences. The backbone of the construct is the contention that Hang Tuah’s heroism runs in tandem with the concept of king and kingdom in Malay tradition. Keywords: Hang Tuah, legendary warrior, Malay hero, hero’s journey


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-2020) ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Quirós García

This research paper analyzes the functions of myth in Galway Kinnell’s The book of nightmares mainly utilizing the scholarly contributions of Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell. In this analysis, the quester learns about the different functions of myth in the development of individuals as well as their need to complete cycles in life that will allow them to grow emotionally and psychologically. Kinnell’s use of imagery and unpretentious motifs of everyday living are enthralling; the “dead shoes, in the new light” allow readers to lose their way to find out who they are and what they want. XXI-century Western society has rendered the rites of passage it had previously upheld primitive. In a post-globalized era and a civilization that tends to favor capitalism and consumerism, although individuals encounter rites of passage and myth on a daily basis, they may be perceived as primeval and senseless. The book of nightmares discloses rites, rites of passage, and myths for the reader to discover opportunities of learning to mature in the world


Author(s):  
Gitanjali Kapila

In The Hero with a Thousand Faces Joseph Campbell begins his thesis of the Monomyth with a recounting of the story of the Minotaur. His purpose is straightforward: the initiation and cycling of the hero’s journey is predicated on an origin of evil narrative which the story of the Minotaur quintessentially is. It is interesting to note, however, that differently gendered expressions of narrative evil give rise to distinct and gendered vectors of protagonist action. In Sleeping Beauty, for example, Maleficent, a female/mother variant of the tyrant-monster, gives rise to a protagonist, Princess Aurora, who is never the conscious agent of the action she takes. On the other hand, in Mad Max: Fury Road, Furiosa literally drives the narrative action which is initiated by the tyrant-father, Immortan Joe. Though it’s clear that Furiosa’s journey adheres to a more manifest expression of empowered action than Princess Aurora’s, this paper will argue that neither protagonist nor the implied origin of evil story setting each character’s journey in motion suffices to define the heroine’s journey. Rather, the fairytale princess and the female action-hero require a new interpretive model in order to describe both their conflicting and, surprisingly, common relationship to personal agency. Drawing on the methodology of Vladimir Propp, I intend to offer an alternative framework for understanding the attributes of the heroine’s journey which circumvents completely the essentializing gesture that is necessarily made in positing an expression of the hero-task which would be unique to a female protagonist. Rather, I offer the Multimyth, an interpretive framework which 1) applies the model of the hero’s journey to Sleeping Beauty and Mad Max: Fury Road in order to define, reveal, and interrogate the functioning of each film’s narrative structure foregrounding the roles of Princess Aurora and Furiosa, respectively; and, then 2) uses the aggregate conclusions of the application of Campbell’s model to each text to counter-interrogate the model itself. In doing so, I intend to expose the assumptions, omissions and limitations of the Monomyth as a narrative heuristic and at the same time elucidate the Multimyth as an interpretive model which honors Campbell’s conception of the hero-task and proffers new methods for the application of the hero’s journey which will result in a richer and more complex understanding of narrative structure.


Lexicon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Adelia Damayanti ◽  
Achmad Munjid

This paper discusses the character development of Siddhartha, the main character in Herman Hesse’s novel, Siddhartha (1973). This research aims to study how Siddhartha’s character develops during his journey to reach enlightenment. The analysis is conducted by using the theory of the hero's journey by Joseph Campbell. The result shows that Siddhartha’s journey follows twelve out of seventeen stages of the hero’s journey proposed by Campbell. All of the stages appear in the same order except the stage Belly of The Whale that comes late. It functions as a turning point rather than a preparation for a greater ordeal. The analysis also shows that Siddhartha undergoes two major changes; from an individualistic to a wise person and from someone who is always persistent and thirsty for knowledge to someone who is flexible.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolly Guillermo Rivas Huaman

El presente texto, es un acumulado de momentos, escritos por un adulto con corazón de niño, es decir, imperfecto, sensible, noble, sin embargo, a la vez afrontando las dificultades y responsabilidades de la vida adulta. La técnica empleada en este poemario es la prosa, que me permite expresar de manera natural vivencias, y que pueda plasmarlo de forma escrita, sin la exigencia que implica un verso métrico o una rima, que los grandes Cesar Vallejo, Pablo Neruda, Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer o Gabriela Mistral, entre otros; utilizaron de manera magistral. Sin embargo, vale también mencionar que grandes poetas como Octavio Paz, Julio Cortázar, Mario Benedetti, Alejandra Pizarnik y Silvia Plath entre otros, utilizaron la técnica prosa también de manera brillante. Salvando las distancias de los grandes exponentes poetas, este pequeño poemario, en su estilo propio y original, también intenta explorar y expresar una parte de las profundidades del alma o de la consciencia o de la inconsciencia que difundieron Sigmund Freud Y Carl Jung, con el objetivo de sacar a la luz o al campo consciente de nuestro YO, con palabras sencillas: lo que pensamos y sentimos frente a situaciones difíciles que nos reta la vida. El gran psicoanalista Jacques Lacan afirmaba que todos buscamos reflejarnos en nuestro YO ideal, es decir, buscamos en otras personas una realización del ideal que nosotros quisiéramos ser, ya sea para amarlo o para odiarlo. En mi caso, ese YO ideal fue un niño imaginario, es decir, buscaba reflejarme en ese niño imaginario e ideal, al escribir estos poemas. Cada estrofa aquí escrita, fue fruto de etapas difíciles como adulto, y en algunas ocasiones las escribí con profunda tristeza, queriendo reflejarme en ese niño imaginario e ideal: niño fuerte y amado, que entiende que Dios existe, y que sabe de sus dificultades, que lo ama y que además está a su lado para cuidarlo, protegerlo, y en el momento indicado explicarle el por qué las pruebas. Una técnica de autoayuda que descubrí entonces, fue que los momentos de adversidad las podía combatir reflejándome en ese niño imaginario, que fue sufrido, pero también fuerte, noble y capaz y que no se rinde ante la adversidad. Un niño imaginario e ideal, que no fue amado, y sin embargo, ese niño estaba dispuesto a amar incondicionalmente. En esas circunstancias es que fluyen de manera casi natural estos versos, vuelvo a repetir, escritas por adulto, reflejándose en un niño imaginario ideal que es fuerte y que finalmente va a salir victorioso de las pruebas.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-245
Author(s):  
John Thomas McGuire

As Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell note, archetypes, or general ideas of human types, strongly influence societies, particularly the heroic archetype. Since the 1890s mainstream cinema has facilitated the heroic archetype for worldwide audiences. This article argues that Paul Muni (1895-1967), Edward G. Robinson (1893-1973), and John Garfield (1913-1952) became the first important Jewish-American film actors to help develop the ambiguous heroic archetype in the United States’ studio system from 1929 through 1948 in two ways: Muni’s and Robinson’s critical performances in the 1930s and 1940s, particularly in gangster and film noir films, and Garfield’s films from 1946 through 1948.


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