scholarly journals Biomarkers That Predict The Response to Chemo-radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Tumor Biomarker ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Strong Indicator ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Right ◽  
Locally Advance Rectal Cancer ◽  
The Given

The treatment of locally advance rectal cancer is a challenging with a relatively high incidence of local recurrence. CRT, however, has proven to be a great success in controlling rectal tumor locally. Nevertheless, recognizing relevant biomarkers are of paramount importance in order to tailor patient management and to avoid unnecessary chemotherapy related morbidity. In addition, biomarkers could outline oncological outcomes early on. Tumor response considered a strong indicator about tumor status and response to the given treatment. Unfortunately, there is no single effective method to predict tumor response to CRT treatment solely. However development of clinical and immunohistochemistry markers are essential to know what it takes to design a proper management plan for the right patient. We focus in our review to summarize relevant articles emphasizing predictive value of tumor biomarker in estimating rectal cancer response to preoperative CRT.   

scholarly journals Response to neoadjuvant treatment among rectal cancer patients in a population-based cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Alwers ◽  
Lina Jansen ◽  
Jakob Kather ◽  
Efrat Amitay ◽  
Hendrik Bläker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Tumor Characteristics

Abstract Background In rectal cancer, prediction of tumor response and pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant treatment could contribute to refine selection of patients who might benefit from a delayed- or no-surgery approach. The aim of this study was to explore the association of clinical and molecular characteristics of rectal cancer with response to neoadjuvant treatment and to compare patient survival according to level of response. Methods Resected rectal cancer patients were selected from a population-based cohort study. Molecular tumor markers were determined from the surgical specimen. Tumor response and pCR were defined as downstaging in T or N stage and absence of tumor cells upon pathological examination, respectively. The associations of patient and tumor characteristics with tumor response and pCR were explored, and patient survival was determined by degree of response to neoadjuvant treatment. Results Among 1536 patients with rectal cancer, 602 (39%) received neoadjuvant treatment. Fifty-five (9%) patients presented pCR, and 239 (49%) and 250 (53%) patients showed downstaging of the T and N stages, respectively. No statistically significant associations were observed between patient or tumor characteristics and tumor response or pCR. Patients who presented any type of response to neoadjuvant treatment had significantly better cancer-specific and overall survival compared with non-responders. Conclusion In this study, patient characteristics were not associated with response to neoadjuvant treatment, and molecular characteristics determined after surgical resection of the tumor were not predictive of pCR or tumor downstaging. Future studies should include molecular biomarkers from biopsy samples before neoadjuvant treatment.

Manufacturability Analysis for Solid Freeform Fabrication

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Arni ◽  
S. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Design Tolerance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
Manufacturing Problems ◽  
Case Effect

Abstract This paper describes a systematic approach to analyzing manufacturability of parts produced using Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processes with flatness, parallelism and perpendicularity tolerance requirements on the planar faces of the part. SFF processes approximate objects using layers, therefore the part being produced exhibits stair-case effect. The extent of this stair-case effect depends on the angle between the build orientation and the face normal. Therefore, different faces whose direction normal is oriented differently with respect to the build direction may exhibit different values of inaccuracies. We use a two step approach to perform the manufacturability analysis. We first analyze each specified tolerance on the part and identify the set of feasible build directions that can be used to satisfy that tolerance. As a second step, we take the intersection of all sets of feasible build directions to identify the set of build directions that can simultaneously satisfy all specified tolerance requirements. If there is at least one build direction that can satisfy all tolerance requirements, then the part is considered manufacturable. Otherwise, the part is considered non-manufacturable. Our research will help SFF designers and process providers in the following ways. By evaluating design tolerances against a given process capability, it will help designers in eliminating manufacturing problems and selecting the right SFF process for the given design. It will help process providers in selecting a build direction that can meet all design tolerance requirements.

Laparoscopic Proctectomy in Locally Advance Rectal Cancer: Prolapse Delayed Anastomosis Compared to Immediate Anastomosis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahtab Zangui ◽  
Abbas Abdollahi ◽  
Mehdi Jabbari Nooghabi ◽  
Ali Jangjoo ◽  
Reza Roshan Ravan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Locally Advance Rectal Cancer

scholarly journals Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of Patient with Anterior Hyper Function Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1000-1004
Author(s):  
Vesna Korunoska-Stevkovska ◽  
Ljuben Guguvcevski ◽  
Zaklina Menceva ◽  
Nikola Gigovski ◽  
Aneta Nikola Mijoska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Hyperplastic Tissue ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Papillary Hyperplasia ◽  
The Right ◽  
Maxillary Region

BACKGROUND: The success of prosthetic rehabilitation in patients with removable dentures depends on the achievement of the aesthetics, phonetics and most of all, proper use in the mastication process. All the patients that receive removable prostheses need a feeding education program. They must cut the food into smaller pieces, extend the length of time necessary for chewing and place the food upon both the right and left sides of the mouth at once. Bilaterally chewing with dentures will contribute to increased efficiency and denture stability during mastication. Using the anterior teeth for biting, as a result of increased pressure on the anterior ridge may lead to the anterior hyperfunction syndrome.CASE REPORT: The patient requested dental rehabilitation in our clinic for prosthetic dentistry two and a half years ago. We examined him and made therapy plan, for complete removable maxillary denture and partial mandibular denture. Besides our instructions for proper use of dentures and necessity for regular controls, his next visit was after two and a half years. He came with enlarged tuberosity and papillary hyperplasia in the pre-maxillary region. After oral surgery treatment (laser removing of hyperplastic tissue) and a healing period of four weeks, we made indirect relining on the upper denture, re-occlusion and re-articulation achieving weak contacts between the lower natural teeth and upper teeth of the complete denture. The patient was advised not to bite food with his anterior teeth, and avoid chewing very hard food which tends to imprint and displace dentures.CONCLUSION: Anterior hyperfunction syndrome with its high incidence is a disease with the need of interdisciplinary therapy approach. Fast diagnosis, thorough clinical examination using all available diagnostic tools, and choosing the right treatment is very challenging.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF SLOPE STABILITY REDUCTION / DETERMINANTY ZNI ŽOVANIA STABILITY SVAHU

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Dagmar Dobiašová ◽  
Jozef Streďanský ◽  
Lucia Tátošová
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Volcanic Area ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Landslide Body ◽  
Water Accumulation ◽  
The Given

Abstract The formation or activation of landslide movements in Podtatranska kotlina is quite common, as it is flysh and volcanic area. There is a high incidence of sandstones in this area. The sandstones crumble and weather, and this is the reason why the subsoil becomes unstable. The rainfall is accumulated, and there is a danger of soil sliding down. There was located groundwater level in the central part of the slope (in the height of 30 cm), and in some parts, the water accumulation occurred in the depression places on the landslide body. There were created small landslide lakes, where the water was held during the year. The slope was soaked and the erosion started to increase. The slope with its instability has pushed the construction of road that leads underneath the heel of the slope. Neglected and improper construction in areas of slope landslides has become a relatively common phenomenon. Stabilization measures are often made up only when real problem occurs. An anthropogenic activity usually starts this problem. This refers to deforestation, grassing or deformation of slope stability in the heel by improper construction. The landslide was not the first one in the area. In 1898, there was the first landslide, but it was not as intensive as this one. Retaining wall was the only one stabilization measure which was built in that time. It also had a drainage outfall. However, during the summer months in 2010, the stabilization measure was disrupted and cracked. This occurrence started after the slope separation and by the foremost pressure on the given wing wall. During our measurements, we found out that in that area, there was a loss of plant cover, erosion accrued and soil physical properties changed. Our aim is to show the seriousness of the situation and propose appropriate stabilizing measures.

scholarly journals OSOBENNOSTI POKAZATELEY UL'TRASONOMETRII ZhENSKOGO NASELENIYa GORODA ChELYaBINSKA

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
E N USOL'TsEVA ◽  
O V SAFRONOV ◽  
E V BRYuKhINA
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Ultrasound Wave ◽  
Spongy Bone ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Tibia Diaphysis ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
Peripheral Skeleton ◽  
Tubular Bones

Characteristic feature of ultrasonic densitometry have been investigated in women,s population of Chelyabinsk (n=200) from 25 to 65 years old. We used domestically produced Echoosteometr-02. A basis of a body of the lower jaw became a new area for ultrasonic densitometry. We can recommend a lower jaw as a new area for ultrasonic densitometry taking into account high pithiness of data in a combination with simplicity of research. Traditional localizations have been also applied: proximal phalanges of the hand, patella, tibia diaphysis and calcaneus bones of the right and left sides. We have established a "peak" values of a speed of the ultrasound wave for the given bones. Also we have found that a tubular bones and a large spongy bone - a lower jaw - possess the highest speed of an ultrasound wave, and the speed was mach less in a small spongy bones, that is caused by their anatomic structure. Ultrasound densitometry parameters of the peripheral skeleton start to reduce from 40-50 years behind exception patella - from 55 years. The lowest values were in group of women of 60-65 years. The rates of ultrasonic densitometry received by us are possible to use for women population of Chelyabinsk.

scholarly journals Moral distress: Ethically appropriate actions

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Maeckelberghe
Keyword(s):  
Moral Agency ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Moral Integrity ◽  
Moral Question ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
Psychological Dimensions ◽  
Original Concept ◽  
Ethical Situation

Abstract Andrew Jameton in 1984 coined the concept of moral distress as: “knowing what to do in an ethical situation, but not being allowed to do it” This original description presupposes that the right moral act can be identified and precludes situations of doubt and uncertainty. The 1984 definition emphasizes barriers that make it impossible for someone to do what they ought to do. Whereas Jameton in a revision in 2013 of his original concept emphasized reduction of the psychological dimensions, Peter& Liaschenko stress the element of moral agency. Moral distress then is a threat to the moral integrity of the professional. This requires three-step ananlysis: first, what is the moral question?; two, what are morally adeguate answers to this question?; three, what ethically appropriate actions are under pressure in the given situation? This will be illustrated with examples from the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals LEAN MANUFACTURING PROCESS PLANNING FOR 5 AXES CNC DRIVEN MILLING MACHINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-28
Author(s):  
Sándor Bodzás ◽  
Béla Krakkó
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Future State ◽  
Manufacturing Process Planning ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given

The aim of this publication is to determine the OEE (Overall Equipment Efficiency) indicator for 5 axes milling machine found at Diehl Aircabin Hungary Ltd. for the present and future state. Based on this value, the utilization of the machine for the given production amount can be calculated. With the optimal choice of the right production parameters (the number of cuts, feeding, depth of cut, etc.) greater productivity can be achieved i.e. the machine main time (time of cutting) will be less. The possibilities of the reduction of the machine time will be analysed and calculated. Setting of the appropriate technological parameters the machine main time could be decreased. The calculation of the machine main time will be determined for the most frequent manufacturing technologies.

scholarly journals Constitutional Dilemma of Pakistan: 1947 -1956

2018 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Manzoor Ahmad ◽  
Syed Asif Anwar Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Refugee Problem ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Soon after its creation, Pakistan confronted many issues including refugee problem, scarcity of able political leadership, absence of mutual consensus between both wings of the country and confusing nature of the relationship between Islam and state etc. took almost nine years to frame the permanent constitution for Pakistan. Constitution, the basic document of a state, determines the shape of its laws, structure of governance and system of rights and duties. The effectiveness of a constitution is judged by its practicability in the given area where it is enforced by the state machinery. Although, all civilized states of the world do possess a constitution, yet a good constitution is one which must protect the basic human rights by ensuring the independence of judiciary. Due to countless hurdles at the beginning of its journey, Pakistan’s constitutional development in the right direction could not take place. The main objective of the present study is to provide deep insight into the events and factors causing a delay in the constitution-making for the newly created state of Pakistan. The various events which took place from 1947 to 1956 have been analyzed in a subtle way.

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