scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the postvaccinal immune response in sheep in two farms after vaccination against infectious agalactia – a field study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
C. Evstatiev ◽  
K. Gospodinova ◽  
V. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Contagious Agalactia ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The aim of the present study was to detect differences in immune response in sheep from 2 small extensive farms against contagious agalactia, after treatments against helminths and optimization of the diet (farm 2). The one-year experimental period was divided into 2 six-months subperiods. The first without intervention, the second after changes in some of the management conditions. Samples for every subperiods, obtained from the day of vaccination and 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 days thereafter were examined. The samples were assayed by means of indirect ELISA. It was found that the antibody titer increased rapidly after administration of the vaccine, reached a maximum between 7 and 30 days, and decreased rapidly after the 90th day of the experimental period. Significantly higher (P <0.05) antibody titers were found in farm 2 after anti-parasite treatments compared to farm 1.

scholarly journals Flat Glass or Crystal Dome Aperture? A Year-Long Comparative Analysis of the Performance of Light Pipes in Real Residential Settings and Climatic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Sibley ◽  
Antonio Peña-García
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

This paper presents the first comparative study of its type of the performance of light pipes with different types of apertures: a flat glass versus a bohemian crystal dome. Measurements were taken at 20-minute intervals over a period of one year in the bathrooms of two newly built identical houses of the same orientation located in Manchester, UK. The comparative analysis of the data collected for both light pipes types reveals that the crystal domed aperture consistently outperforms the flat glass one. Furthermore, the difference in the recorded horizontal illuminance is most marked during the winter months and at the end of the one-year experiment, indicating that the crystal dome has better performance for low incident winter light and higher resistance for the long term effect of weathering and pollution. This study provides strong evidence based on long term real measurements. Such evidence informs architects’ decisions when weighing up the aesthetic considerations of a flat glass aperture versus the higher illumination levels afforded by a crystal dome aperture with higher resistance to weathering and pollution.

scholarly journals Properties and cleanability of new and traditional surface materials in cattle barns - a field study

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. KUISMA ◽  
H-R. KYMÄLÄINEN ◽  
M. HELLSTEDT
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Surface Materials ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

In this study surface properties and cleanability of new and traditional surface materials in cattle barns were examined in a field test. The concrete and plastic-coated samples were placed on a walking path on the floor and on a feeding table in a cattle barn. The surfaces were characterized using colorimetric and gloss measurements and determination of topography. In most cases, the colour of the surfaces placed on the floor darkened during the one year study period, whereas the colour changes of the samples placed on the feeding table did not show a similar trend. However, in both locations the plastic-coated surfaces were generally the easiest to clean, and the highest colour changes indicating soil residues were detected on the uncoated and silane-impregnated concrete surfaces. The difference between the locations was also seen in the gloss values, which increased in the samples placed on the floor during the one-year test period but varied considerably between the different materials on the surfaces placed on the feeding table. This field study confirmed the observation from earlier laboratory studies that plastic coatings improved the cleanability of concrete cattle barn surfaces. Silane impregnation was not functionally competitive with the plastic coatings. In general, the cleanability results were in accordance with the results of previous laboratory experiments but the field study provided practical information about the behaviour of the surface materials examined.;

scholarly journals Immunogenicity of a commercial Salmonella enteritidis vaccine in layer birds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nasrin ◽  
M. S. R. Khan ◽  
M. A. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Primary Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Layer Chicken ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Group A

Background: The aged birds are known to induce good immunity against Salmonella enteritidisas compared to young. To judge this hypothesis layer birds at 42 and 49 days old were vaccinated with AVI Pro®109SE4 vaccine and immune response in terms of antibody titers was measured. Methods: A composition of antibody production in vaccinated chicken was performed following a usual vaccination schedule with a newly suggested vaccination schedule. To study the immunogenicity of vaccine a total of 15 chickenswere divided into three groups. Each group comprised of 5 layer chicken. Chicken in group A and B were vaccinated with AVI Pro®109SE4 vaccine with a dose of 0.5ml/bird through SC route. Primary vaccination was performed at 42 days and 49 days of age respectively and booster vaccination was given at 72 days and 79 days of age respectively. Blood samples were collected to obtain sera from each chicken at every 7 days interval up to 93 days post vaccination for the determination of antibody titer using microplate agglutination test. Results: Highest mean antibody titers were recorded as179.20±70.11and 307.20±114.49 in birds of group A and B respectively. The highest mean antibody titer was recorded as 307.20±114.49 in chicken at 21 days post vaccination with AVI Pro®109SE4 vaccine using newly suggested schedule as compared to usual schedule of vaccination. Conclusions: Primary vaccination at birds at 49 days (newly planned vaccination schedule) of age induced better immune response as compared to birds vaccinated at 42 days of age.

AKTIVITAS IMUNOMODULATOR FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN SOM JAWA (Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn) TERHADAP RESPON IMUN SPESIFIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ika Puspitaningrum ◽  
Yuvianti Dwi Franyoto ◽  
Siti Munisih
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Antibody Titers

ABSTRACTEthyl acetate fraction of Som Java leaves (Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn) has been shown to boost innate immunity in the body (non-specific immunomodulatory activity). This study aims to determine the immunomodulatory activity of the specific response of the ethyl acetate fraction of Som Java leaves (Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn). Test specific immune response by using delayed type hypersensitivity test and total antibody titers test. Analysis of data obtained using SPSS version 16.0. Delayed type hypersensitivity test results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction Som Java leaves 50, 100 and 150 mg/kgbw proven to increase cellular immune response and activities comparable to the positive control. Total antibody titer test results showed that the fraction of ethyl acetate Som Java leaves three doses shown to increase the value of primary and secondary antibody titers. Based on the test results specific response can be concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction Som Java leaves have specific immunomodulatory activity.Keywords: Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn, immunomodulatory, delayed type hypersensitivity, total antibody titer test

Resources: Internet Resources for the Independent Medical Evaluator – 2007

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
Jenny Walker
Keyword(s):  
Head Trauma ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Orbital Fracture ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Neurological Injuries ◽  
Medial Orbital Wall

Abstract Rating patients with head trauma and multiple neurological injuries can be challenging. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, Section 13.2, Criteria for Rating Impairment Due to Central Nervous System Disorders, outlines the process to rate impairment due to head trauma. This article summarizes the case of a 57-year-old male security guard who presents with headache, decreased sensation on the left cheek, loss of sense of smell, and problems with memory, among other symptoms. One year ago the patient was assaulted while on the job: his Glasgow Coma Score was 14; he had left periorbital ecchymosis and a 2.5 cm laceration over the left eyelid; a small right temporoparietal acute subdural hematoma; left inferior and medial orbital wall fractures; and, four hours after admission to the hospital, he experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. This patient's impairment must include the following components: single seizure, orbital fracture, infraorbital neuropathy, anosmia, headache, and memory complaints. The article shows how the ratable impairments are combined using the Combining Impairment Ratings section. Because this patient has not experienced any seizures since the first occurrence, according to the AMA Guides he is not experiencing the “episodic neurological impairments” required for disability. Complex cases such as the one presented here highlight the need to use the criteria and estimates that are located in several sections of the AMA Guides.

Catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy treatment of saphenous vein incompetence

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asciutto ◽  
Lindblad
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Ulcer Healing Rate ◽  
Complete Obliteration ◽  
Ceap Classification ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Background: The aim of this study is to report the short-term results of catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy (CDFS) in the treatment of axial saphenous vein incompetence. Patients and methods: Data of all patients undergoing CDFS for symptomatic primary incompetence of the great or small saphenous vein were prospectively collected. Treatment results in terms of occlusion rate and patients’ grade of satisfaction were analysed. All successfully treated patients underwent clinical and duplex follow-up examinations one year postoperatively. Results: Between September 2006 and September 2010, 357 limbs (337 patients) were treated with CDFS at our institution. Based on the CEAP classification, 64 were allocated to clinical class C3 , 128 to class C4, 102 to class C5 and 63 to class C6. Of the 188 patients who completed the one year follow up examination, 67 % had a complete and 14 % a near complete obliteration of the treated vessel. An ulcer-healing rate of 54 % was detected. 92 % of the patients were satisfied with the results of treatment. We registered six cases of thrombophlebitis and two cases of venous thromboembolism, all requiring treatment. Conclusions: The short-term results of CDFS in patients with axial vein incompetence are acceptable in terms of occlusion and complications rates.

Regional household poverty and mobility analysis – a transition probability approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-302
Author(s):  
Damian Mowczan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probability ◽  
General Level ◽  
Transition Matrices ◽  
Equivalent Unit ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Probability Matrices ◽  
General Mobility ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The main objective of this paper was to estimate and analyse transition-probability matrices for all 16 of Poland’s NUTS-2 level regions (voivodeship level). The analysis is conducted in terms of the transitions among six expenditure classes (per capita and per equivalent unit), focusing on poverty classes. The period of analysis was two years: 2015 and 2016. The basic aim was to identify both those regions in which the probability of staying in poverty was the highest and the general level of mobility among expenditure classes. The study uses a two-year panel sub-sample of unidentified unit data from the Central Statistical Office (CSO), specifically the data concerning household budget surveys. To account for differences in household size and demographic structure, the study used expenditures per capita and expenditures per equivalent unit simultaneously. To estimate the elements of the transition matrices, a classic maximum-likelihood estimator was used. The analysis used Shorrocks’ and Bartholomew’s mobility indices to assess the general mobility level and the Gini index to assess the inequality level. The results show that the one-year probability of staying in the same poverty class varies among regions and is lower for expenditures per equivalent units. The highest probabilities were identified in Podkarpackie (expenditures per capita) and Opolskie (expenditures per equivalent unit), and the lowest probabilities in Kujawsko-Pomorskie (expenditures per capita) and Małopolskie (expenditures per equivalent unit). The highest level of general mobility was noted in Małopolskie, for both categories of expenditures.

From Scarcity to Abundance: Achieving Quality-Assured Mass Higher Education

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary System ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The United States is in a bind. On the one hand, we need millions of additional citizens with at least one year of successful post-secondary experience to adapt to the knowledge economy. Both the Gates and Lumina Foundations, and our President, have championed this goal in different ways. On the other hand, we have a post-secondary system that is trapped between rising costs and stagnant effectiveness, seemingly unable to respond effectively to this challenge. This paper analyzes several aspects of this problem, describes changes in the society that create the basis for solutions, and offers several examples from Kaplan University of emerging practice that suggests what good practice might look like in a world where quality-assured mass higher education is the norm.

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