scholarly journals Efficacy of short-term telemedicine motivation-based intervention for individuals with Internet Use Disorder – A pilot-study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bottel ◽  
Matthias Brand ◽  
Jan Dieris-Hirche ◽  
Stephan Herpertz ◽  
Nina Timmesfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
World Health ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Use Behavior ◽  
Interviewing Techniques

Abstract Background Internet Use Disorders (IUD) cover a range of online-related behavioral addictions, which are acknowledged and strengthened by the inclusion of (online) gaming disorder in the ICD-11 by the World Health Organization. Internet-based telemedicine interventions offer the possibility to reach out for individuals with IUD where the disorder emerges, in order to enhance their motivation to change their Internet use behavior. Methods In the course of the short-term telemedicine motivation-based intervention, adult participants took part in two webcam-based counselling sessions based on Motivational Interviewing techniques. Two weeks after the first webcam-based counselling session the second took place. Participants completed questionnaires regarding the motivation to change their Internet use behavior (iSOCRATES) and symptoms of IUD (s-IAT) at three times of measurement: t0 (pre-intervention), t1 (mid-intervention) and t2 (post-intervention). Results 73 affected individuals (83.6% male, average age 35 years (SD = 12.49) took part in the whole intervention including the questionnaire-based post intervention survey (t2). Over the course of the telemedicine intervention, a significant increase in the motivation to change with regard to the own Internet use behavior as well as a significant reduction in the symptom severity of an IUD and duration of Internet use (reduction of 2 hrs/d) were shown. Conclusion The telemedicine pilot study shows that online-based consultation can be effective and helpful for individuals with IUD. Therefore, such a telemedicine intervention may be a suitable extension to the already existing analogous care system.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic. Effects of stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Elena S. Akarachkova ◽  
◽  
Anton A. Beliaev ◽  
Dmitrii V. Blinov ◽  
Evgenii V. Bugorskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Preventive Health Care ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Health Organization

World Health Organization declared COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Fear of illness, self-isolation/quarantine, and reduced quality of life dramatically increased the prevalence of stress-related disorders in the population. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the preventive health-care measures aimed at short-term and long-term COVID-19 pandemic consequences reduction and promotion of social stability.

scholarly journals Effects of the Digital Game “Fit, Food, Fun” on Nutritional Knowledge: A Pilot Study among German Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Laura Holzmann ◽  
Hanna Schaefer ◽  
Georg Groh ◽  
David Alexander Plecher ◽  
Gudrun Klinker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviour ◽  
The Mean

AbstractIntroduction:Serious games are a novel and entertaining approach for digital health education in the younger population. Aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of the serious game “Fit, Food, Fun” (FFF) among a subset of children and adolescents in Germany with regard to nutritional knowledge.Materials and Methods:Two Bavarian secondary schools were each allocated to one intervention arm. The gameplay intervention (gameplay group; GG) consisted of a 15-minute gameplay session for each of three days (Tuesday to Thursday), while the teaching intervention (teaching group; TG) was performed as a 15-minute classic lecture for the same number of days. Given nutritional information was based on the recommendations of the “German Nutrition Society e.V.” and was identical for both intervention groups. Nutritional knowledge was evaluated through a standardised questionnaire at baseline (Monday) and post-intervention (Friday). Lifestyle behaviour (diet; physical activity) and anthropometrics (height; weight) were assessed once at baseline. Inclusion criteria were sufficient German language skills and parental consent form. Statistical analyses were performed using the statistical software R (R Core Team, 2018).Results:In total, 47 students (62% male) were assigned to the GG and 47 students (72% male) to the TG. The mean age was 13.5 years in the GG and 12.8 years in the TG. The mean body mass index was in the normal range (GG: 24.4 kg/m2; TG: 22.0 kg/m2). Data at baseline and post-intervention are analysed for 36 participants in the GG and for 40 participants in the TG. Compared to baseline, results revealed significant improvements (p-value < 0.001) in nutritional knowledge in both intervention groups. There was a between-group difference with significantly (p-value = 0.0139) higher increase of nutritional knowledge in the TG.Discussion:This pilot study provides evidence for the short-term efficacy of both game-based and traditional education approaches on the improvement of nutritional knowledge; however, further research in warranted to assess the potential effect of a digital gameplay intervention on nutritional behaviour. Finally, the FFF game might be considered as an appropriate educational tool for imparting nutritional knowledge in an entertaining and effective format among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Neuro-Oncology Practice Clinical Debate: Early treatment or observation for patients with newly diagnosed oligodendroglioma and small-volume residual disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon E Fogh ◽  
Lauren Boreta ◽  
Jean L Nakamura ◽  
Derek R Johnson ◽  
Andrew S Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Oncology Practice

Abstract Advances in treatment of oligodendroglioma represent arguably the most significant recent development in the treatment of brain tumors, with multiple clinical trials demonstrating that median survival is approximately doubled in patients with World Health Organization grade II and III 1p/19q codeleted gliomas (ie, oligodendrogliomas) treated with procarbazine, lomustine, vincristine chemotherapy and radiation vs radiation alone. However, chemoradiotherapy itself is not without morbidity, including both short-term toxicities primarily related to chemotherapy and longer-term cognitive issues likely due to radiation. Patients and physicians both desire maximally effective therapy with minimal toxicity, and it remains unclear whether some patients with macroscopic residual disease after surgery can safely delay therapy, to avoid or delay toxicity, while simultaneously preserving the full benefits of treatment. In this article, experts in the field discuss the rationale for the approaches of up-front treatment with chemoradiotherapy and initial observation, respectively.

scholarly journals Assessing the feasibility of applying a combined osteopathy and psychoeducation therapy (OsteoPeCT) and its influence on levels of psychological and physiological stress in adult participants with moderate stress: A pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Rahier ◽  
Victoria J Taylor ◽  
Teena KJB Gamage ◽  
Alastair Treacher ◽  
Simon J O’Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Biomarker Analysis ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderate Stress

Abstract Background: There is mounting evidence suggesting a relationship between stress and adverse health outcomes. Stress is a multidimensional phenomenon requiring a multimodal approach. While there is some evidence indicating a positive effect of massage therapy, there is limited research regarding the impact of related approaches such as general osteopathic techniques (GOTs). Further, research examining the feasibility and effectiveness of combining GOTs with psychoeducation in the management of stress is lacking. The present pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of applying a therapy package consisting of GOTs and brief psychoeducation and its influence on moderate stress in a convenience sample.Methods: A pilot uncontrolled trial with mixed pragmatic and exploratory design was conducted. The therapy package comprised of ten GOTs and ten minutes of scripted psychoeducation (OsteoPeCT) was applied in two sessions over two consecutive days to 18 adult participants with moderate stress. Feedback from participants and challenges experienced by both participants and researchers were recorded. The effects of OsteoPeCT were assessed by measuring pre-and post- intervention scores of self-reported perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10, PSS-10; Profile of Mood Scale, POMS) and salivary levels of physiological stress biomarkers (cortisol; secretory immunoglobulin A, sIgA and interleukin-6, IL-6).Results: All aspects related to the application of OsteoPeCT (participant recruitment, participant retention, therapy application, administration of health screen and self-reported perceived stress questionnaires, and the collection of saliva samples for biomarker analysis) were feasible. A total of 18 participants were enrolled. The timing of sessions on consecutive days was reported to be challenging. While a measurable decrease in perceived stress (PSS-10) and in mood scores (Tense, Fatigue, Depression, Anger) were noted post therapy (OsteoPeCT) application, physiological stress markers were unaffected. Diurnal variations of these biomarkers may need further consideration.Conclusion: The application of OsteoPeCT was feasible, well received with some beneficial influence on perceived stress indicating that an integration of psychoeducation and osteopathic care may confer benefits to patients. Future investigations with adapted protocols and larger sample size is warranted to assess effectiveness.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered in Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (registration number ACTRN12620000763943 ) and ICTRP .

scholarly journals Repurposing of Chloroquine and Its Derivative, Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: Implications for People Living with HIV in Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiagoziem Otuechere
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Living With Hiv

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic. Unfortunately, finding a vaccine or developing drugs from the scratch is a time-consuming luxury given the widespread and high fatality rates of the virus. In the short term, repurposing of drugs already in use seem to be the most rational step to quickly and effectively curb the virus. Several antiviral agents had been proposed as possible remedies, but the 4-aminoquinolines, Chloroquine (CHQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCHQ) appear to be generating more interest. They are generic, cheaply available and have proven efficacy against malaria parasites in Africa. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), on the other hand, targets the immune system thereby reducing the patient&rsquo;s ability to fight infections. Sadly, 68% of the global HIV burden occur in Africa. It is therefore anticipated that incidence of severe forms of COVID-19 could occur in Africa because of associated endemic conditions that compromise the immune system. With CHQ and HCHQ being considered for clinical use against COVID-19, there is a need to highlight their potential merits and confounding variables in the subgroup of patients with or without HIV.

scholarly journals Fluorescência óptica no diagnóstico de lesões em colo cervical - revisão de literatura

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Garutti Pereira ◽  
Jessica Gielize Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Daiane Fernanda Pereira Mastrocola Bizelli ◽  
Luciana Estevam Simonato
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Ft Raman

O câncer de colo uterino ainda hoje é um problema de saúde pública em muitas partes do mundo. No Brasil, é o terceiro tumor maligno mais frequente entre as mulheres. Uma das causas pontadas como percussor desse câncer é o HPV, principalmente, quando correlacionado a outros fatores de riscos e estilo de vida. Sua cura é altamente possível desde que se tenha um diagnóstico rápido e preciso. Na maioria dos casos, as alterações celulares no colo uterino são descobertas facilmente no exame preventivo conhecido como Papanicolau. Outro método que pode ser utilizado para esta detecção precoce de lesões em colo cervical é a fluorescência óptica que não é invasivo e vem sendo amplamente utilizado no diagnóstico de lesões bucais e de pele. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a aplicação da fluorescência óptica no diagnóstico de lesões em colo cervical.Descritores: Fluorescência; Neoplasias do Colo do Útero; Diagnóstico.ReferênciasINCA. Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância (Conprev) Falando sobre câncer do colo do útero. Rio de Janeiro: MS/INCA, 2002.Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância. Estimativa 2018: incidência de câncer no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2017.WHO. World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. 2016. Disponível em: <http:// www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs380/en/>. Acesso em: 02 set. 2017.Martins LTF, Fraga CDS, Andrade MS, Santos KJS, Paixão GPN, Bittencourt IS. Caracterização de mulheres com lesão pré-maligna ou maligna no exame papanicolaou. Rev Enferm UFPE.2017;11(9):3360-68.Moreira TR, Lima ACS, Santos MA, Auler ME, Turkiewicz M, Chaves MAF, Plewka J. Perfil das mulheres usuárias do SUS com lesões intraepiteliais em um município do oeste do Paraná. Arq Ciênc Saúde UNIPAR. 2017;21(3):181-86.Guarisi R, Hardy E, Derchain SFM, Fonsechi-Carvasan GA, Borges JBR. Rastreamento diagnóstico e tratamento das lesões precursoras e do câncer invasor de colo uterino no município de Franco da Rocha, SP. Rev bras cancerol. 2004;50(1):7-15Lima TM, Lessa PR, Freitas LV, Teles LMR, Aquino OS, Damasceno AKC et al. Análise da capacidade diagnóstica dos exames preventivos do câncer de colo uterino. Acta paul enferm. 2012;25(5):673-78.Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Conduta INCA/MS - Câncer do colo do útero. Rev  bras cancerol. 2000;46(4):351-54.Trindade GB, Manenti AS, Simões PW, Madeira K. Avaliação do rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero e sua periodicidade em um município de Santa Catarina. Medicina. 2017;50(1):1-10.Acosta DF, Dantas TS, Cazeiro CC, Acosta DF, Gomes VLO. Vivenciando o exame papanicolau: entre o (não) querer e o fazer. Rev enferm UFPE. 2017;11(8):3031-38.Derchain SFM, Longatto Filho A, Syrjanen KJ. Neoplasia intraepitelial cervical: diagnóstico e tratamento. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(7):425-33.Lins B, Sartor BC, Scariot PK, Tusset C. Citologia oncótica: aplicabilidade e atuação do profissional biomédico na área. In: Congresso de Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade da Serra Gaúcha. Caxias do Sul. 2014;318-27.Giraldo BS. Espectroscopia óptica de fluorescência aplicada ao soporte de diagnóstico médico de précanceres de tejidos de cuello uterino [tese]. Manizales: Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Fac Ingenieria y Arquitetura;2009.Coelho VHM. Fluorescência óptica no diagnóstico de lesões teciduais [tese]. São Carlos: Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Química de São Carlos;2005.Yassoyama MCBM. Estudo do colo uterino por Espectroscopia FT-Raman [dissertação]. São José dos Campos: Universidade do Vale do Paraíba;2006.Ricci HA, Pratavieira S, Brugnera Junior A, Bagnato VS, Kurachi C. Ampliando a visão bucal com fluorescência óptica. Rev Assoc Paul Cir Dent. 2013;67(2):129-35.Simonato LE, Tomo S, Miyahara GI, Navarro RS, Villaverde AGJB. Fluorescence visualization efficacy for detecting oral lesions more prone to be dysplastic and potenttially malignant disorders: a pilot study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2017;17(1):1-4.Corti MA, Garavalia MJ. Biopsia optica. Descrición general y resultados preliminares por espectroscopia optica e autoflorescencia. Externos. 2015;1(1):707-10.

scholarly journals Chloroquine and COVID-19: Should We Care about Ototoxicity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. e359-e363
Author(s):  
Eduardo Machado Rossi Monteiro ◽  
Maria Fernanda Lima Nascimento ◽  
Thayanne Rachel Cangussu Brito ◽  
Marcos Correia Lima ◽  
Laura Rodrigues Sefair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
The World ◽  
Typical Treatment ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first described in December 2019 in China leading to a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It was named by the World Health Organization as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and it garnered unprecedented attention from public health researchers around the world, and studies analyzing chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as a possible therapy have arisen in the last 2 months. Objective To review the literature and describe updated facts about the ototoxicity of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, an important side effect that can be present in patients with COVID-19 treated with these drugs. Data Synthesis The most typical treatment regimen is 5 days of hydroxychloroquine at daily doses of 400 to 600 mg. There is no randomized clinical trial that can prove so far the efficacy of this medication, and few studies have evaluated adverse events potentially linked to their use in patients with COVID-19. While there is no concrete evidence on the incidence of ototoxicity using chloroquine in the short term, we need to consider that, as a pandemic disease, millions of patients with COVID-19 may receive this treatment, and ototoxicity can be a possible adverse event. Conclusion Despite the urgent global situation caused by the COVID-19, the risk of irreversible hearing loss may outweigh the unproven benefit of using hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine, especially in patients with mild forms of COVID-19, who may be cured with supportive treatment. The potential hearing loss that can be caused by these medications may advise against their use in COVID-19 patients.

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