scholarly journals Javaslat a hazai méhnyakszűrési eljárásrend korszerűsítésére

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (52) ◽  
pp. 2062-2067
Author(s):  
Róbert Koiss ◽  
Imre Boncz ◽  
Zoltán Hernádi ◽  
Zoltán Szentirmay
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Interval Cancer Rate ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

Abstract: Two main considerations played roles in creation of new cervical screening system. One was the proven fact that high-risk human papilloma virus infection plays a role in the development of cervical cancer and pre-cancerous lesions. The other was the implementation of the HPV infection’s biological behavior in the new screening strategy. The new screening procedure faithfully reflects the cervical carcinogenesis. An organised, population-based and age differentiated screening method could increase attendance of screening and could decrease the possibility of interval cancer rate due to increased sensitivity. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(52): 2062–2067.

Interval cancer audit and disclosure in cervical screening programmes: An international survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 096914132110623
Author(s):  
Patricia Fitzpatrick ◽  
Therese Mooney ◽  
Helen Byrne ◽  
Orla Healy ◽  
Noirin Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Audit Process ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
International Comparative

Background Legal cases involving the National Cervical Screening Programme in Ireland following non-disclosure of an interval cervical cancer audit prompted this first international comparative survey of interval cervical cancer audit. Methods A survey of 22 international population-based cervical screening programmes was conducted, to determine if they undertook audit of invasive cervical cancers. Those countries/regions that perform reviews were asked (i) how the audit was undertaken, including how the reviews were performed and how they controlled for retrospective bias, (ii) how women are informed of the audit process and how their consent is obtained, and (iii) how audit results were disclosed to patients. Results Seventeen countries/regions invited completed the survey (77%); 65% (11/17) have an audit process for interval cervical cancers. Five perform individual patient reviews; three perform programme-wide review, with calculation of interval cancer detection rates; one routinely performs programme-wide review with calculation of interval cancer detection rates and offers individual reviews, and one routinely performs local hospital-level reviews. In the remaining country/region, hospital laboratories audit cancers, with a national audit process for all cervical cancers. Varying methodologies for retrospective cytology review were employed; four include control samples, with a ratio varying from 1:1 to 1:2. Three conduct a blinded review. Most countries/regions do not discuss interval cancer audit with participants and 3/11 (27.3%) inform women when a cervical cancer audit takes place. Disclosure is limited and variable. Conclusion The responses suggest that there is no consistent approach to audit of interval cervical cancers or to disclosure of audit results.

scholarly journals The internet, a simple and convenient tool in Chlamydia trachomatis screening of young people

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Novak ◽  
A C Edman ◽  
M. Jonsson ◽  
R B Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Screening Study

The objective of this study was to evaluate a new C. trachomatis screening method based on a home sampling strategy and using the internet as a facility for the participants to obtain their test results. A population based screening study was designed in primary care setting in Umeå, Sweden. It included all males aged 22 years (n=1074), living in Umeå, a city with 100 000 inhabitants. The participation rate was 38.5%. In the study group, 1.1% were infected with C. trachomatis. Participants obtained their results on the internet and three quarters of males infected with C. trachomatis sought medical treatment independently. The number of times the internet was visited exceeded the number of urine samples tested. The internet C. trachomatis screening strategy achieved the highest male participation rate yet published, and also reached young males outside the high risk groups.

scholarly journals 976Screening for cervical cancer with Human Papillomavirus testing: stand-alone is preferable over co-testing with cytology

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Liang ◽  
Thomas Einzmann ◽  
Sylke Ruth Zeissig ◽  
Arno Franzen ◽  
Katja Schwarzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Testing Stand ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Cervical cancer screening can be conducted with cytology and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) testing but few studies have compared the latter directly to concomitant testing (co-testing). We compared these strategies to determine appropriate screening. Methods Within a randomised population-based cohort study conducted around Mainz, Germany, eligible women (≥30 years) were screened via Pap smear, liquid-based cytology (LBC) and HPV testing (HC2) and HPV genotyped post hoc (PCR). These tests formed three strategies: cytology (Pap or LBC) and HPV (HC2 or PCR) stand-alone and co-testing. Screen positives and 5% negative women were invited to colposcopy. Absolute and relative sensitivity, specificity, false positive rates (FPR) and number needed to colposcopy to detect one lesion (NNC) were calculated. Estimates were crude and verification bias-adjusted using stratified sampling with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results Of 2,627 screened women, cytology stand-alone demonstrated lowest sensitivities (47%) and highest specificities (97%-99%) while HPV stand-alone demonstrated higher sensitivities (79%-95%) but lower specificities (94%-95%). Co-testing increased sensitivity (84%-99%) but not specificity (92%-95%). Relative sensitivities were similar between crude and adjusted estimates, with greater detection via HPV-based strategies. Specificity of co-testing with LBC relative to HPV stand-alone was near unity (0.99, 95% CI 0.99-1.00) but significantly lower than unity with Pap co-testing. FPR and NNC were greatest under co-testing. Conclusions HPV stand-alone screening in women over 30 years appears appropriate over co-testing as a screening strategy. Key messages Co-testing for cervical cancer does not appear to add any benefit in detection and may introduce unnecessary harms compared to HPV stand-alone screening.

A Synopsis on the Role of Human Papilloma Virus Infection in Cervical Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 798-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Saeed ◽  
Fawaz D. Alshammari ◽  
Md. Jahoor Alam ◽  
Khan Mohd Sarim ◽  
Khurshid Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Infection ◽  
Papilloma Virus

scholarly journals Frequent high-risk HPV co-infections excluding types 16 or 18 in cervical neoplasia in Guadeloupe

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanie Gaete ◽  
Aviane Auguste ◽  
Bernard Bhakkan ◽  
Jessica Peruvien ◽  
Cecile Herrmann-Storck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
French Caribbean ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Genotyping ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is the fourth cancer worldwide. The Human Papilloma Virus is responsible for 99% of the cases but the distribution of its genotypes varies among populations. We aimed to identify HPV genotypes distribution in women with grade 2/3 cervical intraepithelial dysplasia or invasive cervical cancer in Guadeloupe, a French Caribbean territory with a population mainly of African descent. Methods We used paraffin-embedded tumors for viral DNA extraction from women diagnosed between 2014 and 2016 and identified by the population-based cancer registry. The HPV Genotyping was performed with the InnoLIPA HPV Genotyping Extra kit®. Results Overall, 213 samples out of the 321 eligible records were analyzed. The HPV status was positive for 94% of the cases. The five most common oncogenic HPV genotypes were HPV31 (47%), HPV33 (38%), HPV16 (32%), HPV44 (31%) and HPV26 (28%). HPV18 was found in only in 5% of the cases. Among the studied cases, 94% had multiple infections. More than 60% of single infections were HPV16-related, accounting for 35% of HPV16 infections. Conclusions These results show a different distribution of oncogenic HPVs in Guadeloupe with “31 >  33 > 16” and a high frequency of multiple infections. Despite a lower coverage, the nine-valent vaccine is nevertheless adequate.

scholarly journals Cervical pap smears and pandemics: The effect of COVID-19 on screening uptake & opportunities to improve

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110170
Author(s):  
Hannah Masson
Keyword(s):  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an unprecedented upheaval within global healthcare systems and resulted in the temporary pausing of the National Health Service (NHS) Scotland Cervical Screening Programme. With several months of backlogs in appointments, there has not only been a reduction in primary samples being taken for human papilloma virus (HPV) testing but there have also been fewer women referred to colposcopy for investigation and treatment of precancerous or cancerous changes as a result. Encouraging uptake for cervical screening was always a priority before the pandemic, but it is even more important now, considering that the fears and barriers to screening that women may have are now exacerbated by COVID-19. Objectives: This article explores the impact of the pandemic on the uptake of cervical screening within NHS Ayrshire & Arran and evaluates potential strategies to improve uptake now and in future such as self-sampling and telemedicine. Methods: This article presents evidence-based literature and local health board data relating to cervical screening during the pandemic. Results: Human papilloma virus self-sampling carried out by the woman in her home has been shown to improve uptake, especially in non-attenders, whilst maintaining a high sensitivity and, crucially, reducing the need for face-to-face contact. Increased education is key to overcoming barriers women have to screening and telemedicine can strengthen engagement with women during this time. Conclusion: There are lessons to be learned from the pandemic, and we must use this opportunity to improve cervical screening uptake for the future.

scholarly journals Awareness and Knowledge about Human Papilloma Virus Infection among Students at Secondary Occupational Health School in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6321
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Taifeng Du ◽  
Xiaoling Shi ◽  
Kusheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Infection ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Papilloma Virus

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. CC is mainly caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), which can be prevented by vaccination. We conducted a cross-sectional study in secondary occupational health school (SOHS) through a questionnaire aimed to assess the awareness and knowledge regarding HPV infection of students. A total of 2248 students participated in the survey, 45.3% of them had heard about CC, while only 21.9% of them had heard about HPV; and 74.2% had no idea of the causal link between HPV infection and CC. Most participants displayed poor awareness and knowledge about HPV infection. The results suggested that age, grade, major, academic performance, etc. were correlated with higher awareness of CC, HPV and HPV infection (p < 0.05). In multivariable logistic analysis, third-grade students had the most increased awareness of CC (OR = 17.13, 95%CI: [8.11, 36.15]), HPV (OR = 6.59, 95%CI: [4.16, 10.43]) and HPV vaccine (OR = 2.78, 95%CI: [1.78, 4.32]) when compared to first-grade. Awareness and knowledge regarding HPV infection were insufficient among students in SOHS. As the future healthcare providers, these results highlight the need to supplement targeted education to improve their awareness and knowledge of HPV and vaccination.

scholarly journals Can artificial intelligence reduce the interval cancer rate in mammography screening?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Lång ◽  
Solveig Hofvind ◽  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Ruiz ◽  
Ingvar Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Stage Iv Disease ◽  
Interval Cancer Rate ◽  
Screening Mammograms

Abstract Objectives To investigate whether artificial intelligence (AI) can reduce interval cancer in mammography screening. Materials and methods Preceding screening mammograms of 429 consecutive women diagnosed with interval cancer in Southern Sweden between 2013 and 2017 were analysed with a deep learning–based AI system. The system assigns a risk score from 1 to 10. Two experienced breast radiologists reviewed and classified the cases in consensus as true negative, minimal signs or false negative and assessed whether the AI system correctly localised the cancer. The potential reduction of interval cancer was calculated at different risk score thresholds corresponding to approximately 10%, 4% and 1% recall rates. Results A statistically significant correlation between interval cancer classification groups and AI risk score was observed (p < .0001). AI scored one in three (143/429) interval cancer with risk score 10, of which 67% (96/143) were either classified as minimal signs or false negative. Of these, 58% (83/143) were correctly located by AI, and could therefore potentially be detected at screening with the aid of AI, resulting in a 19.3% (95% CI 15.9–23.4) reduction of interval cancer. At 4% and 1% recall thresholds, the reduction of interval cancer was 11.2% (95% CI 8.5–14.5) and 4.7% (95% CI 3.0–7.1). The corresponding reduction of interval cancer with grave outcome (women who died or with stage IV disease) at risk score 10 was 23% (8/35; 95% CI 12–39). Conclusion The use of AI in screen reading has the potential to reduce the rate of interval cancer without supplementary screening modalities. Key Points • Retrospective study showed that AI detected 19% of interval cancer at the preceding screening exam that in addition showed at least minimal signs of malignancy. Importantly, these were correctly localised by AI, thus obviating supplementary screening modalities. • AI could potentially reduce a proportion of particularly aggressive interval cancers. • There was a correlation between AI risk score and interval cancer classified as true negative, minimal signs or false negative.

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