Protein and wet gluten contents in winter wheat grain samples

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hegedűs ◽  
Z. Szentpétery ◽  
K. Kassai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Protein Versus

The milling and baking quality of wheat is mainly determined by the genetic basis, but may also be influenced by management techniques. Series of winter wheat varieties were examined under identical agronomic conditions in the experimental years of 1996-2001. Weed control, the rate and application time of nitrogen top dressing, the use of insecticide and fungicide and the climate of the production year were evaluated as main factors. In the present study two major characteristics: the protein and gluten content of grain samples, were examined. The effect of nitrogen fertilization proved to have the strongest impact on both quality indexes. no significant quality differences were induced by the various means of weed control. Plant protection treatments had a rather diverse effect on the contents of the protein and gluten in certain years. The protein and gluten values were correlated in all the experimental treatments, but the level of the correlation showed considerable variation. The effect of crop year proved to be the strongest, followed by fertilization, from among the quality-determining factors. The protein versus gluten correlation was also found to be the closest in the case of nitrogen top dressing applications.

Influence of previous crops on the productivity of winter wheat varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
A. A. Makarov ◽  
N. I. Mamsirov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Experimental Scheme ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

In order to realize the maximum potential parameters of winter wheat productivity, it is necessary, first of all, to use high-yielding varieties with optimal quality indicators of grain, as well as progressive agricultural technologies aimed at obtaining a stable crop yield. Winter wheat places high demands on its previous crops. Insufficient amount of productive moisture in the soil or its extremely low reserves affects the yield, and consequently, the quality of winter wheat grain according to unpaired predecessors. Moreover, dry autumn during the sowing period leads to its delay, which is the reason for obtaining uneven and weak seedlings. In this regard, studies have been carried out to study and assess the influence of predecessors on the agrocenosis, yield and grain quality of promising varieties of Adel, Grom, Tanya winter wheat. According to the experimental scheme, peas, corn for silage and sunflower have been identified as the preceding crops for winter wheat. Agrotechnology in experience is generally accepted for the foothill zone of the Republic of Adygea. The results of the research made it possible to identify the most optimal of the considered predecessors in the cultivation of winter wheat, capable of providing stable yields with high quality grain. Certain differences in the photosynthetic activity of the studied winter wheat varieties for different predecessors have been noted. It has been found that the leaf area of winter wheat varieties is in the range of 30,0–33,5 thousand m2/ha. The highest dry matter content in the range of 4,9–5,0 t/ha is observed in the Grom variety, and the predecessor is peas. The largest number of grains in an ear for three previous crops is 40–43 pcs / ear for peas. It also had a fairly significant effect on the weight of 1000 grains and the grain yield of winter wheat. For example, the weight of 1000 grains of the most productive Thunder variety varied from 40,1 to 41,6 gm, depending on the previous crop. According to the results of the experiments, the highest grain yield of winter wheat within the range of 5,3 t/ha has been noted for the Grom variety when cultivated for peas. The smallest grain yield in the range of 3,8–3,9 t/ha is typical for all studied varieties of winter wheat, namely, according to the cultivated predecessor – sunflower.

scholarly journals Influence of the tillage method on the development of leaf diseases of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kremneva ◽  
K. E. Gasiyan ◽  
A. V. Ponomarev ◽  
A. Kokhmetova ◽  
S. I. Novoseletsky
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Experimental Plots

To carry out effective plant protection measures, it is necessary to take into account all the factors affecting the quality of the crop. The aim of our research was to study the degree of development of leaf diseases of winter wheat and the rate of infestation of crops, depending on the tillage method. The studies were carried out in 2019-2020 at the experimental plots of “Kuban educational farm” in Krasnodar. For the research, four experimental plots with Steppe variety of soft winter wheat were created, where various soil cultivation systems were applied: 1 - No-Till (zero technology), 2 - moldboard-free technology, 3 - recommended, 4 - moldboard technology. The article presents data on the degree of development of diseases and the degree of infestation of winter wheat plants in the crops of test plots with various tillage systems. It was found that the most preferable is the use of the recommended type of treatment, since with it the least number of diseases develops and the degree of development of pathogens is reduced by 2-3 times in comparison with other options. The influence of the tillage method on the number and composition of phytopathogen spores was revealed.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE PRODUCTION OF WINTER WHEAT SEEDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
A. P. Voloshchuk ◽  
I. S. Voloshchuk ◽  
V. V. Gliva ◽  
O. M. Sluchak ◽  
G. S. Gereshko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Search And Selection ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

In recent years, interest in non-traditional methods of farming and plant growing has increased, which include the widespread use of biological methods of plant protection and nutrition, allowing significantly reduce the use of pesticides and reduce fertilizer rates. Therefore, there is a constant search and selection of highly effective and competitive formulations that, in growing technologies, ensured an increase in yield and the quality of the grown products. It has been established that the reasons for obtaining seeds of low yielding and sowing qualities of winter wheat in the zone of excessive moisture in the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are lodging of crops and the development of harmful diseases. These negative phenomena can be prevented through the use of the Vympel-2 growth regulator and Oracle microfertilizer colofermin copper, both when separately and simultaneously introduced into the ejection phase of the tube. Under the influence of these formulations, resistance to lodging of plants increases, the spread of diseases decreases: powdery mildew, leaf septoria, and dark brown rust. The increased spike growth and the best filling of winter wheat grains occur due to the shortening of the vegetative part of the shoot, which contributes to a significant increase in productivity - 0.45–0.55 t / ha. Due to optimal growth and development, seeds of high sowing qualities are formed on maternal plants. The most effective is the tank mixture of the Vympel-2 growth regulator (0.5 l / ha) with microfertilizer Oracle colofermin copper (1.0 l / ha) against the background of N30P90K90 with the phased introduction of nitrogen according to N30P90K90 at the IV and VII stages of organogenesis, which reduced development diseases on plants compared with the control (without treatment of sowing) by 15.4% (powdery mildew), 10.8 (leaf Septoria) and 10.4% (dark brown spotting).

scholarly journals Quality of winter wheat in relation to heat and drought shock after anthesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Balla ◽  
M. Rakszegi ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
F. Békés ◽  
S. Bencze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Starch Granule ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Granule Size ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Protein Components

Raw material quality, which is influenced not only by the protein content, insoluble protein polymers, and glutenin-to-gliadin ratio but also by the starch granule size, is very important for the quality of bakery products. This study investigated the effect of high temperature and drought (during grain-filling) on the quality and components yield of five winter wheat varieties. Drought and drought + heat were found to have a much greater influence on the yield and quality than heat stress alone. Averaged over the varieties, the yield losses were 57% after drought, 76% after drought + heat, and only 31% after heat stresses. The reductions in the unextractable polymeric protein fraction and glutenin-to-gliadin ratio indicated a poorer grain yield quality, despite the higher protein content. Quality deterioration was observed after drought or drought + heat, while high temperatures alone resulted in no change or in a better ratio of protein components. A significant negative correlation was observed between starch granule size and relative protein content after drought, demonstrating that this parameter contributes, together with protein, to the baking quality of the flour.

scholarly journals Analysis of grain yield and flour quality of some winter wheat varieties in the 2020 production

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Nenad Đurić ◽  
Vojin Cvijanović ◽  
Dobrivoj Poštić ◽  
Gordana Branković ◽  
Vera Rajičić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Flour Quality ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Pšenica, je tijekom cijele ljudske civilizacije bila bazni i vitalni sastojak svakodnevne ishrane ljudi i domaćih životinja. U Republici Srbiji posljednjih nekoliko godina izražena je traženost sorti pšenice, koje pored visokog i stabilnog prinosa imaju i dobre parametre kvalitete brašna. U provedenim istraživanjima u 2019/2020. godini sorta s najstabilnijim prinosom i dobrom kvalitetom zrna pokazala se sorta Nogal. Ova sorta ima visok sadržaj kvalitetnih proteina, a analogno tome je i visok sadržaj glutena, ali i kvaliteta, što su potvrdila reološka mjerenja. Ostvareni visoki prinosi zrna ispitivanih sorata pšenice jesu rezultat interakcije genetičkog potencijala ispitivanih sorata pšenice i primjene dobre agrotehnike u uvjetima kada raspored padalina u tijeku vegetacijske sezone, od momenta sjetve, pa do žetve nije pogodovao proizvodnji pšenice. Istraživanja su pokazala da se sorte Talas, Pobeda i Nogal mogu svrstati u kvalitetnu grupu A2, odnosno to su sorte dobre kvalitete brašna i hljeba i kao takve spadaju u grupu poboljšivača. Sorte Merkur, Imperija, Ratarica i Vizantija svrstane su u kvalitetnu grupu B1 tj. one su dobre hljebne sorte. Sorta NS 40 S svrstana je u kvalitetnu grupu B2.

scholarly journals Elements of Integration in Winter Wheat Protection Programs

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Cecylia Jańczak ◽  
Grażyna Filoda ◽  
Robert Matysiak
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

In Poland winter wheat is grown on the area of 1.600.000 ha. Most of the plant protection treatments are being done without thorough analysis of real threats from pests and diseases. The aim of the research is to develop the optimal program of wheat protection against pests and diseases based on integration of various methods of plant protection. Two programs: conventional and integrated were compared. In integrated program the eventual needs and terms of treatments were estimated on the basis of detailed observations of plant infection, pest appearance, their natural enemies and thorough analysis of weather conditions and forecasts. The role of disease resistant wheat varietes and nitrogen fertilizers was also analysed. The research took into account beneficial entomofauna and its influence on pest numbers as well as influence of chemicals used in agriculture on their species. As the result the selective pesticides, safe to beneficial organisms, were selected. The quantity and quality of winter wheat yield was analysed, including protein and gluten contents. The economic effectiveness of various programs of wheat protection against pests and diseases was assessed. The results of research are important both in practical and scientific sense.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF CHEVALIER WG AND ATLANTIS OD HERBICIDES TO CONTROL WEEDS IN WINTER WHEAT FIELDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Said & Jaff
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Metsulfuron Methyl ◽  
Weed Plants

Herbicides are much more than just chemicals to control weed plants, and they can also influence the ecosystems. So, it is necessary to choose new herbicide with low active ingredients in order to reduce environmental issues, as well as control weed plants. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and to compare two herbicides containing similar active ingredients, Chevalier WG and Atlantis OD, as they contain metsufuron-methyl and iodosufuron-methyl sodium at different rates. Chevalier contains 30 g/l of each active ingredient; whilst Atlantis OD has 10 g/l of metsulfuron-methyl and 2 g/l of iodosufuron-methyl sodium. The results showed that all treatments significantly were active to control the weeds in both wheat varieties. Narrow-leaves Weeds density was decreased density 91.70 and 94.14% by Atlantis OD minus 25% in Aras and Simeto respectively, and the yield of Aras was increased 255%. In accordance with the results, a herbicide with low active ingredients, particularly from the sulfonylurea group such as Atlantis OD, more likely to be recommended for weed control and environmental concerns. 

scholarly journals Analysis of the Effectiveness of Shielded Band Spraying in Weed Control in Field Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Andrzej Osuch ◽  
Przemysław Przygodziński ◽  
Piotr Rybacki ◽  
Ewa Osuch ◽  
Ireneusz Kowalik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University

An important factor along with the availability of food is its quality. It depends, among other things, on the type of plant protection products used and the method of their application. This manuscript presents research on the possibility of using a shielded band sprayer in field onion cultivation. The shielded band spraying technology presented in this article is the subject of a patent application (application number P.428494-The prototype of the machine was produced in Poland in cooperation with the University of Life Sciences in Poznań). The research consisted in comparing the quantity and quality of the obtained crop, based on various methods of reducing the weed population. The research results indicate that the proposed shielded band spraying technology may affect the food quality (the active substance is not sprayed on onion plants) and profitability of farms (less use of plant protection products).

scholarly journals QUALITY INDICATORS OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN ECOLOGICAL VARIETY TRIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
S.V. Podgorny ◽  
◽  
O.V. Skripka ◽  
A.P. Samofalov ◽  
S.N. Gromova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Gluten Content

Improving the quality of wheat grain is an important task of agricultural production. In recent years, the production of strong and valuable wheat, necessary for the production of high-quality baking flour, has decreased. In this regard, the study of the quality of grain varieties of winter wheat in specific soil and climatic conditions of the Rostov region is becoming topical. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to study the main indicators of grain quality of varieties of soft winter wheat (protein and gluten content, flour strength, bread size from 100 g of flour) in ecological variety trials to select the best under conditions of the Rostov region. The studies were carried out on the trial fields of the Laboratory of selection and seed production of winter soft wheat of intensive type of the State Scientific Establishment “Agricultural research center «Donskoy»” (Rostov region) in 2014–2016. Seventy-five varieties were studied in the course of the research. Planting dates – optimal for implementation of agricultural and agro-technical measures. Planter – «Wintersteiger Plotseed S.» Seed placement depth – 4–6 cm. Preceding crop – black fallow. Accounting square of fields – 10 m2, double replication. Seeding rate – 4.5 million seeds per hectare. Grain quality was assessed according to the methods of the national standards of the Russian Federation. Such grain quality indicators as gluten content (according to GOST R 54478-2011), protein mass fraction (as required by GOST 108460-91), baking properties of flour (in a laboratory using the remix method) were determined. The article discusses the main indicators of the quality of grain and flour of winter soft wheat varieties in ecological variety testing and compares them. Analysis of the main indicators of the quality of varieties in trials showed that in the south of the Rostov region in 2014–2016 flour strength and gluten content were the most variable indicators. In terms of protein content (> 14.5 %), 8.0 % of the studied varieties were in full compliance with strong wheat standards; by the gluten content (> 28 %) – 7.0 %; by the flour strength (>280 e.a.) – 9.0 %. Five varieties of winter soft wheat: ‘Aksinya’, ‘Tanais’, ‘Asket’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Yumpa’ (Russia) with a complex of economically valuable traits are of greater interest for practical breeding in terms of improving grain quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document