scholarly journals Analysis of the Effectiveness of Shielded Band Spraying in Weed Control in Field Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Andrzej Osuch ◽  
Przemysław Przygodziński ◽  
Piotr Rybacki ◽  
Ewa Osuch ◽  
Ireneusz Kowalik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University

An important factor along with the availability of food is its quality. It depends, among other things, on the type of plant protection products used and the method of their application. This manuscript presents research on the possibility of using a shielded band sprayer in field onion cultivation. The shielded band spraying technology presented in this article is the subject of a patent application (application number P.428494-The prototype of the machine was produced in Poland in cooperation with the University of Life Sciences in Poznań). The research consisted in comparing the quantity and quality of the obtained crop, based on various methods of reducing the weed population. The research results indicate that the proposed shielded band spraying technology may affect the food quality (the active substance is not sprayed on onion plants) and profitability of farms (less use of plant protection products).

scholarly journals Effect of the Application Date of Fertilizer Containing Silicon and Potassium on the Yield and Technological Quality of Sugar Beet Roots

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Artyszak ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Alicja Siuda
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Technological Quality

Water shortage and drought are a growing problem in Europe. Therefore, effective methods for limiting its effects are necessary. At the same time, the “field to fork” strategy adopted by the European Commission aims to achieve a significant reduction in the use of plant protection products and fertilizers in the European Union. In an experiment conducted in 2018–2020, the effect of the method of foliar fertilization containing silicon and potassium on the yield and technological quality of sugar beet roots was assessed. The fertilizer was used in seven combinations, differing in the number and time of application. The best results were obtained by treating plants during drought stress. The better soil moisture for the plants, the smaller the pure sugar yield increase was observed. It is difficult to clearly state which combination of silicon and potassium foliar application is optimal, as their effects do not differ greatly.

The Appropriation of Wiki in a Higher Blended Learning Course

2010 ◽  
pp. 208-230
Author(s):  
Beatriz Fainholc
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Educational Innovation ◽  
Student Comprehension ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Course ◽  
The University ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge ◽  
Collaborative Knowledge Construction

This chapter introduces the description of wiki appropriation. It considers the tool inclusion in an online educational innovation, supported in student and group-centered learning approach, to improve the quality of the blended learning offered. It states that the university course of educational technology, through wiki application as an appropriated methodology, beyond its consideration as a Web 2.0 tool, gives the opportunity to enhance the student protagonism into the deepening of the conceptual field of the subject by a collaborative knowledge construction. The evidence shows that the application worth to develop the learning strategies towards the student comprehension and its social skills in universities contexts. The results shows that the transformation of reactive attitudes into creative ones is a long process of change mediated by emotions and metacognitive work. Both facilitate a change of the students’ focus, perspectives, and mentalities, understandable by the help of collective learning, among diverse variables.

scholarly journals Endophytic bacteria and plant immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Maksimov ◽  
M. Yu. Shein ◽  
R. M. Khairullin
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Development Strategy

Diseases annually cause significant crop losses and reduced quality of agricultural products. The development strategy of new environmentally friendly plant protection products should consider the role of the microbiome in host defense.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Phytoiatry, a New Approach in Crop Protection

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Marcello Iriti ◽  
Elena Maria Varoni
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
First Time

In the past decades, the scientific quality of biomedical studies has been hierarchically depicted in the well-known pyramid of evidence-based medicine (EBM), with higher and higher levels of evidence moving from the base to the top. Such an approach is missing in the modern crop protection and, therefore, we introduce, for the first time, this novel concept of evidence-based phytoiatry in this field. This editorial is not a guideline on plant protection products (PPP) registration, but rather a scientific and technical support for researchers involved in the general area of plant pathology, providing them with evidence-based information useful to design critically new studies.

Protein and wet gluten contents in winter wheat grain samples

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hegedűs ◽  
Z. Szentpétery ◽  
K. Kassai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Protein Versus

The milling and baking quality of wheat is mainly determined by the genetic basis, but may also be influenced by management techniques. Series of winter wheat varieties were examined under identical agronomic conditions in the experimental years of 1996-2001. Weed control, the rate and application time of nitrogen top dressing, the use of insecticide and fungicide and the climate of the production year were evaluated as main factors. In the present study two major characteristics: the protein and gluten content of grain samples, were examined. The effect of nitrogen fertilization proved to have the strongest impact on both quality indexes. no significant quality differences were induced by the various means of weed control. Plant protection treatments had a rather diverse effect on the contents of the protein and gluten in certain years. The protein and gluten values were correlated in all the experimental treatments, but the level of the correlation showed considerable variation. The effect of crop year proved to be the strongest, followed by fertilization, from among the quality-determining factors. The protein versus gluten correlation was also found to be the closest in the case of nitrogen top dressing applications.

Weed control in minor crops in Spain after adoption of European regulation 1107/2009/EC and directive 2009/128/EC

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Santín-Montanyá ◽  
AP Fernández-Getino ◽  
JL Alonso-Prados
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Regulation

Vegetable crops have become a source of great economic importance to many countries, particularly Spain. Crops should be protected from weeds in their early stages of development to prevent yield loss. It must be noted that there are limited registered herbicides for minor regional horticultural crops that generate little commercial interest. In this article, we discuss the implementation of European Regulation (Directive on Sustainable Use of Pesticides 2009/128/EC) in National Action Plans regarding horticultural minor use crops and the use of plant protection products with reference to evidence from Spain. The Spanish National Action Plan for the Sustainable Use of Plant Protection Products was implemented in 2012 by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment. Studies of the critical period of competition for weed control are a key component to help in developing a clear scheme that can be used for the design of effective integrated weed management programs. We highlight the urgent need for research and investigation into these areas and specifically ‘minor use’ crops due to the significant reduction of active substances approved in the European Union.

scholarly journals 189 Interventions for Reduction of Sporeforming Bacteria at Farm Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
Andreia Bianchini
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Condensed Milk ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Of Nebraska Lincoln ◽  
The University ◽  
Fluid Milk

Abstract Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp. are sporeforming bacteria with the ability to survive the pasteurization process due to their spore structure. These bacteria can produce different enzymes that negatively affect the quality of dairy products, reducing the shelf-life of fluid milk and limiting the market for powdered milk. Therefore, the control of sporeformers is crucial to improve the quality of fluid products and to reach specific international powder markets thus benefiting the US dairy industry. In this presentation an overview of sporeformers associated with the supply chain (fluid, condensed milk and dry powder) will be presented along with potential interventions that may be applied at the farm level to control these microorganisms. It has been previously reported that effective cleaning of teats, changes in bedding material, and CIP procedures could be potential interventions to decrease sporeformers in milk. Additionally, the type of sanitizers (i.e. iodine or chlorine based) used in the parlor could have an effect in this microbial population. These potential interventions have been the subject of research at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln, with some of the interventions showing to be successful in improving the quality of raw milk. This presentation will provide a brief overview of spore research done at UNL in the last five years, along with results obtained so far from interventions at farm level to reduce sporeforming bacteria in raw fluid milk.

scholarly journals ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF CONTROL OF LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN DISTANCE LEARNING MODE: WAYS TO ELIMINATE THE PROBLEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (78) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
A.P. Zhuravlev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Quality Of Control ◽  
Quality Of Learning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
The University ◽  
Stated Problem

The article deals with the issue of improving the quality of learning a foreign language, namely the ways to eliminate the problems that occur during teaching the subject in distance learning mode. By means of the Ishikawa diagram the basic groups of factors that affect the quality of learning a foreign language specifically in distance learning mode are figured out. After that the factors that cannot be affected directly by a teacher are excluded from consideration. The remaining factors are carefully considered in order to find which one of them is the best in terms of neutralizing the stated problem. A number of modern methods of teaching foreign languages is analyzed; as the result, a range of indicative tasks for qualitative control of learning a foreign language is proposed, with basic features of distance learning taken into account. In conclusion it is pointed out that the proposed tasks can be used by the university tutors to enhance the quality of control of learning a foreign language in distance learning mode.

scholarly journals EVALUACIÓN DE ASIGNATURAS DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LOS ESTUDIANTES EN PROGRAMAS DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR A DISTANCIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Jensy Campos-Céspedes ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez-Araya
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
Educación A Distancia ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University

El propósito de este artículo  es compartir  los resultados de una experiencia evaluativa realizada en una asignatura  de investigación de la Cátedra de Investigación Educativa de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) de Costa Rica. En el estudio participaron 126 estudiantes de los diferentes centros universitarios de la universidad y se basó en la aplicación de un cuestionario autoadministrado  mediante el cual el estudiantado valoró la calidad de la asignatura desde los diferentes aspectos que lo componen. Los resultados se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas utilizando el software spss. La evaluación concluyó que la valoración general que los estudiantes hacen de la asignatura es satisfactoria. No obstante, se detectan aspecto relacionados especialmente con  los materiales que indican la necesidad realizar modificaciones de la asignatura para lograr un mejoramiento en términos de fortalecer los procesos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.Palabras clave: Evaluación; calidad; Educación a distancia; opinión de estudiantesAbstratThe purpose of this article is to share the results of an evaluative experience conducted in a subject of investigation by the Educational Research Chair of the Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) of Costa Rica. The study involved 126 students from different colleges of the university and was based on the application of a selfadministered questionnaire in which the students assessed the quality of the course from different aspects that comprise it. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS. The evaluation concluded that the overall assessment made by students of the subject is satisfactory. However, looks are detected especially related materials indicating the need for modifications of the subject to achieve an improvement in terms of strengthening the processes of student learning.Keywords: Assessment ; Quality; Distance Education; Student’s Opinion

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF PLANTS AS A FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON THE QUALITY OF GRAIN OF WHEAT

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Kekalo ◽  
V. V. Nemchenko ◽  
A. S. Philippov ◽  
N. Yu. Zargaryan ◽  
T. A. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Positive Effect

The article analyzes data on the effect of fungicidal and herbicidal preparations on grain quality and productivity of spring wheat. Timely and high-quality use of plant protection products from harmful organisms can improve not only the productivity of spring wheat, but often the quality of grain. In the years of mass spread of aerogenic infections, the use of fungicides in wheat crops can increase the protein content of the grain, as the leaves are longer and more productive photosynthesize. Under these conditions, the increase of the content of gluten on the use of systemic multi-component fungicide in the phase of the flag leaf was 3 %, in case of moderate development of disease was 2.4 %. The yield of flour increased by 5-7 %, and in some years there was an improvement in baking evaluation from satisfactory on the control variant to good on the variant with using a system fungicide. Correlation dependence of disease development and gluten content in grain was characterized as very strong and very strong inverse (r=0.88-0.98). In years with the strong development of leaf spots and the defeat of straw linear rust requires double use of fungicides to preserve the crop and grain quality. Long-term tests of post-emergence herbicides have shown that the use of these drugs in the framework of the regulations of their use did not worsen the quality of spring wheat grain, but also a significant stable positive effect on this indicator was not observed.

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