Induction of parthenocarpy in watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) cultivars by gamma irradiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Moussa ◽  
A. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Egg Cell ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Seedless Fruit ◽  
Seedless Watermelon ◽  
Empty Seeds

It was found that diploid seedless watermelon can be produced by pollination with partially functional pollen which was irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 600 and 800 Gray (Gy). The diploid seedless fruit was very similar to normal fruit in days to maturity from pollination and rate of fruit set. The number of empty seeds in the diploid seedless fruit varied for the cultivars used in this study. No correlation was found between the number of empty seeds in seedless fruit and the number of normal seeds in normal fruit. Also, the results indicated that seedless watermelon cultivars have a significant increase in total sugar and carotenoids (lycopene and β-carotene) content, providing an important source of phytonutrients in the diet. The pollen tube of pollen irradiated with gamma radiation penetrated normally into the synergid and sperm cells were discharged. Subsequently, the egg nucleus and sperm nucleus became attached to each other in the egg cell and a globular embryo was formed. However, the embryo failed to differentiate into organ tissues and degenerated. It was suggested that seedless fruit induced by gamma rays had a beneficial effect in increasing the quantity and quality of watermelon yield via increases in the carotenoid, total sugar content and fruit weight. Also, in some cultivars there was a tendency for the thickness of the rind to decrease.

scholarly journals Retention of Nutritional Quality of Solar Dried Carrot (Daucus carota L.) During Storage

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-362
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
G Kibria ◽  
QR Karim ◽  
SA Khanom ◽  
L Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Rehydration Ratio ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Total Sugar Content

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is a root crop. It belongs to the umbelliferae family. Carrot contains the highest amount of carotene among all the fruits and vegetables which the body converts to vitamin-A. Carrot was dried in a solar drier and packed in polyethylene bags, heat sealed and kept in tin container at ambient temperature for 8 (eight) months. Moisture, reducing sugar, total sugar, starch, protein, fat, vitamin-C, ß-carotene content, energy value and reconstitution time of the product were analysed during its storage period at the interval of 2 months. The initial nutrient of fresh carrot and solar dried carrot for the above parameters were analysed. During the storage period protein, starch and total sugar content decreased slightly, vitamin-C decreased remarkably, â-carotene content decreased very slowly and moisture content increased gradually. Sensory properties such as appearance, colour, flavour, texture, taste and physical parameters such as over-all shrinkage ratio, drying ratio, rehydration ratio of the product were also assessed. By assessing all the parameters it is revealed that the product is acceptable for 6 (Six) months. Key words: Carrot; Solar drying; Storage behaviour; Physical parameters; Nutrients DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i4.7381 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(4), 359-362, 2010

scholarly journals No Effect of Seed Presence or Absence on Sugar Content and Water Status of Seeded and Seedless Watermelon Fruits

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
Sachiko Kawamura ◽  
Kyoko Ida ◽  
Masako Osawa ◽  
Takashi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Irradiated Pollen ◽  
Seedless Fruits ◽  
Seedless Watermelon ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Osmotic Potentials ◽  
Days After Anthesis

We investigated physiological differences in watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai] fruits among seeded diploid and seedless triploid fruits, N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU)–treated seedless fruits, and soft-X–irradiated pollen-pollinated seedless fruits to investigate the effect of the presence or absence of seeds on water relations and sugar content. We picked fruits at 20 and 40 days after anthesis and sampled flesh at the center, around the seeds, and near the pericarp to measure water status and sugar content. There were no significant differences between seeded and seedless cultivars in sugar contents or in water and osmotic potentials of the flesh, although the latter two were decreased at 40 days. CPPU and soft-X–irradiated pollen eliminated mature seeds, but there were again no significant differences in sugar contents or water status between seeded and seedless fruits. Thus, the presence or absence of seeds did not influence the sugar content or osmotic pressure in watermelon fruit, so sugar accumulation was not related to seeds.

scholarly journals Organic matter and moringa leaf extract’s effects on the physiology and fruit quality of red seedless watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Dalorima ◽  
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker ◽  
Abd Jamil Zakaria ◽  
Khamsah Suryati Mohd ◽  
Mohammad Hailmi Sajili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Seedless Watermelon

This study was designed to assess the effects of different types of organic matter on the quality and biochemical properties of red seedless watermelon. The research was a single factor experiment, which involved six (6) treatments and four (4) replications. Watermelon grown and harvested from five (5) different organic matter sources, namely; vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM), cow dung (CD),  goat dung (GD),  and moringa leaf extract (MLE), at the rates of 10 ton, 20 ton, 30 ton, 30 ton, and 3000 L ha-1, respectively, were used in this study. The results revealed that the treatment of vermicompost improved the chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal conductance, internal carbon dioxide, net photosynthetic rate, fruit weight and mineral nutrient content of watermelon. The application of cow dung reduced the rind thickness and increased the TSS and antioxidant activity of the watermelon.  The goat dung treatment significantly affected fruit size, juice content and the pH content of the watermelon’s fruit juice. The poultry manure (PM) and moringa extract (MLE) treatments resulted in the highest anthocyanin content of all the watermelon. Although all the organic matter, in their unique ways, improved the quality of red seedless watermelon, the study shows that the vermicompost application had better growth, yield and improvement in the quality of watermelon.

A New Method for Producing Seedless Watermelon Seedlings

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1896-1900
Author(s):  
Xian Feng Shi ◽  
Hong Xia Zeng ◽  
Ai Cheng Li ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Mi Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
New Method ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grafting Technique ◽  
Seedless Watermelon ◽  
The Cost

A new method for producing seedless watermelon seedlings was studied in this paper. Grafting branches breeding (GBB) and grafting seedling breeding (GSB) of seedless watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai) cultivar Mi Tong was grafted onto No.1 of E-zhen, commercial hybrids. Seed breeding (SB) self-plants were used as control. The effect of different methods on watermelon fruit yield and quality was tested. The results showed that fruit yield was positively influenced by GBB when compared with the control. Detrimental effects were not determinated on fruit qualities such as fruit index, fruit weight and sugars on grafted plants. Moreover, GBB reduced the cost of producing seedless watermelon seedlings. Therefore, the grafting technique of using branches for scion was feasible, simple and efficient in the progress of seedless watermelon development.

Mid and near Infrared Study of Carbohydrates by Canonical Correlation Analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Robert ◽  
M.F. Devaux ◽  
A. Qannari ◽  
M. Safar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra

Multivariate data treatments were applied to mid and near infrared spectra of glucose, fructose and sucrose solutions in order to specify near infrared frequencies that characterise each carbohydrate. As a first step, the mid and near infrared regions were separately studied by performing Principal Component Analyses. While glucose, fructose and sucrose could be clearly identified on the similarity maps derived from the mid infrared spectra, only the total sugar content of the solutions was observed when using the near infrared region. Characteristic wavelengths of the total sugar content were found at 2118, 2270 and 2324 nm. In a second step, the mid and near infrared regions were jointly studied by a Canonical Correlation Analysis. As the assignments of frequencies are generally well known in the mid infrared region, it should be useful to study the relationships between the two infrared regions. Thus, the canonical patterns obtained from the near infrared spectra revealed wavelengths that characterised each carbohydrate. The OH and CH combination bands were observed at: 2088 and 2332 nm for glucose, 2134 and 2252 nm for fructose, 2058 and 2278 nm for sucrose. Although a precise assignment of the near infrared bands to chemical groups within the molecules was not possible, the present work showed that near infrared spectra of carbohydrates presented specific features.

scholarly journals Measurement of Total Sugar Content of Residue from Bioenergy Pig Excreta in Marsh-Gas Sinks

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 9421-9422 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Peng ◽  
E.V. Davis ◽  
L.X. Wang ◽  
C.W. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Content

scholarly journals Irrigation and fertigation frequencies with nitrogen in the watermelon culture

Bragantia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Newdmar Vieira Fernandes ◽  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Joaquim Raimundo Nascimento Neto ◽  
Thales Vinícius de Araújo Viana ◽  
Geocleber Gomes de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Polar Diameter

This study evaluates the influence of different irrigation frequencies and different nitrogen fertigation frequencies on the growth performance of the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) culture. Two experiments were conducted at the Paraguay farm in the Cruz municipality, Ceará, Brazil. They was randomized blocks design with six treatments and four replications. The irrigation frequency experiment consisted of the application of different irrigation frequencies. The treatments were: DM - daily irrigation in the morning with 100% daily dosage; DT - daily irrigation in the afternoon, with 100% daily dosage; DMT - twice daily irrigation, with 50% daily dosage in the morning and 50% daily dosage in the afternoon; 2D - irrigation every two days; 3D - irrigation every three days and 4D - irrigation every four days. To the experiment with different nitrogen fertigation frequencies, the treatments used were: 2F - 2 fertigations in a cycle; 4F - 4 fertigations in a cycle; 8F - 8 fertigations in a cycle; 16F - 16 fertigations in a cycle; 32F - 32 fertigations in a cycle and 64F - 64 fertigations in a cycle. We evaluated the marketable yield (PC), fruit weight (M), polar diameter (DP), equatorial diameter (DE), shell thickness (EC) and soluble solids (SS). The irrigation frequency treatments influenced all variables significantly, with twice daily irrigation (DMT, 50% in the morning and the 50% in the afternoon) promoting the highest productivity (69.79 t ha-1). The different frequencies of fertigation also significantly influenced all variables, except for the shell thickness, the highest yield (80.69 t ha-1) being obtained with treatment 64 fertigations in a cycle.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ASAP CAIR ALANG-ALANG (Imperata cylindrica) SEBAGAI PENGAWET TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BUAH PISANG MAKAU (Musa spp.)

AGROINTEK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Dian Fitriarni ◽  
Rafika Ayuni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Liquid Smoke

<em>Research on the utilization of liquid smoke especially for preservation of fruit has been done and become one of alternative methods that can be used to maintain fruit shelf life. Liquid smoke raw materials can come from a variety of sources one of which comes from the Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica). This study aims to determine the ability of liquid smoke made from  alang-alang as a preservative of bananas and to know the effect on the characteristics of bananas. The sample used in this research is a local banana known as Pisang Makau (Musa spp). This research uses experimental method with 7 days of storage time. Initial stages of the research are cleaning the fruit, dyeing, drying, and storage at room temperature. This research uses liquid smoke from alang-alang by using 2 various concentrations 50% and 100%. The next stage is the analysis of the characteristics of bananas such as color, fruit texture, fruit weight, sugar content, and vitamin C levels. Based on the analysis results obtained by Pisang Makau with the treatment of liquid has a longer shelf life than the control. Based on the results of the analysis of the shelf life of fruit treated with liquid smoke decreased levels of sugar and vitamin C levels. Percentage decrease levels of sugar and vitamin C between the fruit with the treatment and control not much different. This shows that liquid smoke from alang-alang has the ability to retain the shelf life of bananas without affecting sugar and vitamin C levels in bananas in this case for Pisang Makau. Levels of sugar and vitamin C in bananas decreased during the process of storage and bunding of fruit</em>

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SUGAR CONTENT, TOTAL ACID, PH, AND GANDARIA FRUIT WATER LEVELS (BOUEA MACROPHYLLA GRIIFF) IN DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS IN AMBON ISLAND (AN ANALYSIS OF MALUKU ENDEMIC PLANTS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Pamella Mercy Papilaya
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Acid Ph ◽  
Acidity Level

Gandaria plant grows with tree habitus with a height of up to 27 m Spread of gandaria plants in Maluku, generally on Ambon Island and Saparua on Ambon Island, gandaria plants are spread from the coast to the hills. This study aims to determine the quality of sugar content, total acid, pH, water content and production of gandaria fruit (Bouea macrophylla Griff) in different geographical conditions on the island of Ambon using a purposive sampling method and laboratory analysis. The results showed that at an altitude of 0-400 asl with a production of 654 kg, 400-700 asl with a production of 681 kg and an altitude of 700-1100 asl producing 925 kg and the height of the place also affected the quality of gandaria with an average total sugar of 12.69%, content water 80.18%, acidity level 6.81% and pH 3. It was concluded that the higher the altitude of the place will affect the production and quality of gandaria fruit (Bouea macrophylla Griff).

scholarly journals FREQUÊNCIA DA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO FOSFATADA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DA CULTURA DA MELANCIA

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Benito Moreira de Azevedo ◽  
Carlos Newdmar Vieira Fernandes ◽  
Joaquim Raimundo do Nascimento Neto ◽  
Thales Vinícius De Araújo Viana ◽  
Denise Vieira Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Polar Diameter ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Caixa Postal ◽  
Culture Productivity

FREQUÊNCIA DA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO FOSFATADA NA PRODUTIVIDADE DA CULTURA DA MELANCIA BENITO MOREIRA DE AZEVEDO1; CARLOS NEWDMAR VIEIRA FERNANDES2; JOAQUIM RAIMUNDO DO NASCIMENTO NETO3; THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA1; DENISE VIEIRA VASCONCELOS3 E CHRISLENE NOJOSA DIAS FERNANDES3 [1]Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, CCA/UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n, Bloco 804. Caixa Postal 12.168, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, 60.455 970, [email protected], [email protected] Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará (IFCE), Campus Iguatu, Rodovia CE-060, Cajazeiras 63503-790 – Iguatu, CE, Brasil. [email protected] de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, CCA/UFC, Av. Mister Hull, s/n, Bloco 804. Caixa Postal 12.168, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil, 60.455 970, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]  1 RESUMO A melancia (Citrullus lanatus) tem grande importância socioeconômica para o Nordeste brasileiro, onde o cultivo sob irrigação vem crescendo e permitindo ao produtor ofertar frutos de melhor qualidade. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de frequências de fertirrigação fosfatada nos componentes de produção e produtividade da melancia. O delineamento adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso constituído por seis tratamentos, referentes a seis frequências de fertirrigação com fósforo, sendo: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 e 64 fertirrigações no ciclo e quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: produtividade comercial; massa média do fruto; diâmetro polar; diâmetro equatorial; espessura da casca e teor de sólidos solúveis. O aumento da frequência de fertirrigação fosfatada proporcionou um melhor desempenho da cultura da melancia. As variáveis produtividade comercial e espessura da casca foram influenciadas significativamente pelas frequências de fertirrigação com fósforo, tendo as mesmas apresentado resposta linear. A frequência de fertirrigação fosfatada de 64 fertirrigações no ciclo de cultivo proporcionou a maior produtividade da melancia. Palavras-chave: Citrullus lanatus; quimigação; ácido fosfórico; adubação fosfatada.  AZEVEDO, B. M. de; FERNANDES, C. N. V.; NASCIMENTO NETO, J. R. do; VIANA, T. V. de A.; VASCONCELOS, D. V.; FERNANDES, C. N. D.FREQUENCY OF FERTIRRIGATION WITH PHOSPHATE IN WATERMELON CULTURE PRODUCTIVITY  2 ABSTRACT Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is of great socioeconomic importance for the Brazilian Northeast, where crop under irrigation has increased and allowed the producer to offer the best quality fruits. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of frequency of fertirrigation with phosphate  components on watermelon production and productivity. The study design was a randomized block consisting of six treatments, referring to six frequencies of fertirrigation with phosphorus, as follows: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 in fertigation cycle and four replications. The variables analyzed were: commercial productivity; fruit weight; polar diameter; equatorial diameter; shell thickness and soluble solids. The increased frequency of phosphorus fertirrigation provided a better performance of the watermelon crop. The variables commercial productivity and shell thickness were significantly influenced by the frequencies of fertirrigation with phosphorus, and presented the same linear response. The 64 frequency of phosphorus fertirrigation  of the crop cycle provided the greatest productivity of watermelon. Keywords: Citrullus lanatus; chemigation; phosphoric acid; phosphate fertilization.

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