Organic matter and moringa leaf extract’s effects on the physiology and fruit quality of red seedless watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

This study was designed to assess the effects of different types of organic matter on the quality and biochemical properties of red seedless watermelon. The research was a single factor experiment, which involved six (6) treatments and four (4) replications. Watermelon grown and harvested from five (5) different organic matter sources, namely; vermicompost (VC), poultry manure (PM), cow dung (CD), goat dung (GD), and moringa leaf extract (MLE), at the rates of 10 ton, 20 ton, 30 ton, 30 ton, and 3000 L ha-1, respectively, were used in this study. The results revealed that the treatment of vermicompost improved the chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal conductance, internal carbon dioxide, net photosynthetic rate, fruit weight and mineral nutrient content of watermelon. The application of cow dung reduced the rind thickness and increased the TSS and antioxidant activity of the watermelon. The goat dung treatment significantly affected fruit size, juice content and the pH content of the watermelon’s fruit juice. The poultry manure (PM) and moringa extract (MLE) treatments resulted in the highest anthocyanin content of all the watermelon. Although all the organic matter, in their unique ways, improved the quality of red seedless watermelon, the study shows that the vermicompost application had better growth, yield and improvement in the quality of watermelon.

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Different Compost Materials Used as Source of Organic Matter in Production of Chili Pepper

Akta Agrosia ◽

10.31186/aa.22.1.7-12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 7-12

Author(s):

Roy S.O. Sumbayak ◽

Merakati Handajaningsih ◽

Hartal Hartal ◽

Marwanto Marwanto

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Chili Pepper ◽

Plant Production ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Organic Growth

Compost has been commonly used as the primary organic matter in organic plant production, especially in vegetable production. Different sources of compost materials give different medium structures and chemical characteristics. The objectives of this research were: 1) to evaluate the response of growth and yield of chili pepper to a rate of compost and source of animal waste which were used as compost; 2) to determine the optimum rate of fertilizer for the highest growth and yield of chili pepper. The research was carried out from November 2015 until March 2016. Compost material treatments consisted of cow dung, empty palm oil bunches, and mixed of vegetable residue and weeds. The compost rate treatments consisted of 0 ton ha-1, 10 ton ha-1, 20 ton ha-1, and 30 ton ha-1. No interaction between the two treatments was found to influence plant growth and yield variables. The type of compost materials affected plant height of 5, 6, and7 weeks after transplanting. Cow dung as a source of compost showed the best effect in increasing chili plant height. Plant height, the number of plant dichotomous, and plant canopy responded linearly to the increase of the compost rate. The usage of compost at 20 ton ha-1 and 30 ha-1 resulted in higher fruit length, the number of fruit, and fruit weight per plant. Keywords: chili pepper, compost, organic, growth, yield

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YIELD AND QUALITY OF TRIPLOID WATERMELON HYBRIDS.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.8.859f ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 859f-859

Author(s):

Donald N. Maynard ◽

Gary W. Elmstrom

Keyword(s):

Total Yield ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

The Other ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Other Hand ◽

Seedless Watermelon ◽

Triploid Watermelon

Evaluations of 30 triploid (seedless) watermelon hybrids were conducted in the Spring 1989 season at Bradenton and Leesburg, Florida. There was considerable variation in relative cultivar yields at the two locations. However, consistency in some cultivars did occur. 'HMX 7924' produced the highest total yield and 'CFREC 88-2' had high total yields at both locations. On the other hand, 'ACX 882322', 'Fengshan No. 1', 'FMX 28', 'Fummy', 'Honeyheart', 'Nova', and 'NVH 4295' produced low total yields at both locations. Average fruit weight was high for 'Ssuper Sweet Brand 5244', 'CFREC 88-4', and 'HMX 7924' whereas 'ACX 882322', 'FMX 28', 'Fengshan No. 1', 'Nova', and 'PSR 49087' produced low average fruit weight. Soluble solids exceeded 11% in all entries at Bradenton whereas two entries were lower than 10% at Leesburg. Several experimental lines out performed the named cultivars suggesting that future introductions will be superior to those already available.

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Effect on Production and Quality of Intensifying Triploid Watermelon Crops Using ‘Temporary Trellises’ and CPPU for Fruit Development

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.43.1.149 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 149-152

Author(s):

Francisco Javier Núñez ◽

Maria Victoria Huitrón ◽

Manuel Díaz ◽

Fernando Diánez ◽

Francisco Camacho-Ferre

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Traditional System ◽

Crop Intensification ◽

Production Techniques ◽

Seedless Watermelon ◽

Triploid Watermelon ◽

Improve Cost

In Spain, the adoption of the triploide ‘Queen of Hearts’ (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) watermelon cultivar has brought important changes in the production of seedless watermelon thanks to its magnificent acceptance by the market. The experiments on triploid watermelon presented here examined innovative production techniques that would guarantee the productivity and quality of this cultivar in plastic greenhouses and improve cost-effectiveness, serving growers. Crop intensification was tested under a “temporary trellis” management system, increasing plant density from 2500 plants/ha in the traditional or creeping crop system to 10,000 plants/ha. The “temporary trellis” system was combined with fruit set through the localized application of a 150- to 200-mg·L−1 solution of 1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU). The increase of grafted watermelon plant density to 1 plant/m2 gave rise to an increase in early harvest measured as the number of fruits per surface area compared with the traditional system with a density of 0.25 plant/m2. In addition, a process of temporary trellising facilitates choosing female flowers for applying CPPU. The °Brix and pulp firmness quality parameters did not show significant differences between “temporary trellised” and creeping crops.

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Microbiological and biochemical properties of an agricultural Mexican soil amended with sewage sludge

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832012000500029 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 1646-1655 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Renato Armenta ◽

Rocio Vaca ◽

Jorge Lugo ◽

Pedro del Aguila

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Microbial Biomass ◽

Soil Microbial Biomass ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Basal Respiration ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase

The application of sewage sludge is a concern because it may affect the quality of organic matter and microbiological and biochemical soil properties. The effects of surface application of sewage sludge to an agricultural soil (at 18 and 36 t ha-1 dry basis) were assessed in one maize (Zea mays L.) growing season. The study evaluated microbial biomass, basal respiration and selected enzymatic activities (catalase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase, and β-glucosidase) 230 days after sewage sludge application and infrared spectroscopy was used to assess the quality of dissolved organic matter and humic acids. Sewage sludge applications increased the band intensity assigned to polysaccharides, carboxylic acids, amides and lignin groups in the soil. The organic matter from the sewage sludge had a significant influence on the soil microbial biomass; nevertheless, at the end of the experiment the equilibrium of the soil microbial biomass (defined as microbial metabolic quotient, qCO2) was recovered. Soil urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity were strongly influenced by sewage sludge applications.

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Foliar application of micronutrients enhances growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH ◽

10.47815/apsr.2021.10071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 286-290

Author(s):

B.M. PARMAR ◽

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Fragaria Ananassa ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Soluble Solid ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Marketable Fruit

The investigation was carried out At Navsari Agricultural University, Waghai during 2018-19 to evaluate the effect of foliar application of Zn and Fe on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Winter Dawn. The ZnSO4,7H2O and FeSO4,7H2O were used as a source for Zn and Fe, respectively and applied as foliar sprays individually (0.2 % and 0.4%) as well as in combination to the strawberry plants at 30, 60 and 75 days after planting of uniform runners. The plants which received no spraying were treated as control. The results indicated that foliar spraying of 0.4 % ZnSO4,7H2O + 0.2 %FeSO4,7H2O significantly increased the plant spread, number of leaves, number of crowns, leaf area, length of petiole, number of runners, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit weight, marketable fruit percentage, marketable and total fruit yield over control plants. However, fruits with significantly the highest total soluble solid, acidity and anthocyanin content were recorded with the foliar application of 0.4 % ZnSO4,7H2O + 0.4 % FeSO4,7H2O. However, the micronutrient treatments failed to influence any significant effect on days taken to 50.0 % flowering, fruit firmness and acidity content of the strawberry fruits. All the parameters were recorded minimum in plants which received no spraying.

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Effect of 2,4-D and CPPU on Triploid Watermelon Production and Quality

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.42.3.559 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 559-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Maria Victoria Huitrón ◽

Manuel Diaz ◽

Fernando Diánez ◽

Francisco Camacho ◽

Antonio Valverde

Keyword(s):

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Cucurbita Moschata ◽

Average Production ◽

Pollinating Insects ◽

Seedless Watermelon ◽

Triploid Watermelon ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Pollination is one problem with intensive seedless watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) production under unfavorable environmental conditions (low solar radiation and temperature) due to the lowered activity of pollinating insects, such as the bee (Apis mellifera L.). An alternative to overcome these problems is the use of plant growth regulators. For this reason, experiments were conducted for 2 years in plastic greenhouses in the fields of Almeria, southwestern Spain, to evaluate the production and quality of ‘Reina de corazones’ triploid watermelon grafted onto RS841 rootstock (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata). Two phytoregulators were used for the development of the ovary: 1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Concentrations of CPPU evaluated were 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg·L−1. An application of 0.6 mL was applied to each ovary in addition to 4, 6, 8, or 12 mg·L−1 of 2,4-D to the foliar mass at a proportion of 1000 L·ha−1. Results showed that the production and number of fruit obtained with CPPU treatments were similar to what is obtained by using bees for fruit pollination. Maximum production was reached at concentrations of 100–200 mg·L−1. Average production was 32% to 83% higher than results from 2,4-D at 8 mg·L−1. The number of fruit per plant was 33% to 35% higher as well. In the first assay, a positive correlation was also observed between production and CPPU concentration. CPPU treatments had a lower accumulation of sugars than those with 2,4-D; nevertheless, both treatments showed values of commercially acceptable soluble solids.

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Vermicomposting of Vegetable Wastes Using Cow Dung

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2008/572431 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 810-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K. Muthukumaravel ◽

A. Amsath ◽

M. Sukumaran

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Solid Wastes ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Municipal Solid Wastes ◽

Vegetable Wastes ◽

Land Filling ◽

Plastic Trays

Municipal solid wastes are mainly from domestic and commercial areas containing recyclable toxic substances, compostable organic matter and others. With rapid increase in population, the generation of municipal solid wastes has increased several folds during last few years. Disposal of solid wastes can be done by methods like land filling, incineration, recycling, conversion into biogas, disposal into sea and composting. Vermicomposting is one of the recycling technologies which will improve the quality of the products. The present study aims to find out the possibility of utilization of vegetable wastes for vermiculture. EarthwormMegascolex mauritiicultured in plastic trays (45 x 30 x 30 cm) containing soil alone (control) (T1), soil + cow dung (T2), soil + vegetable waste (T3) and soil + vegetable waste + cow dung (T4) for 60 days. Nutrient values were determined from the compost and compared with that of the control. From these results, it was found that NPK values were maximum in compost obtained from vegetable waste with the use of cow dung.

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Induction of parthenocarpy in watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) cultivars by gamma irradiation

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.57.2009.2.5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 137-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Moussa ◽

A. Salem

Keyword(s):

Gamma Rays ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Total Sugar ◽

Egg Cell ◽

Carotene Content ◽

Seedless Fruit ◽

Seedless Watermelon ◽

Empty Seeds

It was found that diploid seedless watermelon can be produced by pollination with partially functional pollen which was irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 600 and 800 Gray (Gy). The diploid seedless fruit was very similar to normal fruit in days to maturity from pollination and rate of fruit set. The number of empty seeds in the diploid seedless fruit varied for the cultivars used in this study. No correlation was found between the number of empty seeds in seedless fruit and the number of normal seeds in normal fruit. Also, the results indicated that seedless watermelon cultivars have a significant increase in total sugar and carotenoids (lycopene and β-carotene) content, providing an important source of phytonutrients in the diet. The pollen tube of pollen irradiated with gamma radiation penetrated normally into the synergid and sperm cells were discharged. Subsequently, the egg nucleus and sperm nucleus became attached to each other in the egg cell and a globular embryo was formed. However, the embryo failed to differentiate into organ tissues and degenerated. It was suggested that seedless fruit induced by gamma rays had a beneficial effect in increasing the quantity and quality of watermelon yield via increases in the carotenoid, total sugar content and fruit weight. Also, in some cultivars there was a tendency for the thickness of the rind to decrease.

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Seed Yield and Quality of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as Influenced by Nitrogen from Organic and Chemical Sources

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v13i1.26554 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 109-118

Author(s):

Amina Khatun ◽

Hasina Sultana ◽

A B M Jamiul Islam ◽

Md Sultan Uddin Bhuiya ◽

Md Abu Saleque

Keyword(s):

Seed Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Seed Yields

A field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) experimental farm during boro season of 2010-11 to determine the effect of nitrogen from organic and chemical sources on rice seed yield and quality. Six treatments- (i) N-control, ii) Optimum dose of nitrogen (164 kg N ha-1) from urea, iii) 50% N from urea and 50% N from CD (cow dung), iv) 50% N from urea and 50% N from PM (poultry manure), v) 100% N from CD and vi) 100% N from PM were compared. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Two boro varieties BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 were used as test crops. The urea + PM treatment gave similar seed yields to that of urea in both the varieties. The PM treatment gave similar seed yield to that of urea + PM in BRRI dhan28, but BRRI dhan29 gave significantly lower seed yield in PM than the urea + PM. Sole cowdung or poultry manure application produced significantly lower seed yield than urea + PM treatment and sole urea application. The application of N from cowdung and poultry manure had no effect on rice seed quality as compared to that obtained with urea.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(1) 109-118

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Response of strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa Duch.) to PGPR inoculation

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v49i4.52541 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 1071-1076

Author(s):

Anuradha ◽

RK Goyal ◽

SS Sindhu

Keyword(s):

Growth Yield ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Fragaria Ananassa ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Effective Technology ◽

Chemical Characters

Investigation was carried out to study the effect of Pseudomonas strains on growth, yield and quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. The growth yield and quality of fruits were significantly influenced by various Pseudomonas strains. Root inoculations with selected bacteria significantly increased yield per plant (1.00 - 26.89%) and average fruit weight (0.64 - 11.89%) compared to control. Regarding various physico-chemical characters, viz. TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid and anthocyanin content of fruits, inoculation of Pseudomonas strain CP109 exhibited significantly enhanced values. The results indicated that inoculation with Pseudomonas strains could be an ecofriendly and cost-effective technology for improving the growth, yield and quality of strawberry.

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