Morphological evaluation of canine platelets on Giemsa- and PAS-stained blood smears

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóra Halmay ◽  
P. Sótonyi ◽  
P. Vajdovich ◽  
T. Gaál
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Giant Platelets ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Blood Smears

The morphology of canine platelets (changes in size, shape, staining characteristics, degree of activation and clump formation, distribution of granules, appearance of vacuoles on Giemsa-stained smears) was investigated in 20 healthy control and 181 diseased dogs. In the group of the sick dogs 84 animals suffered from disorders affecting directly the haematological parameters or the haematopoietic organs such as bleeding, thymic haemorrhage, haemolytic disorders, lymphoma, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, and other 97 dogs were affected by other diseases (hepatopathy, nephropathy, hepatic, splenic or intestinal neoplasm, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus, Cushing'ssyndrome, sepsis). The alterations found in platelet morphology were not specific for any disorder. The most common platelet abnormalities were polychromasia and the presence of giant platelets. These changes occurred in a high number in disorders accompanied by bleeding or haemolysis. Anisocytosis was the most frequent finding in hepatic, splenic or intestinal neoplasms and in certain endocrinopathies. Microcytosis was observed in immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, hepatic neoplasms and endocrine disorders. Extreme platelet activation was common in haemolysis, hepatopathies, neoplastic diseases and sepsis. Vacuolisation was present in thymic haemorrhage, pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus and Cushing's syndrome. A new morphologic phenomenon, i.e. a ring-like formation of granules, was described in the cytoplasm of the platelets both in healthy and diseased animals. In addition, two forms of pathologic granulation were also described for the first time in Giemsa-stained blood smears: the pseudonuclear and the spot-like formation of granules, which were observed especially in disorders affecting the blood cells. The granulation and morphological characteristics of platelets on smears stained by periodic acid-Schiff reaction (PAS) were also studied. Three localisations of granulation were observed, such as peripheral, eccentric and diffuse. The ratio of PAS-positive and -negative platelets was evaluated in several diseases. Our findings support the diagnostic value of platelet evaluation by light microscopy and help clinicians/clinical pathologists to understand why morphologic changes of thrombocytes might be expected in several diseases.

scholarly journals Candida Chorioamnionitis in Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Report of Two Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7450
Author(s):  
Elia Shazniza Shaaya ◽  
Siti Atiqah Abdul Halim ◽  
Ka Wen Leong ◽  
Kevin Boon Ping Ku ◽  
Pei Shan Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methenamine Silver

Background:Candida chorioamnionitis is rarely encountered, even though vulvovaginal candidiasis incidence is about 15%. Interestingly, it has characteristic gross and histological findings on the umbilical cord that are not to be missed. Case Report: We report two cases of Candida chorioamnionitis with presence of multiple yellowish and red spots of the surface of the umbilical cord. Microscopically, these consist of microabscesses with evidence of fungal yeasts and pseudohyphae. The yeasts and pseudohyphae were highlighted by periodic acid– Schiff and Grocott methenamine silver histochemical stains. Both cases were associated with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Discussion: Peripheral funisitis is a characteristic feature of Candida chorioamnionitis. It is associated with high risk of adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes, such as preterm delivery, stillbirth and neonatal death. We recommend careful examination of the umbilical cord of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Platelet membrane studies in the May-Hegglin anomaly

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
BS Coller ◽  
MH Zarrabi
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Surface Glycoprotein ◽  
Galactose Oxidase ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Giant Platelets ◽  
Total Sialic Acid ◽  
Bernard Soulier Syndrome

Abstract Since studies of the giant platelets in the Bernard-Soulier syndrome have shown decreased electrophoretic mobility, decreased sialic acid, and an abnormality in a membrane glycoprotein, we performed similar studies on the giant platelets from two patients with the May-Hegglin anomaly. The patients' platelet electrophoretic mobilities did not differ from control. Although the total sialic acid contents of the patients' platelets were greater than control when calculated per platelet, they were very similar to control when normalized for differences in platelet volume and surface area. When platelet proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis there were no differences between the glycoproteins of control and patient platelets as judged by the patterns of periodic acid Schiff staining and fluorescein-labeled concanavalin A binding. Similarly, patterns of surface glycoprotein labeling by neuraminidase/galactose oxidase/KB3H4 were identical. We conclude that unlike the giant platelets in the Bernard-Soulier syndrome, those of the May-Hegglin anomaly are not associated with a membrane abnormality detectable by these techniques.

Feline Pituitary Adenomas: Correlation of Histologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics With Clinical Findings and Case Outcome

2020 ◽  
pp. 030098582097830
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Miller ◽  
Stacey L. Piotrowski ◽  
Taryn A. Donovan ◽  
J. Catharine Scott-Moncrieff ◽  
Tina J. Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Study Results

Pituitary glands from 141 feline autopsy cases were reviewed histologically. Adenoma and hyperplasia were the most common lesions at 13 cases each. Pituitary adenoma was more likely than hyperplasia to be associated with clinical evidence of endocrinopathy or an intracranial mass ( P < .001). A histochemical and immunohistochemical panel was applied to 44 autopsy- or hypophysectomy-derived pituitary adenomas in 43 cats from 2 diagnostic laboratories. Adenomas were differentiated from hyperplasia by the presence of disrupted reticulin fibers. One cat had a double (somatotroph and melanotroph) adenoma. Twenty somatotroph adenomas consisted of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-negative acidophils that expressed growth hormone; 16/20 had hypersomatotropism; 17/20 had diabetes mellitus. Eleven melanotroph adenomas consisted of PAS-positive basophils or chromophobes that expressed melanocyte-stimulating and adrenocorticotrophic hormones; 5/11 had hypercortisolism; 6/11 had diabetes mellitus. Eleven gonadotroph adenomas consisted of PAS-negative chromophobes that expressed follicle-stimulating and/or luteinizing hormones. Two thyrotroph adenomas consisted of PAS-negative basophils or chromophobes that expressed thyroid-stimulating hormone. Pituitary-dependent disease was not recognized in cats with gonadotroph or thyrotroph adenomas. The Ki-67 proliferation index in hypophysectomy specimens was lower in somatotroph than in melanotroph adenomas. Fourteen cats with hypophysectomy-treated somatotroph or melanotroph adenoma had an 899-day median survival time versus 173 days in 17 nonsurgical cases. After adjusting for age, adenoma size and type, hypophysectomized cats had an overall better survival time than nonsurgical cases ( P = .029). The study results underscore the value of hypophysectomy and trophic hormone immunohistochemistry in the treatment and classification of feline pituitary adenomas.

Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and steroid hepatopathy in a cat

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Schaer ◽  
PE Ginn
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Iatrogenic Cushing’S Syndrome

The distinguishing clinical features of Cushing's syndrome in the cat include very friable skin, a high incidence of diabetes mellitus, and the general absence of steroid hepatopathy. This case report describes a nine-year-old, spayed female domestic shorthair with triamcinolone-induced Cushing's syndrome. Unique to this cat were markedly elevated liver enzymes which prompted an expanded clinical evaluation. An ultrasonographic-guided liver biopsy demonstrated diffuse hepatocellular vacuolation that stained periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive and was removed subsequently with diastase application, indicating glycogen accumulation. These findings are compatible with the rarely seen syndrome of steroid hepatopathy in the cat.

Morphology of the Cricopharyngeal Muscle in Zenker and Control Specimens

2002 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Schulze ◽  
Susan K. Danielson ◽  
John S. Rhee ◽  
Robert J. Toohill ◽  
Judith I. Kulpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Zenker’S Diverticulum ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Cricopharyngeal Muscle ◽  
Zenker's Diverticulum ◽  
Fresh Cadaver

The cricopharyngeal muscle (CPM) is essential for normal deglutition. Pharyngeal dysphagia commonly results from impaired or uncoordinated CPM dilation. Dysfunction of the CPM has also been implicated in the genesis of Zenker's (pharyngoesophageal) diverticulum. Despite the CPM's significance, little is understood about its morphology. We studied CPM biopsy specimens from 20 patients with Zenker's diverticulum and from 5 fresh cadaver patients with detailed histologic techniques to include fiber size and shape and adenosine triphosphatase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, trichrome, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome C oxidase, periodic acid-Schiff reaction, oil red O, acid phosphatase, Congo red, crystal violet, and monoadenylate deaminase stains. The normal CPM has unique morphological characteristics, with some myofibers having staining properties that are a hybrid between striated muscle and muscle spindle. The variable orientation of the muscle fibers is also different from that of most other striated musculature. Of the 20 Zenker CPM specimens, 4 specimens did not reveal any significant differences from controls (2 of which had insufficient amounts of tissue for complete analysis). In the remaining 16 specimens, several abnormalities existed, including excessive size variation (16/16), grouping of atrophic fibers (9/16), target or targetoid formations (4/16), cores (2/16), and ragged red fibers (2/16). The final pathological pattern of the 16 specimens was neurogenic in 7, myopathic in 4, and mixed (with neurogenic predominance) in the remaining 5. Two specimens contained significant lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrates. We conclude that the unique neuromuscular function of the CPM in deglutition is likely due to its fiber orientation and the hybrid nature of some of the myofibers. Morphological disturbances of the CPM impair its dilation and may account for the development of Zenker's diverticulum. This disturbance is most often due to progressive denervation of the CPM.

scholarly journals Absence of the 145000 Molecular Weight, Soluble Platelet Glycoprotein - Lack of Platelet Agglutination

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.O. Solum ◽  
I. Hagen ◽  
M. Peterka ◽  
T. Gjemdal
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Subcellular Fractionation ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Giant Platelets

The agglutination of human platelets by bovine factor VIII related protein has been studied in relation to the presence or absence of the 145ooo molecular weight, soluble platelet glycoprotein (GPS) using the presence of a granule-located glycoprotein as a positive control. GPS is found in the soluble fraction after subcellular fractionation of platelet homogenates on sucrose density gradients, and is probably identical to the soluble membrane protein glycocalicin The granule and the soluble glycoproteins separate into two bands on SDS-polyacrylamide gels both in reduced and unreduced samples when the gels contain urea and EDTA and are stained with periodic acid-Schiff reagent (PAS). A concomitant loss, or specific elution, of GPS and loss of agglutination was observed when platelets were stored in Tris-buffered saline, pH 7.4 (TS)at 4°C for 7 days, or when freshly prepared platelets were frozen and thawed when suspended in TS. When suspended in an EDTA-containing buffer during freezing and thawing, the resulting platelet ghosts still contained GPS and still agglutinated. The soluble fraction obtained by subcellular fractionation of giant platelets(Bernard-Soulier)did not show any PAS bands, whereas soluble fraction of these platelets prepared by freezing and thawing in TS clearly showed the presence of the granule protein but not the GPS band. The data indicate an association between GPS and the agglutination phenomenon.

scholarly journals Cystadenocarcinoma simulating hemangiosarcoma of the salivary gland in dog: case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-578
Author(s):  
C.O. Gamba ◽  
K.A. Damasceno ◽  
C.B. Campos ◽  
E. Ferreira ◽  
G.D. Cassali
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Pas Staining

Cystadenocarcinoma is regarded as a rare adenocarcinoma variant in animals. This work reports the case of an 8-year-old female Poodle dog with salivary gland cystadenocarcinoma with morphological characteristics similar to a hemangiosarcoma. Histopathological analysis showed a tumor mass with cystic formations containing a large amount of red blood cells. In order to distinguish these two entities, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining and immunohistochemical analysis were carried out with the use of cytokeratin AE1/AE3 (CK) and CD31-specific antibodies. Neoplastic cells were PAS-negative, CK-positive and CD31-negative confirming their epithelial origin. Based on the findings, the diagnosis of high grade cystadenocarcinoma was established.

Diagnostic value of fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues of fungal disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Shao ◽  
Yinggai Song ◽  
Yabin Zhou ◽  
Zhe Wan ◽  
Ruoyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Fungal Disease ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Ffpe Tissues ◽  
Tissue Specimens ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Abstract Common histopathologic techniques are used to diagnose fungal infections, but the diagnostic identification of mycoses in tissue specimens is often difficult, particularly when fungi rarely occur in a specimen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining to formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. We studied 79 archival FFPE tissues from patients diagnosed with fungal disease, including 38 cases of sporotrichosis and 41 cases of other fungal infections. The tissue sections were subjected to periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, Gomori's methenamine silver (GMS) staining, and fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining to detect fungal elements. Culture- and/or hematoxylin-eosin-positive samples were used to estimate the diagnostic sensitivity of each staining method, with the results showing that PAS, GMS, and fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining had sensitivities of 50.6, 70.9, and 68.4%, respectively. The three staining results were the same for all fungal infections except for sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis. Fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining exhibited high sensitivity in cases of sporotrichosis and poor performance in detecting muriform cells of chromoblastomycosis. On the whole, the sensitivity of fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining was greater than that of PAS and similar to that of GMS staining. Therefore, the results of our study suggest that fluorescein-labeled chitinase staining is a potentially useful diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of fungal infections.

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