Morpho-physiological and Molecular Variability in Salt Tolerant and Susceptible Popular Cultivars and their Derivatives at Seedling Stage and Potential Parental Combinations in Breeding for Salt Tolerance in Rice

A cross was made between high yielding salt susceptible BINA variety (Binadhan-5) with salt tolerant rice landrace (Harkuch) to identify salt tolerant rice lines. Thirty six F3 rice lines of Binadhan-5 x Harkuch were tested for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in hydroponic system using nutrient solution. In F3 population, six lines were found as salt tolerant and 10 lines were moderately tolerant based on phenotypic screening at the seedling stage. Twelve SSR markers were used for parental survey and among them three polymorphic SSR markers viz., OSR34, RM443 and RM169 were selected to evaluate 26 F3 rice lines for salt tolerance. With respect to marker OSR34, 15 lines were identified as salt tolerant, 9 lines were susceptible and 2 lines were heterozygous. While RM443 identified 3 tolerant, 14 susceptible and 9 heterozygous rice lines. Eight tolerant, 11 susceptible and 7 heterozygous lines were identified with the marker RM169. Thus the tested markers could be efficiently used for tagging salt tolerant genes in marker-assisted breeding programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16929 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 57 - 65, 2008

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Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Asparagus Germplasm Accessions (Asparagus officinalis L.) at Different Growth Stages

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2021/6626112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Huimin Gao ◽

Xuhong Zhang ◽

Yuqin Liang ◽

Lingdi Dong ◽

Changzhi Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Adult Stage ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Asparagus Officinalis ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Aboveground Part ◽

The Mean ◽

Germplasm Accessions ◽

Germination Stage

The screening and cultivation of salt-tolerant crops are becoming more and more important owing to the constant increase in the saline soil area worldwide. Asparagus (A. officinalis L.) is a highly nutritious vegetable crop and widely consumed globally for a long time; however, little research has been done on asparagus. In this study, the salt tolerance of 95 asparagus germplasm accessions was evaluated at three growth stages (germination, seedling, and adult stages) under both salt-stressed and control conditions. Results showed that the growth parameters of most germplasm accessions were obviously inhibited by salt stress. The mean value of the seed germination rate at the germination stage decreased by half under salt-stressed conditions, the mean salt-injury index at the seedling stage reached 57.68%, and the fresh weight of the aboveground part (FWA) and the dry weight of the aboveground part (DWA) decreased the most among the traits determined at the adult stage by more than 60%. Our study screened out 30, 19, and 18 tolerant germplasm accessions (including highly salt-tolerant and salt-tolerant germplasm accessions) at the germination stage, seedling stage, and adult stage, respectively. Among them, two germplasm accessions (Ji08-2 and Jx1502) were simultaneously identified to be tolerant in all three growth stages, while other germplasm accessions were tolerant only at one or two stages. Thus, the salt tolerance of asparagus has periodic characteristics and changes throughout the lifecycle, and the identification of salt tolerance at all the main growth stages facilitates adequate assessment and application of tolerant germplasm accessions.

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Effects of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v43i2.21672 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 191-196

Author(s):

Ensieh Ashrafi ◽

Morteza Zahedi ◽

Jamshid Razmjoo

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Antioxidative Enzymes ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Mda Content ◽

Medicago Sativa L

The effect of salt stress on enzyme activities of nine alfalfa cultivars at germination and seedling stage was studied. The activities of SOD, GR, POX and APOX were higher in salt tolerant and lower in salt sensitive cultivars. Results of the effect of salt stress on the SOD, GR, POX, APOX activities and MDA content may be used to select salt tolerance cultivars at the germination and seedling stages. SOD, GR, POX, APOX and MDA may play an important role in salt tolerant mechanisms in alfalfa. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i2.21672 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(2): 191-196, 2014 (September)

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Genomic and transcriptomic analysis reveal molecular basis of salinity tolerance in a novel strong salt-tolerant rice landrace Changmaogu

Rice ◽

10.1186/s12284-019-0360-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bing-Rui Sun ◽

Chong-Yun Fu ◽

Zhi-Lan Fan ◽

Yu Chen ◽

Wen-Feng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Transcriptomic Sequencing ◽

Rice Landrace

Abstract Background Salt stress is an important factor that limits rice yield. We identified a novel, strongly salt tolerant rice landrace called Changmaogu (CMG) collected from a coastal beach of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. The salt tolerance of CMG was much better than that of the international recognized salt tolerant rice cultivar Pokkali in the germination and seedling stages. Results To understand the molecular basis of salt tolerance in CMG, we performed BSA-seq for two extreme bulks derived from the cross between CMG and a cultivar sensitive to salt, Zhefu802. Transcriptomic sequencing was conducted for CMG at the germination and young seedling stages. Six candidate regions for salt tolerance were mapped on Chromosome 1 by BSA-seq using the extreme populations. Based on the polymorphisms identified between both parents, we detected 32 genes containing nonsynonymous coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and frameshift mutations in the open reading frame (ORF) regions. With transcriptomic sequencing, we detected a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the germination and seedling stages under salt stress. KEGG analysis indicated two of 69 DEGs shared at the germination and seedling stages were significantly enriched in the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis. Of the 169 overlapping DEGs among three sample points at the seedling stage, 13 and six DEGs were clustered into the pathways of ABA signal transduction and carotenoid biosynthesis, respectively. Of the 32 genes carrying sequence variation, only OsPP2C8 (Os01g0656200) was differentially expressed in the young seedling stage under salt stress and also showed sequence polymorphism in the ORFs between CMG and Zhefu802. Conclusion OsPP2C8 was identified as the target candidate gene for salinity tolerance in the seedling stage. This provides an important genetic resource for the breeding of novel salt tolerant rice cultivars.

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A Simple and Cost-effective Approach for Salt Tolerance Evaluation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Seedlings

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14065-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 1280-1287

Author(s):

Waltram Ravelombola ◽

Jun Qin ◽

Yuejin Weng ◽

Beiquan Mou ◽

Ainong Shi

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Plant Height ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Leaf Injury

Little has been done with respect to breeding for salt-tolerant cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivars despite of salt stress being a growing threat to cowpea production. Seedling stage is one the most susceptible stages to salt stress in cowpea. Establishing a streamlined methodology for rapidly screening a large number of genotypes will significantly contribute toward enhancing cowpea breeding for salt tolerance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish and validate a simple approach for salt tolerance evaluation in cowpea seedlings. A total of 30 genotypes including two controls (PI582468, a salt-tolerant genotype, and PI255774, a salt-sensitive genotype) were greenhouse-grown under 0 mm and 200 mm NaCl. A total of 14 above-ground traits were evaluated. Results revealed: (1) significant differences were observed in average number of dead plants per pot, leaf injury scores, relative salt tolerance (RST) for chlorophyll, plant height, and leaf and stem biomass among the 30 genotypes; (2) all PI255774 plants were completely dead, whereas those of PI582438 were fully green after 2 weeks of salt stress, which validated this methodology; (3) RST for chlorophyll content was highly correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores; (4) RST for leaf biomass was moderately correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores; and (5) RST in plant height was poorly correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores Therefore, less number of dead plants per pot, high chlorophyll content, and less leaf injury scores were good criteria for salt tolerance evaluation in cowpea. This study provided a simple methodology and suggested straightforward criteria to evaluate salt tolerance at seedling stage in cowpea.

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Comparative Transcriptional Profiling of Two Contrasting Barley Genotypes under Salinity Stress during the Seedling Stage

International Journal of Genomics ◽

10.1155/2013/972852 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Runhong Gao ◽

Ke Duan ◽

Guimei Guo ◽

Zhizhao Du ◽

Zhiwei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Transcriptional Profiling ◽

Compatible Solutes ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Mechanisms Of Salt Tolerance ◽

Tolerant Genotype

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect crop productivity. Identification of the potential novel genes responsible for salt tolerance in barley will contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism of barley responses to salt stress. We compared changes in transcriptome between Hua 11 (a salt-tolerant genotype) and Hua 30 (a salt sensitive genotype) in response to salt stress at the seedling stage using barley cDNA microarrays. In total, 557 and 247 salt-responsive genes were expressed exclusively in the shoot and root tissue of the salt-tolerant genotype, respectively. Among these genes, a number of signal-related genes, transcription factors and compatible solutes were identified and some of these genes were carefully discussed. Notably, a LysM RLK was firstly found involved in salt stress response. Moreover, key enzymes in the pathways of jasmonic acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and indole-3-acetic acid homeostasis were specifically affected by salt stress in salt tolerance genotype. These salt-responsive genes and biochemical pathways identified in this study could provide further information for understanding the mechanisms of salt tolerance in barley.

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Variable Effects of Silicon on Salt Tolerant Indices in Rice Genotypes at Seedling Stage

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i2830937 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 43-55

Author(s):

Rinny Swain ◽

Surabhika Panda ◽

Gyana Ranjan Rout

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Principal Component ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Silicon Accumulation ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Tolerance Indices

Silicon (Si) is known to improve salt tolerance in rice. However, the correlation of silicon with different physiological and biochemical indices of salt tolerance is not properly understood. Two rice genotypes with different silicon accumulation ability were evaluated along with two standard checks in response to 10 dS/m salinity stress (NaCl) and external Si source (1mM) during their seedling stage. All evaluated genotypes showed an evident decrease in biomass and chlorophyll content under salinity stress, while reporting an enhances in Si accumulation, Na+/K+ ratio, proline, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, and antioxidant activities. The external Si supplementation significantly improved rice tolerance to salinity through increased Si content, low Na+/K+ ratio, better osmolyte production, reduced membrane permeability, and improved antioxidant enzyme activities. Multivariate factor analysis with principal component factor statistically correlates and visualizes silicon accumulation with salt tolerance indices. The Hierarchical clustering in rice obtained based on the study of salt tolerance indices, distinguishes genotypes with different treatments into three clusters. In conclusion, the clustering grouped salt-tolerant Var.Lunishree and salt stress high silicon accumulating Var.Swarna together validates silicon mitigating effect on salinity in rice.

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Genetic Potential for Salt Tolerance During Germination in Lycopersicon Species

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.32.2.296 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 296-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

M.R. Foolad ◽

G.Y. Lin

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Wild Accession ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Plant Introductions ◽

Genetic Potential ◽

Stress Levels

Seed of 42 wild accessions (Plant Introductions) of Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium Jusl., 11 cultigens (cultivated accessions) of L. esculentum Mill., and three control genotypes [LA716 (a salt-tolerant wild accession of L. pennellii Corr.), PI 174263 (a salt-tolerant cultigen), and UCT5 (a salt-sensitive breeding line)] were evaluated for germination in either 0 mm (control) or 100 mm synthetic sea salt (SSS, Na+/Ca2+ molar ratio equal to 5). Germination time increased in response to salt-stress in all genotypes, however, genotypic variation was observed. One accession of L. pimpinellifolium, LA1578, germinated as rapidly as LA716, and both germinated more rapidly than any other genotype under salt-stress. Ten accessions of L. pimpinellifolium germinated more rapidly than PI 174263 and 35 accessions germinated more rapidly than UCT5 under salt-stress. The results indicate a strong genetic potential for salt tolerance during germination within L. pimpinellifolium. Across genotypes, germination under salt-stress was positively correlated (r = 0.62, P < 0.01) with germination in the control treatment. The stability of germination response at diverse salt-stress levels was determined by evaluating germination of a subset of wild, cultivated accessions and the three control genotypes at 75, 150, and 200 mm SSS. Seeds that germinated rapidly at 75 mm also germinated rapidly at 150 mm salt. A strong correlation (r = 0.90, P < 0.01) existed between the speed of germination at these two salt-stress levels. At 200 mm salt, most accessions (76%) did not reach 50% germination by 38 days, demonstrating limited genetic potential within Lycopersicon for salt tolerance during germination at this high salinity.

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Evaluation of salinity tolerance indices in North African barley accessions at reproductive stage

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/50/2017-cjgpb ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dorsaf Allel ◽

Anis BenAmar ◽

Mounawer Badri ◽

Chedly Abdelly

Keyword(s):

Salt Tolerance ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Selection Criteria ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

North African ◽

Grain Number ◽

Selection Indices

Soil salinity is one of the main factors limiting cereal productivity in worldwide agriculture. Exploitation of natural variation in local barley germplasm is an effective approach to overcome yield losses. Three gene pools of North African Hordeum vulgare L. grown in Tunisia, Algeria and Egypt were evaluated at the reproductive stage under control and saline conditions. Assessment of stress tolerance was monitored using morphological, yield-related traits and phenological parameters of reproductive organs showing significant genetic variation. High heritability and positive relationships were found suggesting that some traits associated with salt tolerance could be used as selection criteria. The phenotypic correlations revealed that vegetative traits including shoot biomass, tiller number and leaf number along with yield-related traits such as spike number, one spike dry weight, grain number/plant and grain number/spike were highly positively correlated with grain yield under saline conditions. Hence, these traits can be used as reliable selection criteria to improve barley grain yield. Keeping a higher shoot biomass and longer heading and maturity periods as well as privileged filling ability might contribute to higher grain production in barley and thus could be potential target traits in barley crop breeding toward improvement of salinity tolerance. Multiple selection indices revealed that salt tolerance trait index provided a better discrimination of barley landraces allowing selection of highly salt-tolerant and highly productive genotypes under severe salinity level. Effective evaluation of salt tolerance requires an integration of selection indices to successfully identify and characterize salt tolerant lines required for valuable exploitation in the management of salt-affected areas.

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