Effects of salt stress on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars

The effect of salt stress on enzyme activities of nine alfalfa cultivars at germination and seedling stage was studied. The activities of SOD, GR, POX and APOX were higher in salt tolerant and lower in salt sensitive cultivars. Results of the effect of salt stress on the SOD, GR, POX, APOX activities and MDA content may be used to select salt tolerance cultivars at the germination and seedling stages. SOD, GR, POX, APOX and MDA may play an important role in salt tolerant mechanisms in alfalfa. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i2.21672 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(2): 191-196, 2014 (September)

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Melatonin Application Improves Salt Tolerance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9020220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 220 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Huifang Cen ◽

Tingting Wang ◽

Huayue Liu ◽

Danyang Tian ◽

Yunwei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Salt Resistance ◽

Primary Role ◽

Waterlogging Tolerance ◽

Alfalfa Seed ◽

Mda Content ◽

Medicago Sativa L

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important and widely cultivated forage grass. The productivity and forage quality of alfalfa are severely affected by salt stress. Melatonin is a bioactive molecule with versatile physiological functions and plays important roles in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Melatonin has been proven efficient in improving alfalfa drought and waterlogging tolerance in recent studies. In our reports, we applied melatonin exogenously to explore the effects of melatonin on alfalfa growth and salt resistance. The results demonstrated that melatonin application promoted alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth, and reduced oxidative damage under salt stress. Further application research found that melatonin alleviated salt injury in alfalfa plants under salt stress. The electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and H2O2 content were significantly reduced, and the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) were increased with melatonin pretreatment compared to control plants under salt stress with the upregulation of genes related to melatonin and antioxidant enzymes biosynthesis. Melatonin was also involved in reducing Na+ accumulation in alfalfa plants. Our study indicates that melatonin plays a primary role as an antioxidant in scavenging H2O2 and enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes to improve the salt tolerance of alfalfa plants.

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Genomic and transcriptomic analysis reveal molecular basis of salinity tolerance in a novel strong salt-tolerant rice landrace Changmaogu

Rice ◽

10.1186/s12284-019-0360-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bing-Rui Sun ◽

Chong-Yun Fu ◽

Zhi-Lan Fan ◽

Yu Chen ◽

Wen-Feng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Salinity Tolerance ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Transcriptomic Sequencing ◽

Rice Landrace

Abstract Background Salt stress is an important factor that limits rice yield. We identified a novel, strongly salt tolerant rice landrace called Changmaogu (CMG) collected from a coastal beach of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China. The salt tolerance of CMG was much better than that of the international recognized salt tolerant rice cultivar Pokkali in the germination and seedling stages. Results To understand the molecular basis of salt tolerance in CMG, we performed BSA-seq for two extreme bulks derived from the cross between CMG and a cultivar sensitive to salt, Zhefu802. Transcriptomic sequencing was conducted for CMG at the germination and young seedling stages. Six candidate regions for salt tolerance were mapped on Chromosome 1 by BSA-seq using the extreme populations. Based on the polymorphisms identified between both parents, we detected 32 genes containing nonsynonymous coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and frameshift mutations in the open reading frame (ORF) regions. With transcriptomic sequencing, we detected a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the germination and seedling stages under salt stress. KEGG analysis indicated two of 69 DEGs shared at the germination and seedling stages were significantly enriched in the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis. Of the 169 overlapping DEGs among three sample points at the seedling stage, 13 and six DEGs were clustered into the pathways of ABA signal transduction and carotenoid biosynthesis, respectively. Of the 32 genes carrying sequence variation, only OsPP2C8 (Os01g0656200) was differentially expressed in the young seedling stage under salt stress and also showed sequence polymorphism in the ORFs between CMG and Zhefu802. Conclusion OsPP2C8 was identified as the target candidate gene for salinity tolerance in the seedling stage. This provides an important genetic resource for the breeding of novel salt tolerant rice cultivars.

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Effect of salt stress on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive maize genotypes

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.01.008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 87-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 402

Author(s):

André Dias de Azevedo Neto ◽

José Tarquinio Prisco ◽

Joaquim Enéas-Filho ◽

Carlos Eduardo Braga de Abreu ◽

Enéas Gomes-Filho

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Antioxidative Enzymes ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Leaves And Roots

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A Simple and Cost-effective Approach for Salt Tolerance Evaluation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Seedlings

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14065-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 1280-1287

Author(s):

Waltram Ravelombola ◽

Jun Qin ◽

Yuejin Weng ◽

Beiquan Mou ◽

Ainong Shi

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Plant Height ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Leaf Injury

Little has been done with respect to breeding for salt-tolerant cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivars despite of salt stress being a growing threat to cowpea production. Seedling stage is one the most susceptible stages to salt stress in cowpea. Establishing a streamlined methodology for rapidly screening a large number of genotypes will significantly contribute toward enhancing cowpea breeding for salt tolerance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish and validate a simple approach for salt tolerance evaluation in cowpea seedlings. A total of 30 genotypes including two controls (PI582468, a salt-tolerant genotype, and PI255774, a salt-sensitive genotype) were greenhouse-grown under 0 mm and 200 mm NaCl. A total of 14 above-ground traits were evaluated. Results revealed: (1) significant differences were observed in average number of dead plants per pot, leaf injury scores, relative salt tolerance (RST) for chlorophyll, plant height, and leaf and stem biomass among the 30 genotypes; (2) all PI255774 plants were completely dead, whereas those of PI582438 were fully green after 2 weeks of salt stress, which validated this methodology; (3) RST for chlorophyll content was highly correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores; (4) RST for leaf biomass was moderately correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores; and (5) RST in plant height was poorly correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores Therefore, less number of dead plants per pot, high chlorophyll content, and less leaf injury scores were good criteria for salt tolerance evaluation in cowpea. This study provided a simple methodology and suggested straightforward criteria to evaluate salt tolerance at seedling stage in cowpea.

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Differential responses of antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation to salt stress in salt-tolerant Plantago maritima and salt-sensitive Plantago media

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.00970.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 131 (3) ◽

pp. 399-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 186

Author(s):

Aşkım Hediye Sekmen ◽

İsmail Türkan ◽

Susumu Takio

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Antioxidative Enzymes ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Plantago Media ◽

Differential Responses

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Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Responses to Salt Stress in Alfalfa: A Review

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10040577 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 577 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Surendra Bhattarai ◽

Dilip Biswas ◽

Yong-Bi Fu ◽

Bill Biligetu

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Genomic Selection ◽

Genetic Improvement ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Forage Crop ◽

Medicago Sativa L ◽

Genetic Responses ◽

Synchrotron Beamlines

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important legume forage crop. However, its genetic improvement for salt tolerance is challenging, as alfalfa’s response to salt stress is genetically and physiologically complex. A review was made to update the knowledge of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and genetic responses of alfalfa plants to salt stress, and to discuss the potential of applying modern plant technologies to enhance alfalfa salt-resistant breeding, including genomic selection, RNA-Seq analysis, and cutting-edge Synchrotron beamlines. It is clear that alfalfa salt tolerance can be better characterized, genes conditioning salt tolerance be identified, and new marker-based tools be developed to accelerate alfalfa breeding for salt tolerance.

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Seedling Growth and Transcriptional Responses to Salt Shock and Stress in Medicago sativa L., Medicago arborea L., and Their Hybrid (Alborea)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy8100231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 231 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eleni Tani ◽

Efi Sarri ◽

Maria Goufa ◽

Georgia Asimakopoulou ◽

Maria Psychogiou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Low Dose ◽

Control Cell ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Transcriptional Responses ◽

Salt Shock ◽

Medicago Arborea ◽

Medicago Sativa L

Salinity is a major limiting factor in crop productivity worldwide. Medicago sativa L. is an important fodder crop, broadly cultivated in different environments, and it is moderately tolerant of salinity. Medicago arborea L. is considered a stress-tolerant species and could be an important genetic resource for the improvement of M. sativa’s salt tolerance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the seedling response of M. sativa, M. arborea, and their hybrid (Alborea) to salt shock and salt stress treatments. Salt treatments were applied as follows: salt stress treatment at low dose (50 mM NaCl), gradual acclimatization at 50–100 and 50–100–150 mM NaCl, and two salt shock treatments at 100 and 150 mM NaCl. Growth rates were evaluated in addition to transcriptional profiles of representative genes that control salt uptake and transport (NHX1 and RCI2A), have an osmotic function (P5CS1), and participate in signaling pathways and control cell growth and leaf function (SIMKK, ZFN, and AP2/EREB). Results showed that the studied population of M. sativa and M. arborea performed equally well under salt stress, whereas that of M. sativa performed better under salt shock. The productivity of the studied population of Alborea exceeded that of its parents under normal conditions. Nevertheless, Alborea was extremely sensitive to all initial salt treatments except the low dose (50 mM NaCl). In addition, significantly higher expression levels of all the studied genes were observed in the population of M. arborea under both salt shock and salt stress. On the other hand, in the population of M. sativa, NHX1, P5CS1, and AP2/EREB were highly upregulated under salt shock but to a lesser extent under salt stress. Thus, the populations of M. sativa and M. arborea appear to regulate different components of salt tolerance mechanisms. Knowledge of the different parental mechanisms of salt tolerance could be important when incorporating both mechanisms in Alborea populations.

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Comparative Transcriptional Profiling of Two Contrasting Barley Genotypes under Salinity Stress during the Seedling Stage

International Journal of Genomics ◽

10.1155/2013/972852 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Runhong Gao ◽

Ke Duan ◽

Guimei Guo ◽

Zhizhao Du ◽

Zhiwei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Transcriptional Profiling ◽

Compatible Solutes ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Mechanisms Of Salt Tolerance ◽

Tolerant Genotype

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect crop productivity. Identification of the potential novel genes responsible for salt tolerance in barley will contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism of barley responses to salt stress. We compared changes in transcriptome between Hua 11 (a salt-tolerant genotype) and Hua 30 (a salt sensitive genotype) in response to salt stress at the seedling stage using barley cDNA microarrays. In total, 557 and 247 salt-responsive genes were expressed exclusively in the shoot and root tissue of the salt-tolerant genotype, respectively. Among these genes, a number of signal-related genes, transcription factors and compatible solutes were identified and some of these genes were carefully discussed. Notably, a LysM RLK was firstly found involved in salt stress response. Moreover, key enzymes in the pathways of jasmonic acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and indole-3-acetic acid homeostasis were specifically affected by salt stress in salt tolerance genotype. These salt-responsive genes and biochemical pathways identified in this study could provide further information for understanding the mechanisms of salt tolerance in barley.

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