Connection between Moisture Content and Electrical Parameters of Apple Slices during Drying

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Mészáros ◽  
Eszter Vozáry ◽  
David B. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Apple Slices ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Lcr Meter

Generally the drying process of fruits is followed by weight loss. The weight loss characterizes only the global moisture content of fruits and does not give information about the inner state of tissue. Electrical impedance spectroscopy of biological tissues shows ab-dispersion band that is associated with membrane structures and is sensitive to their integrity and functionality. The aim of this study was to measure the impedance spectra of apple slices during drying and to correlate impedance parameters to moisture content in the different drying periods. The electrical impedance spectra of apple slices were determined during drying by an HP 4284A Precision LCR Meter in frequency range from 30 Hz up to 1 MHz. The measured spectra were approximated by Cole-impedance elements. Parameter values for the fitted curves that characterized the state of drying tissue showed good correlation with the moisture content calculated from weight loss in the two falling-rate drying periods.

scholarly journals Relationship between moisture content and electrical impedance of carrot slices during drying

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ákos Kertész ◽  
Zuzana Hlaváčová ◽  
Eszter Vozáry ◽  
Lenka Staroňová
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Precision Balance

Abstract Electrical properties of food materials can give information about the inner structure and physiological state of biological tissues. Generally, the process of drying of fruits and vegetables is followed by weight loss. The aim of this study was to measure the impedance spectra of carrot slices during drying and to correlate impedance parameters to moisture content in different drying periods. Cylindrical slices were cut out from the carrot root along the axis. The slices were dried in a Venticell 111 air oven at 50°C. The weight of the slices was measured with a Denver SI-603 electronic analytical and precision balance. The weighing of the samples was performed every 30 min at the beginning of drying and every 60 min after the process. The moisture content of the samples was calculated on wet basis. The magnitude and phase angle of electrical impedance of the slices were measured with HP 4284A and 4285A precision LCR meters in the frequency range from 30 Hz to 1 MHz and from 75 kHz to 30 MHz, respectively, at voltage 1 V. The impedance measurement was performed after weighting. The change in the magnitude of impedance during drying showed a good correlation with the change in the moisture content.

scholarly journals A LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) for biological tissue impedance analysis and equivalent circuit modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
Nagaraju Jampana ◽  
Gilles Lubineau
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Circuit Element ◽  
Tissue Impedance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Impedance Parameters

Abstract Under an alternating electrical signal, biological tissues produce a complex electrical bioimpedance that is a function of tissue composition and applied signal frequencies. By studying the bioimpedance spectra of biological tissues over a wide range of frequencies, we can noninvasively probe the physiological properties of these tissues to detect possible pathological conditions. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can provide the spectra that are needed to calculate impedance parameters within a wide range of frequencies. Before impedance parameters can be calculated and tissue information extracted, impedance spectra should be processed and analyzed by a dedicated software program. National Instruments (NI) Inc. offers LabVIEW, a fast, portable, robust, user-friendly platform for designing data-analyzing software. We developed a LabVIEW-based electrical bioimpedance spectroscopic data interpreter (LEBISDI) to analyze the electrical impedance spectra for tissue characterization in medical, biomedical and biological applications. Here, we test, calibrate and evaluate the performance of LEBISDI on the impedance data obtained from simulation studies as well as the practical EIS experimentations conducted on electronic circuit element combinations and the biological tissue samples. We analyze the Nyquist plots obtained from the EIS measurements and compare the equivalent circuit parameters calculated by LEBISDI with the corresponding original circuit parameters to assess the accuracy of the program developed. Calibration studies show that LEBISDI not only interpreted the simulated and circuit-element data accurately, but also successfully interpreted tissues impedance data and estimated the capacitive and resistive components produced by the compositions biological cells. Finally, LEBISDI efficiently calculated and analyzed variation in bioimpedance parameters of different tissue compositions, health and temperatures. LEBISDI can also be used for human tissue impedance analysis for electrical impedance-based tissue characterization, health analysis and disease diagnosis.

scholarly journals Electrical impedance spectroscopy in relation to seed viability and moisture content in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Repo ◽  
D.H. Paine ◽  
A.G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Impedance Spectrum ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Viable Seeds

A method, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is introduced to study seed viability non-destructively. Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds were studied by EIS to determine the most sensitive EIS parameter(s) and the optimal range of moisture content (MC) for separation of viable and non-viable seeds. Hydrated seeds exhibited two impedance arcs in the complex plane at the frequency range from 60 Hz to 8 MHz, and impedance spectra of viable and non-viable seeds differed. The hydrated seeds were best-modelled by an equivalent electrical circuit with two distributed circuit elements in series with a resistor (Voigt model). Moisture content and seed viability had strong effects on the EIS parameters. The most sensitive EIS parameters for detecting the differences between viable and non-viable seeds were the capacitance log(C2), the resistance R2, the resistance ratio R2/R1 and the apex ratio, which all represent specific features of the impedance spectrum. The highest differentiation in the EIS parameters between the viable and non-viable seeds occurred in partially imbibed seeds between MC of 40 and 45% (fresh weight basis).

Micro-Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Particle Detection

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Hsueh-Chia Chang
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Particle Manipulation ◽  
Particle Detection ◽  
Ac Electrokinetics ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity

Microfludic devices with integrated electrical detection will enable fast, low-cost or portable sensing and processing of biological and chemical samples. As an inherent property of microfabrication, micro-electrical impedance spectroscopy detectors can take advantage of AC electrokinetics for particle manipulation, leading to enhanced sensitivity. Preliminary experiments on particle detection were carried out using microelectrode pairs, and impedance spectra are compared with respect to opposite effects of dielectrophoresis and electrode polarization. The values of cell equivalent circuit are extracted for electrode optimization.

scholarly journals Fatigue-Induced Cole Electrical Impedance Model Changes of Biceps Tissue Bioimpedance

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Freeborn ◽  
Bo Fu
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Order ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Impedance Model ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Fractional Order Circuits

Bioimpedance, or the electrical impedance of biological tissues, describes the passive electrical properties of these materials. To simplify bioimpedance datasets, fractional-order equivalent circuit presentations are often used, with the Cole-impedance model being one of the most widely used fractional-order circuits for this purpose. In this work, bioimpedance measurements from 10 kHz to 100 kHz were collected from participants biceps tissues immediately prior and immediately post completion of a fatiguing exercise protocol. The Cole-impedance parameters that best fit these datasets were determined using numerical optimization procedures, with relative errors of within approximately ± 0.5 % and ± 2 % for the simulated resistance and reactance compared to the experimental data. Comparison between the pre and post fatigue Cole-impedance parameters shows that the R ∞ , R 1 , and f p components exhibited statistically significant mean differences as a result of the fatigue induced changes in the study participants.

Characterizing Moisture Content and Gradients in Pinus radiata Soft Wood Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry C. Chilcott ◽  
Dewi Halimanto ◽  
Tim A. G. Langrish ◽  
John M. Kavanagh ◽  
Hans G. L. Coster
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

Measurement of Moisture Content and Detection of Fungi on Brown Rice using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (12) ◽  
pp. 630-635
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Ando ◽  
Tsutomu Fujita ◽  
Naomi Amari ◽  
Tadashi Ebihara ◽  
Koichi Mizutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy

The effect of moisture content on electrical impedance spectroscopy response of natural fibre-polymer composite granules

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Tomppo ◽  
Markku Tiitta ◽  
Reijo Lappalainen
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
On Line ◽  
Eis Measurements ◽  
Composite Granules

Two types of natural fibre-polymer composite (NFPC) granules were measured with electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The granules were immersed in water for 70 h, after which the excess water was removed and EIS measurements were conducted. Then, the granules were let dry in open containers at normal room temperature, and EIS measurements were repeated at increasing time intervals. The results show that the EIS response as a function of moisture content (MC) depends on the fibre content of the NFPC. In addition, the results indicate that the EIS could be used for the estimation of MC of certain type of granulate, especially at low MCs, which is relevant for the manufacturing of NFPCs. For single material type, a model with impedance modulus at a single frequency was able to predict 87–95% of the MC variation. Therefore, EIS as a non-destructive on-line technique would allow the evaluation of moisture in NFPC granules.

scholarly journals Towards optimization of plant cell detection in suspensions using impedance-based analyses and the unified equivalent circuit model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kian Kadan-Jamal ◽  
Aakash Jog ◽  
Marios Sophocleous ◽  
Julius Georgiou ◽  
Adi Avni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Circuit Model ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectra

AbstractAn improved approach for comparative study of plant cells for long term and continuous monitoring using electrical impedance spectroscopy is demonstrated for tomato and tobacco plant cells (MSK8 and BY2) in suspensions. This approach is based on the locations and magnitudes of defining features in the impedance spectra of the recently reported unified equivalent circuit model. The ultra-wide range (4 Hz to 20 GHz) impedance spectra of the cell lines were measured using custom probes, and were analyzed using the unified equivalent circuit model, highlighting significant negative phase peaks in the ~ 1 kHz to ~ 10 MHz range. These peaks differ between the tomato and tobacco cells, and since they can be easily defined, they can potentially be used as the signal for differentiating between different cell cultures or monitoring them over time. These findings were further analysed, showing that ratios relating the resistances of the media and the resistance of the cells define the sensitivity of the method, thus affecting its selectivity. It was further shown that cell agglomeration is also an important factor in the impedance modeling in addition to the overall cell concentration. These results can be used for optimizing and calibrating electrical impedance spectroscopy-based sensors for long term monitoring of cell lines in suspension for a given specific cell and media types.

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