Properties of Indium Molybdenum Oxide Films Fabricated Via High-Density Plasma Evaporation at Room Temperature

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Yao Sun ◽  
Jow-Lay Huang ◽  
Ding-Fwu Lii
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Molybdenum Oxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Average Optical Transmittance ◽  
Density Plasma

The goal of this study was to determine the scattering mechanisms and investigate the optoelectronic properties of indium molybdenum oxide (IMO) films. IMO films were deposited from an In2O3/MoO3 target with a weight ratio of 99/1, 95/5 and 90/10 via high-density plasma evaporation at room temperature. Based on the structural, electrical and optical properties, this study proposed that the neutral complex [(2Mo‧In)Oi″]x dominated at high doping content and high oxygen content, whereas ionized complex Mo‧‧‧In Oi″]‧ dominated at low doping level or low oxygen content. Uniform 99/1 IMO films with minimum resistivity of 3.56 × 10−4 Ω cm (corresponding to a mobility of 14.6 cm2V−1s−1 and carrier concentration of 14.3 × 1020 cm−3) and average visible transmittance of ∼85% were produced at an optimum oxygen content of ∼9%. Average optical transmittance exceeding 80% was demonstrated, and a structural change appeared at low oxygen contents.

Gallium zinc oxide coated polymeric substrates for optoelectronic applications

2003 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fortunato ◽  
A. Gonçalves ◽  
A. Marques ◽  
V. Assunção ◽  
I. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Polyethylene Naphthalate ◽  
Good Adhesion ◽  
Polymeric Surface ◽  
Visible Part ◽  
Average Optical Transmittance ◽  
Optical Stability ◽  
Polymeric Substrates

AbstractHighly transparent and conductive ZnO:Ga thin films were produced by rf magnetron sputtering at room temperature on polyethylene naphthalate substrates. The films present a good electrical and optical stability, surface uniformity and a very good adhesion to the polymeric substrates. The lowest resistivity obtained was 5×10-4 Ωcm with a sheet resistance of 15 Ω/sqr and an average optical transmittance in the visible part of the spectra of 80 %. It was also shown that by passivating the polymeric surface with a thin SiO2 layer, the electrical and structural properties of the films are improved nearly by a factor of 2.

Synthesis of Porous ZnO Films on Quartz Substrates by Thermal Oxidation and the Oxidant Atmosphere Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 834 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Yazmin Mariela Hernández-Rodríguez ◽  
S. Tehuacanero-Cuapa ◽  
R. Peña-Sierra ◽  
G. Romero Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Precursor Film ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Wurtzite Phase ◽  
Atmosphere Effect ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Quartz Substrates

The synthesis and characterization of porous ZnO films using a two stage process by thermal oxidation using a bilayer precursor film (ZnO/Zn) consisting of a Zn film covered with a ZnO nanofilm formed on quartz substrates is reported. The Zn films of 50 nm were grown by DC sputtering method at 300K. In the first stage bilayer precursor films (BPF) of ZnO/Zn were produced by growing a ZnO nanofilm on Zn films by thermal oxidation at 350 °C by 30 min in N2 atmosphere containing 5 ppm of O2, and in the second stage the BPFs were oxidized at 800 °C for one hour either in dry N2, dry or wet air with 42% of humidity. The produced porous ZnO films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements. The results revealed the role of the oxygen content and the relevance of the humidity content in the processing atmosphere. When the BPF was oxidized in N2 with low oxygen content nanoporous ZnO films of wurtzite phase with its c-axis perpendicular to the plane of the substrate were produced. When rich oxygen content oxidation atmospheres were used, either in dry or wet air, nanoporous ZnO films with three main crystallite orientations (100), (002) and (101), were produced. The optical transmittance characteristics at the band edge region were strongly influenced by the humidity content but induce the formation of reproducible nanoporous ZnO films with sizes of ≈ 10 nm.

The Difference between Iodine Number and Nitrogen Surface Area Determinations for Carbon Blacks

2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Donnet ◽  
A. Santini ◽  
D. Maafa ◽  
H. Balard ◽  
F. Padella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Analytical Relationship ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Carbon Blacks ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Disordered Carbon ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The iodine number furnishes surface area values in disagreement with the NSA technique in the case of disordered carbon i.e., lower than NSA in case of high oxygen content (more than 2%), but higher for low oxygen content (less than 1%). Because carbon blacks are solids which exhibit graphitic structure, some milled graphite samples, were taken as model materials and analyzed. Surface area was determined by using both NSA and N≩I2 techniques, and the difference between the results given by the two techniques were observed and related to the microstructure, which was analyzed by using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and the oxygen content was measured by using elementary analysis. Two different models of iodine adsorption have been proposed, respectively, for the graphitic parts of the graphite grains and for the disordered part of the grains. An analytical relationship between the differences of iodine and nitrogen surface area values, microstructure and oxygen content was proposed and successfully tested. The same relationship was applied to some commercial and experimental carbon black with good results.

scholarly journals Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration and Flue Gas Emission Under Anoxic Environment in Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zeng ◽  
Wenwu Zhou ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Yuechi Che ◽  
Zhiyong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Msw Incineration ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Plateau Area

Abstract Waste incineration is a process of full combustion reaction between waste and oxygen at high temperature. It is a new problem whether the special natural environmental conditions of Tibet Plateau, such as low air pressure, low oxygen content and low temperature, will affect the waste incineration in the plateau area. In this work, the influence of different parameters on MSW incineration efficiency and flue gas emission were investigated. The results showed that the temperatures exhibited a significant impact on the flue gas emission. Under the lower temperature, CO was determined to be the main pollutant. With the increase of temperature, NOx became the main pollutant. The optimal temperature range of flue gas emission was between 800ºC to 900ºC. A slight negative pressure in incinerator was benefit for incineration system safety and flue gas emissions. The optimal range was -50Pa to 0Pa. Lower oxygen content (3%-6%) in the incinerator affected the incineration efficiency and flue gas emission. Meanwhile, the high oxygen content had no obvious impact on the flue gas emission, but the cost increased and the service life of the incinerator was affected. The optimal oxygen content in the incinerator was controlled at 6%-8%. Furthermore, the air temperatures, pressures and oxygen content in the natural environment had no significant effect on MSW incineration process. Increasing the air volume would bring about the increase of N 2 in the incinerator. This work provides the basic data support for MSW incineration technology in plateau area.

High-density plasma silicon oxide thin films grown at room-temperature

2008 ◽  
Vol 85 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1245-1247
Author(s):  
M.E. Vlachopoulou ◽  
P. Dimitrakis ◽  
A. Tserepi ◽  
V.Em. Vamvakas ◽  
S. Koliopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
High Density ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Density Plasma

The Effect of Oxygen on the Thermal Stability of Si1−xGex Strained Layers Grown by Limited Reaction Processing

1991 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Noble ◽  
J. L. Hoyt ◽  
P. Kuo ◽  
W. D. Nix ◽  
J. F. Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Strained Layers ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Content Support

ABSTRACTSi1−xGex layers containing 2×1020 oxygen atoms/cm3 exhibit an enhancement in thermal stability when compared to similar films (comparable Ge content and thickness) with 2 orders of magnitude less oxygen. X-ray measurements of the lattice constants in the strained films indicate that the oxygen does not substantially change the amount of strain in the layers. A prediction of the effect of oxygen based on solid solution strengthening theory is shown to be consistent with experimental annealing results. In addition, experimental measurements of slower misfit dislocation velocities in the layers with high oxygen content compared to those measured in films with low oxygen content, support the idea of solid solution strengthening. It is therefore likely that oxygen impedes the kinetics of dislocation formation.

Effect of Silver thickness and Annealing on Optical and Electrical Properties of Nb2O5/Ag/Nb2O5 Multilayers as Transparent Composite Electrode on Flexible Substrate

2013 ◽  
Vol 1552 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Aritra Dhar ◽  
T. L. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Conducting Layer ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Average Optical Transmittance ◽  
Temperature Deposition ◽  
Transparent Composite

ABSTRACTMultilayer structures of Nb2O5/Ag/Nb2O5 have been deposited onto flexible substrates by sputtering at room temperature to develop indium free composite transparent conductive electrodes. The optical and electrical properties of the multilayers are measured by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Hall measurement and four point probe and the effect of Ag thickness has been studied. The critical thickness of Ag to form a continuous conducting layer is found to be 9.5 nm and the multilayer stack has been optimized to obtain a sheet resistance of 7.2 Ω/sq and an average optical transmittance of 86 % at 550 nm. The Haacke figure of merit (FOM) has been calculated for the films, and the multilayer with 9.5 nm thick Ag layer has the highest FOM with 31.5 x 10-3 Ω/sq, which is one of the best FOM reported till date for room temperature deposition on flexible substrates. The multilayered samples are annealed in vacuum, forming gas, air and O2 environments and the optical and electrical properties are compared against the as-deposited samples.

High Performance Magnets - Microstructure and Coercivity

1999 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fidler ◽  
S. Sasaki ◽  
E. Estevez-Rams
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Coercive Field ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Magnetic Energy Density ◽  
Strip Cast

ABSTRACTThe importance of newly developed permanent magnetic materials in many electro-, magnetomechanical and electronic applications can be attributed to the drastic improvement of the magnetic energy density product and coercive field. A systematic study has been undertaken in order to determine the influence of oxygen content on microstructure and coercivity of high remanence Nd2Fe14B based sintered magnets. The energy density product >400 kJ/m3 (50 MGOe) and the coercive field of 800 kA/m were obtained after a combination of rubber isostatic and transverse die pressing methods. Magnets of the composition Nd151−xFe78+xB6Cu0.03A10.7 [x= 0-2.5] were prepared using strip cast materials. The high oxygen content of the magnets was gradually decreased from values of 4000-6000 ppm to a value < 1000 ppm. Abnormal grain growth (AGG) of the 2:14:1 grains occurred preferentially in magnets with low oxygen content, thus the squareness of the demagnetisation curve drastically decreased. The oxygen content strongly affects the AGG and the magnets with higher oxygen content have the higher critical temperatures at which the AGG occurs. On the other hand, isotropic magnets tend to have the lower critical temperatures than anisotropic magnets by 10-20°C. In the second part of the paper examples of the influence of intergranular phases, grain size and grain shape observed by TEM on coercivity of sintered and melt-spun Nd-Fe-B magnets are compared.

Radiative Properties of Y-Ba-Cu-0 Films With Variable Oxygen Content

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 958-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Choi ◽  
Z. M. Zhang ◽  
M. I. Flik ◽  
T. Siegrist
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Thin Film Optics ◽  
Electron Contribution ◽  
Measurement And Control

The room-temperature radiative properties of YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconducting films with varying oxygen content (δ = 0 to 1) on a LaAlO3 substrate are investigated. The fitting of reflectance spectra using thin-film optics and the Drude-Lorentz model function with multiple oscillators determines the optical constants. The film with high oxygen content (δ = 0) has a metallic optical behavior. A decrease in the oxygen content causes a removal of free carriers, and the film with low oxygen content (δ = 1) acts like a dielectric with a very weak free-electron contribution. Knowledge of the optical constants of oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3O7-δ films facilitates accurate substrate temperature measurement and control during the film deposition process.

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