Application of the G'/D Raman Ratio for Purity Assessment of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

2007 ◽  
Vol 1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta DiLeo ◽  
Brian Landi ◽  
Ryne Raffaelle
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Double Resonance ◽  
Raman Shift ◽  
Resonance Theory ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Purity Assessment ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractCarbonaceous purity assessment methods are being sought after for all types of carbon nanotubes as a means to standardize the material metrology. Our most recent work has evaluated chemical vapor synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). This effort included a protocol for assessment involving qualitative information from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and quantitative information from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy. Presently, the analysis using Raman spectroscopy on a constructed sample set has been extended to a second excitation energy (HeNe laser at 1.96 eV) and the similar trends in the relative Raman peak ratios have been measured. In contrast to the G-band, the D and G' peaks demonstrate a Raman shift that is excitation energy-dependent, consistent with the double resonance theory. However, the Raman ratio of IG'/ID is independent of excitation energy and is observed to be the most sensitive to MWNT carbonaceous purity. Application of this approach to MWNT arrays grown on SiO2 is compared to conventional bulk powders synthesized under similar conditions. The MWNT arrays show a high degree of vertical alignment based upon SEM and a measured carbonaceous purity using the IG'/ID ratio of 75% w/w.

Defect-induced vibrational response of multi-walled carbon nanotubes using resonance Raman spectroscopy

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3368-3373 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Curran ◽  
J.A. Talla ◽  
D. Zhang ◽  
D.L. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Double Resonance ◽  
Resonance Raman ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

We systematically introduced defects onto the body of multi-walled carbon nanotubes through an acid treatment, and the evolution of these defects was examined by Raman spectroscopy using different excitation wavelengths. The D and D′ modes are most prominent and responsive to defect formation caused by acid treatment and exhibit dispersive behavior upon changing the excitation wavelengths as expected from the double resonance Raman (DRR) mechanism. Several weaker Raman resonances including D″ and L1 (L2) + D′ modes were also observed at the lower excitation wavelengths (633 and 785 nm). In addition, specific structural defects including the typical pentagon-heptagon structure (Stone–Wales defects) were identified by Raman spectroscopy. In a closer analysis we also observed Haeckelite structures, specifically Ag mode response in R5,7 and O5,6,7.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy characterisation of functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 21373-21380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Botti ◽  
Susanna Laurenzi ◽  
Luca Mezi ◽  
Alessandro Rufoloni ◽  
M. Gabriella Santonicola
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

By applying SERS, we recorded spectral features from functional molecules bound to the nanotube surface, which are otherwise very difficult to see.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Ionogels Incorporated with Lanthanide (Eu3+, Tb3+) Complexes Covalently Modified Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuping Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Green Emission ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Hybrid Gels ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electric Materials ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Functionalized Mwcnts

Ionogels refer to an emerging composite material made from the confinement of ionic liquids within some specific cross-linked network matrices. They have potential applications in areas such as electrochemical and optical-electric materials. Incorporation of lanthanide (Eu3+, Tb3+) complexes covalently functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in ionogels provide new ideas to design and synthesize novel luminescent hybrid materials that have excellent characteristics of luminescence and ionic conductivity. Here, the multifunctional ionogels were synthesized by confining an ionic liquid and the rare earth functionalized MWCNTs in the cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) networks, resulting in a novel optical/electric multifunctional hybrid material. The SEM images and digital photographs suggest that the lanthanide functionalized MWCNTs are evenly dispersed in the hybrid matrices, thus leading to a certain transparency bulky gel. The resulting ionogels exhibit certain viscosity and flexibility, and display an intense red/green emission under UV-light irradiation. The intrinsic conductibility of the embedded ionic liquids and carbon nanotubes in conjunction with the outstanding photoluminescent properties of lanthanide complexes makes the soft hybrid gels a material with great potential and valuable application in the field of optical-electric materials.

scholarly journals Electrodeposition of Sn and Sn Composites with Carbon Materials Using Choline Chloride-Based Ionic Liquids

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Ana T. S. C. Brandão ◽  
Liana Anicai ◽  
Oana Andreea Lazar ◽  
Sabrina Rosoiu ◽  
Aida Pantazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Nano carbons, such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, show very interesting electrochemical properties and are becoming a focus of interest in many areas, including electrodeposition of carbon–metal composites for battery application. The aim of this study was to incorporate carbon materials (namely oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (ox-MWCNT), pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (P-MWCNT), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)) into a metallic tin matrix. Formation of the carbon–tin composite materials was achieved by electrodeposition from a choline chloride-based ionic solvent. The different structures and treatments of the carbon materials will create metallic composites with different characteristics. The electrochemical characterization of Sn and Sn composites was performed using chronoamperometry, potentiometry, electrochemical impedance, and cyclic voltammetry. The initial growth stages of Sn and Sn composites were characterized by a glassy-carbon (GC) electrode surface. Nucleation studies were carried out, and the effect of the carbon materials was characterized using the Scharifker and Hills (SH) and Scharifker and Mostany (SM) models. Through a non-linear fitting method, it was shown that the nucleation of Sn and Sn composites on a GC surface occurred through a 3D instantaneous process with growth controlled by diffusion. According to Raman and XRD analysis, carbon materials were successfully incorporated at the Sn matrix. AFM and SEM images showed that the carbon incorporation influences the coverage of the surface as well as the size and shape of the agglomerate. From the analysis of the corrosion tests, it is possible to say that Sn-composite films exhibit a comparable or slightly better corrosion performance as compared to pure Sn films.

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Using Plant Source and Study their Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Athraa Mohamed Rashed ◽  
Abdulqadier Hussien Al Khazraji
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Fesem Image ◽  
Plant Source ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this study the normal and activated charcoal were used to prepare normal and activated multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) from same plant (Citrus aurantium) which is a source of carbon by Chemical Flame Deposition method (CFDM). The obtained products were analyzed using FESEM, FTIR, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. The FESEM image of normal charcoal revealed that it has much less nanopores than activated charcoal. The ratios of ID/IG for the normal and activated MWCNTs were 0.85 and 0.91 respectively, which shows that use activated charcoal as a source enhance the disorder and the defects on the carbon nanotubes. The results demonstrate and confirmed that a carbon nanotubes which were prepared from normal and activated charcoal have some disfigurements and have converging diameter nearly (31-88 nm) and (37-70nm) for normal and activated MWCNTs with length about (1-2) μm respectively.

scholarly journals Vacuum Casting and Mechanical Characterization of Nanocomposites from Epoxy and Oxidized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Gerald Singer ◽  
Philipp Siedlaczek ◽  
Gerhard Sinn ◽  
Patrick Kirner ◽  
Reinhard Schuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Vacuum Casting ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Sample preparation is an important step when testing the mechanical properties of materials. Especially, when carbon nanotubes (CNT) are added to epoxy resin, the increase in viscosity complicates the casting of testing specimens. We present a vacuum casting approach for different geometries in order to produce specimens from functional nanocomposites that consist of epoxy matrix and oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The nanocomposites were characterized with various mechanical tests that showed improved fracture toughness, bending and tensile properties performance by addition of oxidized MWCNTs. Strengthening mechanisms were analyzed by SEM images of fracture surfaces and in-situ imaging by digital image correlation (DIC).

Enhancement of Polymer Luminescence by Excitation-Energy Transfer from Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Small ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1927-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Henley ◽  
Ross A. Hatton ◽  
Guan Y. Chen ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Hailin Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Excitation Energy ◽  
Excitation Energy Transfer ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Nitrogen doped multi walled carbon nanotubes produced by CVD-correlating XPS and Raman spectroscopy for the study of nitrogen inclusion

Carbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 3535-3541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiva Sharifi ◽  
Florian Nitze ◽  
Hamid Reza Barzegar ◽  
Cheuk-Wai Tai ◽  
Marta Mazurkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes
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