Characterisation of Cell Adhesion to Substrate Materials and the Resistance to Enzymatic and Mechanical Cell-Removal

2008 ◽  
Vol 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Jane Griffiths ◽  
John G Harvey ◽  
James Dean ◽  
James A Curran ◽  
Athina E Markaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Adhesive Strength ◽  
Cell Detachment ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

AbstractCell-implant adhesive strength is important for prostheses. In this paper, an investigation is described into the adhesion of bovine chondrocytes to Ti6Al4V-based substrates with different surface roughnesses and compositions. Cells were cultured for 2 or 5 days, to promote adhesion. The ease of cell removal was characterised, using both biochemical (trypsin) and mechanical (accelerated buoyancy and liquid flow) methods. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling has been used to estimate the shear forces applied to the cells by the liquid flow. A comparison is presented between the ease of cell detachment indicated using these methods, for the three surfaces investigated.

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations to the Analysis of Bank Effects in Restricted Waters

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Lo ◽  
Dong-Taur Su ◽  
Jan-Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Bank Effect ◽  
Force Increase ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Yaw Angle ◽  
Vessel Speed

It is well known that vessels operating in the vicinity of a lateral bank experience a significant yaw moment and sway force. This bank effect has a major impact on the manoeuvring properties of the vessel and must therefore be properly understood to ensure the safe passage of the vessel through the restricted waterway. Accordingly, this study performs a series of simulations using commercial FLOW-3D® computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software and the KRISO 3600 TEU container ship model to examine the effects of the vessel speed and distance to bank on the magnitude and time-based variation of the yaw angle and sway force. The results show that for a given vessel speed, the yaw angle and sway force increase as the distance to bank reduces, while for a given distance between the ship and the bank, the yaw angle and sway force increase with an increasing vessel speed. In addition, it is shown that even when a vessel advances at a very low speed, it experiences a significant bank effect when operating in close vicinity to the bank. Overall, the results presented in this study confirm the feasibility of the CFD modelling approach as a means of obtaining detailed insights into the bank effect without the need for time-consuming and expensive ship trials.

CFD Modelling of Multiphase Flows: An Overview

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajnish K. Calay ◽  
Arne E. Holdo
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Numerical Modeling Of Flows

The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is now increasingly being used for modeling industrial flows, i.e. flows which are multiphase and turbulent. Numerical modeling of flows where momentum, heat and mass transfer occurs at the interface presents various difficulties due to the wide range of mechanisms and flow scenarios present. This paper attempts to provide a summary of available mathematical models and techniques for two-phase flows. Some comments are also made on the models available in the commercially available codes.

scholarly journals Experimental and CFD Modelling: Impact of the Inlet Slug Flow on the Horizontal Gas–Liquid Separator

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Siong Lee ◽  
Thomas Choong ◽  
Luqman Abdullah ◽  
Mus’ab Abdul Razak ◽  
Zhen Ban
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Slug Flow ◽  
Cavity Formation ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Liquid Separator

For a gas-liquid separator sizing, many engineers have neglected the flow pattern of incoming fluids. The impact of inlet slug flow which impeded onto the separator’s liquid phase will cause a separator fails to perform when sloshing happened in the separator. To date, the study on verifying the impact of inlet slug flow in a separator remains limited. In this paper, the impact of inlet momentum and inlet slug flow on the hydrodynamics in a separator for cases without an inlet device were investigated. The experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results of cavity formation and sloshing occurrence in the separator in this study were compared. A User Defined Function (UDF) was used to describe the inlet slug flow at the separator inlet. Inlet slug flow occurred at inlet momentum from 200 to 1000 Pa, and sloshing occurred in the separator at 1000 Pa. Both experimental and simulated results showed similar phenomena.

Good modelling practice in applying computational fluid dynamics for WWTP modelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 969-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Wicklein ◽  
Damien J. Batstone ◽  
Joel Ducoste ◽  
Julien Laurent ◽  
Alonso Griborio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
Water Association ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cfd Applications ◽  
International Water

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling in the wastewater treatment (WWT) field is continuing to grow and be used to solve increasingly complex problems. However, the future of CFD models and their value to the wastewater field are a function of their proper application and knowledge of their limits. As has been established for other types of wastewater modelling (i.e. biokinetic models), it is timely to define a good modelling practice (GMP) for wastewater CFD applications. An International Water Association (IWA) working group has been formed to investigate a variety of issues and challenges related to CFD modelling in water and WWT. This paper summarizes the recommendations for GMP of the IWA working group on CFD. The paper provides an overview of GMP and, though it is written for the wastewater application, is based on general CFD procedures. A forthcoming companion paper to provide specific details on modelling of individual wastewater components forms the next step of the working group.

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