The Role of Core Levels in Scintillation Processes

1994 ◽  
Vol 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Belsky ◽  
Irina A. Kamenskikh ◽  
Andrey N. Vasil'ev ◽  
Alexander V. Gektin ◽  
Christian Pedrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Local Perturbation ◽  
Correlated Electrons ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Core Hole ◽  
Auger Decay ◽  
The Core ◽  
Luminescence Kinetics ◽  
Radiation Induced

ABSTRACTThe Auger decay of a core hole results in appearance of several strongly correlated excitations. This excited region strongly polarizes the lattice and thus the defect creation is possible. In all cases the core hole causes the strong local perturbation of electronic and lattice subsystems. The creation of such excited region with mutual relaxation of correlated electrons and holes can result in the increase of the efficiency of energy transfer to activators, acceleration of the luminescence kinetics, and the appearance of radiation-induced luminescence centers.

scholarly journals Role of autophagy in high linear energy transfer radiation‐induced cytotoxicity to tumor cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 770-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Jin ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Fei Ye ◽  
Xiongxiong Liu ◽  
Yoshiya Furusawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Linear Energy Transfer ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Linear Energy Transfer Radiation ◽  
High Linear Energy Transfer

scholarly journals Phase Separation in the Two-Dimensional Systems of Strongly Correlated Electrons: The Role of Spin Singlet Pairs on Hole Pairing Contribution to Hole-Rich Phase

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 1011-1016
Author(s):  
Sung Sik Lee ◽  
Sul Ah Ahn ◽  
Sung Ho Suck Salk
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Strongly Correlated Electrons ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Correlated Electrons ◽  
Hole Density ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Spin Singlet

By paying attention to the hole-doped two-dimensional systems of antiferromagnetically (strongly) correlated electrons, we discuss the cause of hole-rich phase formation in association with phase separation. We show that the phase diagram obtained from Maxwell's construction in the plane of temperature vs. hole density is consistent with one derived from the evaluation of hole-rich and electron-rich phases in real space. We observe that the formation of a hole-rich phase is attributed to the aggregation of hole pairs induced by spin singlet pairs present in the pseudogap phase, and that the direct involvement of correlations between hole pairs is not essential for phase separation.

FEMTOSECOND ELECTRON DYNAMICS ON SOLID SURFACES PROBED BY ION SCATTERING AND STIMULATED DESORPTION OF SECONDARY IONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1139-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
RYUTARO SOUDA
Keyword(s):  
Noble Gas ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Hole State ◽  
Ion Scattering ◽  
Core Hole ◽  
Nonadiabatic Transition ◽  
Auger Decay ◽  
Photon Irradiation ◽  
The Core

In this article, the mechanism of electronic transitions during scattering and stimulated desorption of ions from solid surfaces is discussed. Reactive ions such as H + and O + experience transient chemisorption during scattering from solid surfaces. These ions are neutralized almost completely on metal and semiconductor surfaces due to the band effect on resonance neutralization. The neutralization probability of H + is suppressed considerably on highly ionic compound surfaces and is dependent on the target species due to the formation of the bound state (on cations) or the surface molecule (on anions). Because of this, the H - ion is formed preferentially on the cationic site rather than on the anionic site. The noble-gas ions are neutralized via the Auger process so that the neutralization probability is basically independent of the band effect. The stimulated desorption of secondary O + and F + ions does not exhibit the band effect. This is because the desorption is initiated by the core hole state, which is followed by ionization via the intra-atomic Auger decay after breakage of the chemisorptive bond. The stimulated desorption of H + might occur from the valence holes but is more likely to be caused by the core-excited OH species via the interatomic Auger decay. The core hole is created not only by the electron and photon irradiation but also by the energetic ion bombardment due to the nonadiabatic transition of the primary ion/s core hole. Also presented are some applications of ion scattering and ion stimulated desorption for the analysis of the diffusion/segregation dynamics of oxygen and hydrogen on solid surfaces.

MULTISITE EFFECTS ON THE CORE-LEVEL PHOTOEMISSION IN Sr2RuO4

2002 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 1023-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOZO OKADA
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Core Level ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Electron Systems ◽  
Core Hole ◽  
Strongly Correlated Electron ◽  
Correlated Electron Systems ◽  
The Core ◽  
Correlated Electron ◽  
Large Size

Multi-Ru-site effects on the photoemission from the Ru 3d core level in Sr 2 RuO 4 are discussed on the basis of numerical diagonalization calculations for large-size cluster models. It is shown that the electrons on the Ru 4d ions neighboring the core-hole site participate actively in the core-hole screening, which indicates the importance of so-called "nonlocal screening" in Sr 2 RuO 4. However, since it occurs via the Ru 4d(xy)– O 2pπ bonding, the photoemission intensity which corresponds to the nonlocal screening is not large, compared with the Cu 2p photoemission in high-Tc-related cuprates. From the spectral analysis, the Coulomb interaction strength between Ru 4d electrons is estimated to be comparable with the width of Ru dε bands. In other words, Sr 2 RuO 4 belongs to a category of strongly correlated electron systems.

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Zoran Ivić ◽  
Željko Pržulj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Interchain Coupling ◽  
Large Polaron ◽  
The One

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals We study the large polaron whose motion is confined to a single chain in a system composed of the collection of parallel molecular chains embedded in threedimensional lattice. It is found that the interchain coupling has a significant impact on the large polaron characteristics. In particular, its radius is quite larger while its effective mass is considerably lighter than that estimated within the one-dimensional models. We believe that our findings should be taken into account for the proper understanding of the possible role of large polarons in the charge and energy transfer in quasi-one-dimensional substances.

Does a Ribosome Really Read? On the Cognitive Roots and Heuristic Value of Linguistic Metaphors in Molecular Genetics. Part 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
Suren T. Zolyan
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
The Core ◽  
Genetic Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Frame ◽  
Effective Instrument

We discuss the role of linguistic metaphors as a cognitive frame for the understanding of genetic information processing. The essential similarity between language and genetic information processing has been recognized since the very beginning, and many prominent scholars have noted the possibility of considering genes and genomes as texts or languages. Most of the core terms in molecular biology are based on linguistic metaphors. The processing of genetic information is understood as some operations on text – writing, reading and editing and their specification (encoding/decoding, proofreading, transcription, translation, reading frame). The concept of gene reading can be traced from the archaic idea of the equation of Life and Nature with the Book. Thus, the genetics itself can be metaphorically represented as some operations on text (deciphering, understanding, code-breaking, transcribing, editing, etc.), which are performed by scientists. At the same time linguistic metaphors portrayed gene entities also as having the ability of reading. In the case of such “bio-reading” some essential features similar to the processes of human reading can be revealed: this is an ability to identify the biochemical sequences based on their function in an abstract system and distinguish between type and its contextual tokens of the same type. Metaphors seem to be an effective instrument for representation, as they make possible a two-dimensional description: biochemical by its experimental empirical results and textual based on the cognitive models of comprehension. In addition to their heuristic value, linguistic metaphors are based on the essential characteristics of genetic information derived from its dual nature: biochemical by its substance, textual (or quasi-textual) by its formal organization. It can be concluded that linguistic metaphors denoting biochemical objects and processes seem to be a method of description and explanation of these heterogeneous properties.

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