Parametric Study of the Corrosion Behaviour in Static Distilled Water of Simulated European Reference High Level Waste Glasses

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Ph. Van Iseghem ◽  
W. Timmermans ◽  
R. De Batist
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Community Research ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Controlling Mechanism ◽  
Saturation Effects ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe corrosion behaviour in distilled water of five simulated European reference high level waste glasses has been investigated for times up to 8 months. The glasses were chosen in accordance with the Joint European Community research programme on HLW form characterization: two French glasses (SON58, SON64), one British glass (UK209) and two glasses designed to incorporate HLW stored at the Eurochemic plant in Belgium (SM58 and SAN60). In the reference condition (90°C, SA.V−1 = 1 cm−1) the leaching was characterized mainly by diffusion processes and by the onset of saturation in the leachate (these saturation effects were found to depend on glass composition). In more dilute conditions (SA.V−1 = 0.1 cm−1), matrix dissolution was the rate controlling mechanism. Increasing the leachant temperature to 150°C and higher lead to pronounced surface crystallization and, at least for one glass (SAN60), to an increased corrosion.

Liquidus Temperature of Spinel Precipitating High-Level Waste Glasses

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mika ◽  
M. J. Schweiger ◽  
J. D. Vienna ◽  
P. Hrma
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Models ◽  
Crystalline Phase ◽  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Hanford Site ◽  
High Iron ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Level ◽  
Glass Viscosity

ABSTRACTThe liquidus temperature (TL) often limits the loading of high-level waste in glass through the constraint that TL must be at least 100°C below the temperature at which the glass viscosity is 5 Pa-s. In this study, values of TL for spinel primary crystalline phase were measured as a function of glass composition. The test glasses were based on high-iron Hanford Site tank wastes. All studied glasses precipitated spinel (Ni,Fe,Mn)(Cr,Fe)2O4 as the primary crystalline phase. TL was increased by additions of Cr2O3, NiO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, and MnO; while Li2O, Na2O, B2O3, and SiO2 had a negative effect. Empirical mixture models were fitted to data.

Study of Glass-Ceramic Waste Forms

1997 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Stefanovsky ◽  
S.V. Ioudintsev ◽  
B.S. Nikonov ◽  
B.I. Omelianenko ◽  
T.N. Lashtchenova
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Matrix Glass ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Level ◽  
Similar Unit

ABSTRACTSince the early of the 1990s the method of inductive melting in a cold crucible (IMCC) has been applied at SIA “Radon” for production of various wasteforms, including glasses and Synroc-type ceramics. Sphene-based glass-ceramics composed of glass and crystalline phases were considered as appropriate wasteform for High Level Waste immobilisation. Investigation of two glass-ceramic specimens prepared with the IMCC has been performed using optical microscopy, XRD, SEM/EDS, and TEM methods. The samples produced consist of vitreous and crystalline phases. The vitreous phase consists of two varieties of glass formed by the immiscibility of the initial melt onto two separate liquids. One of the glasses is observed as spherical microinclusions in the matrix glass. The glass of the microspheres are differed from the matrix glass composition by higher contents of Ca, Ti, Ce, Sr, Zr (or Cr), while the matrix glass contains higher amounts of Si, Al, and alkalies. The crystalline phases with sphene- and perrierite-like structures have been also occurred. Their total quantity reaches up to 50 vol.%. The synthetic perrierite has similar unit-cell parameters with its natural mineral analogs with the only exception in two-fold value of c dimension. Zr, Ce, and Sr are incorporated into synthetic sphene and perrierite, while Cs is hosted by the glass phases.

Borosilicate Glass Corrosion in the Presence of Steel Corrosion Products

1986 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bart ◽  
H.U. Zwicky ◽  
E.T. Aerne ◽  
TH. Graber ◽  
D. Z'berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Glass Corrosion ◽  
High Level

AbstractSince 1982, the corrosion behaviour of radioactive high level waste glass and of inactive glasses of the same composition has been studied in the framework of a Japanese-Swedish-Swiss (JSS) project. In addition to granite and backfilling material, the influence of steel corrosion products on glass corrosion has been investigated in experiments of up to one year at 90°C with a sample surface area to leachant volume ratio of 10 m−1. Leachant and steel corrosion products were separated from each other by filtration and analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and γ-spectroscopy. The glass corrosion layers were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and by secondary ion mass spectrometry.It could be shown, that glass corrosion is enhanced by steel corrosion products. The quantity of corroded glass seems to be dependent on the surface area and not on the total amount of steel corrosion products in the system, suggesting a mechanism controlled by silica sorption on the steel corrosion product. If lead oxide is added to the system, glass corrosion is almost to- tally suppressed.

The Long-Term Corrosion and Modelling of Two Simulated Belgian Reference High-Level Waste Glasses

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Van Iseghem ◽  
B. Grambow
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Forward Rate ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Rate Of Dissolution ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Al Content

AbstractThe corrosion behaviour in distilled water of two simulated candidate high level waste borosilicate glasses (SAN602519L3C2 and SM58LW11) his been investigated at 90°C for different SA/V condition's 10, 100, 7800 m−1). The experimental data were modelled using the PHREEQE and GLASSOL computer codes. The model is quite successful for describing the corrosion behaviour, using experimentally derived values for the forward rate, silica saturation and the final rate. GWss SAN60 is more stable than glass SM58 at SA/V values of 10 and 100 m−1, but in the long term the relative performance is inverse. Indeed, the high Al content of SAN60 induces the creation of analcime crystals after SiO2 has reached its saturation concentration in solution, which cause an enhancement of the final rate of dissolution of the glass; for SM58 on the contrary the SiO2 solution is a stable condition.

scholarly journals The effect of high-level waste glass composition on spinel liquidus temperature

2014 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Hrma ◽  
Brian J. Riley ◽  
Jarrod V. Crum ◽  
Josef Matyas
Keyword(s):  
Liquidus Temperature ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
High Level

The IAEA Coordinated Research Programme on the Performance of High-Level Waste Forms and Packages Under Repository Conditions

1992 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Tsyplenkov
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Safety Assessments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Coordination Meeting

ABSTRACTThe IAEA initiated, in 1991, a Coordinated Research Programme (CRP), with the aim of promoting the exchange of information on the results obtained by different countries in the performance of high-level waste forms and waste packages under conditions relevant to final repository. These studies are being undertaken to obtain reliable data as input to safety assessments and environmental impact analyses, for final disposal purposes. The CRP includes studies on waste forms that are presently of interest worldwide: borosilicate glass, Synroc and spent fuel.Ten laboratories leading in investigation of high-level waste form performance have already joined the programme. The results of their studies and plans for future research were presented at the first Research Coordination Meeting, held in Karlsruhe, Germany, in November 1991. The technical contributions concentrated on effecting an understanding of dissolution mechanisms of waste forms under simulated repository conditions. A quantitative interpretation of the chemical processes in the near field is considered a prerequisite for long-term predictions and for the formulation of a "source term" for performance assessment studies.

Optimization of Chemical Composition in the Iron Phosphate Glass as the Matrix of High Level Waste Generated From Pyroprocessing

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohide Kofuji ◽  
Tetsuji Yano ◽  
Munetaka Myochin ◽  
Kanae Matsuyama ◽  
Takeshi Okita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Glass ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
High Level

As part of ongoing research and development of nuclear waste disposal techniques suitable for the pyrochemical processing system [1], iron-phosphate glass was examined as an alternative waste form for high level waste generated from the electro-refining process [2]. To enhance the waste element content in the glass matrix and improve the durability of the waste form, optimization experiments of the glass composition were performed, and the effects of other additional transition metal oxides were determined. From the surface analysis of iron phosphate glass, a leaching mechanism was assumed for various elements contained in the glass matrix. We have selected suitable a glass composition for the treatment of radioactive waste generated from the spent electrolytes of pyrochemical processing.

Geopolymers as Candidates for the Immobilisation of Low- and Intermediate-Level Waste

2006 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Vance ◽  
Eric Vance ◽  
Satoshi Kiyama ◽  
Zaynab Aly ◽  
Patrick Yee
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Waste Form ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Phosphate Compound ◽  
Waste Loading ◽  
Saturation Effects ◽  
High Level ◽  
B Test

AbstractGeopolymers should be serious waste form candidates for intermediate level waste (ILW), insofar as they are more durable than Portland cement and can pass the PCT-B test for high-level waste. Thus an alkaline ILW could be considered to be satisfactorily immobilised in a geopolymer formulation. However a simulated Hanford tank waste was found to fail the PCT-B criterion even for a waste loading as low as 5 wt%, very probably due to the formation of a soluble sodium phosphate compound(s). This suggests that it could be worth developing a “mixed” GP waste form in which the amorphous material can immobilise cations and a zeolitic component to immobilise anions. The PCT -B test is demonstrably subject to significant saturation effects, especially for relatively soluble waste forms.

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