Electrochemical Testing and Structural Characterisation of Nickel Based Catalytic Coatings Produced by Direct Spraying

1998 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M.A. Sillitto ◽  
N.J.E. Adkins ◽  
D.R. Hodgson ◽  
E. Paul ◽  
R.M. Ormerod
Keyword(s):  
Raney Nickel ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Electrochemical Testing ◽  
Novel Processing

AbstractIn this paper a novel processing technique has been used to produce a range of low overpotential nickel based electrocatalytic coatings for use in the Chlor-alkali industry. These coatings include pure nickel as well as Raney nickel alloys, with particular focus upon the beneficial effects of molybdenum additions to Raney nickel.Structural characterisation of all coatings has been carried out using X-ray diffraction for quantitative phase identification, backed up by optical and electron microscopy for analysis of phase distribution. Measurement of the coatings' electrochemical properties has been performed in fully functioning micro-pilot scale electrolysis cells.

Processing and Crystal Microstructure of Porous High Pressure Crystallized Nanodiamond/UHMWPE Biomedical Nanocomposite

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 857-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau Chang Chou ◽  
Jyun Hao You ◽  
Cheng Lun Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bulk Hardness ◽  
Novel Processing ◽  
Pressure Crystallization ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

A novel processing technique using a series of mixing/refluxing procedures and high-pressure crystallization (HPC) to fabricate nanodiamond/ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (ND/UHMWPE) nanocomposites for biomedical application was examined. For better mimetic lubrication, a porous structure was implemented in this study. Vitamin E as an anti-oxidation additive was also incorporated in selected porous specimens. The morphology of the specimens was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The phase and crystal characteristics were revealed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Shore D hardness was used to study the effect of the material’s porous structure and particle-induced crystallization on the bulk mechanical property. The dispersion of NDs in the UHMWPE matrix can significantly promote the crystallinity of the HPC specimens, even with a porous structure. However, the bulk hardness does not reveal this improvement in crystal microstructure.

Microdiffraction using two-dimensional detectors

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Baoping He
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
Inhomogeneous Phase

X-ray diffraction analysis on small samples or micro-area of large samples is always a challenge due to weak diffraction and poor statistics, especially when dealing with samples containing large grain size, inhomogeneous phase distribution, and preferred orientation. Two-dimensional X-ray diffraction has many advantages in microdiffraction analysis. A two-dimensional detector can collect a large amount of data both in terms of speed and angular coverage. This paper covers some aspects about instrumentation of two-dimensional X-ray diffraction and its applications in phase identification and stress analysis on small samples and micro-area of large samples.

Formation of InSb Thin Film as a Magnetic Sensor Material Using In/Sb/In Multilayer Structure

1991 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Man Yun ◽  
Seung-Ki Lee ◽  
Min-Koo Han ◽  
Mun-Soo Yun
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Vapor Pressure Difference ◽  
Sensor Material ◽  
Novel Processing

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes the novel processing technique on the formation of InSb thin film which may not be influenced by the vapor pressure difference between In and Sb. Three layers which are composed of In with 1000 A of thickness, Sb with 5000 A and In with 4000 A are deposited sequentially at room temperature. During post heat treatment of these layers, InSb compound phase begins to form and the outer In layer suppresses the reevaporation of more volatile material, Sb. Since multiple single layers are sequentially evaporated, the problem of the severe vapor pressure difference betweentwoevaporating materialsmaynotcontributetothestoichiometriccomposition which may be the most critical parameter to determine the quality of films. The characterization of a fabricated InSb thin film by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope shows that the proposed multilayer method may be a powerful technique to form a high quality InSb compound thin film.

scholarly journals An Insight into Chemistry and Structure of Colloidal 2D-WS2 Nanoflakes: Combined XPS and XRD Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1969
Author(s):  
Riccardo Scarfiello ◽  
Elisabetta Mazzotta ◽  
Davide Altamura ◽  
Concetta Nobile ◽  
Rosanna Mastria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Rational Understanding ◽  
Structural Inspection

The surface and structural characterization techniques of three atom-thick bi-dimensional 2D-WS2 colloidal nanocrystals cross the limit of bulk investigation, offering the possibility of simultaneous phase identification, structural-to-morphological evaluation, and surface chemical description. In the present study, we report a rational understanding based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and structural inspection of two kinds of dimensionally controllable 2D-WS2 colloidal nanoflakes (NFLs) generated with a surfactant assisted non-hydrolytic route. The qualitative and quantitative determination of 1T’ and 2H phases based on W 4f XPS signal components, together with the presence of two kinds of sulfur ions, S22− and S2−, based on S 2p signal and related to the formation of WS2 and WOxSy in a mixed oxygen-sulfur environment, are carefully reported and discussed for both nanocrystals breeds. The XPS results are used as an input for detailed X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis allowing for a clear discrimination of NFLs crystal habit, and an estimation of the exact number of atomic monolayers composing the 2D-WS2 nanocrystalline samples.

Synthesis and Crystal Structures of the P,N-Substituted Ferrocenes [Fe{η5-C5H4–P(S)Ph2}(η5-C5H4–NHCH2tBu)] and [Fe(η5-C5H4– PPh2)(η5-C5H4–NHCH2tBu)]

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 906-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ritte ◽  
Clemens Bruhn ◽  
Ulrich Siemeling
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Raney Nickel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bromo Derivative

The P,N-substituted ferrocene [Fe{η5-C5H4-P(S)Ph2}(η5-C5H4-NHCH2tBu)] was prepared in six steps from the bromo derivative [Fe{η5-C5H4-PPh2}(η5-C5H4-Br)]. Its reductive desulfurisation with Raney nickel afforded the corresponding phosphino-substituted derivative [Fe(η5-C5H4- PPh2)(η5-C5H4-NHCH2tBu)]. Both compounds have been structurally characterised by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction studies.

A Study on The Phase Transformation and Exchange-Coupling of (Nd0 95La0 05)9 5FebalCo5Nb2B10.5 Nanocomposites

1999 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Chen ◽  
B. M. Ma ◽  
B. Lu ◽  
M. Q. Huang ◽  
D. E. Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Phase Identification

ABSTRACTThe phase transformation and the exchange coupling in (Ndo095Lao005)9.5FebaICOsNb 2BI05 have been investigated. Nanocomposites were obtained by treating amorphous precursors at temperatures ranging from 650TC to 9500C for 10 minutes. The magnetic properties were characterized via the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermomagnetic analysis (TMA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to perform phase identification, measure grain size, and analyze phase distribution. The strength of the exchange coupling between the magnetically hard and soft phases in the corresponding nanocomposite was analyzed via the AM-versus-H plot. It was found that the remanence (Br), coercivity (Hci), and maximum energy product (BHmax) obtained were affected by the magnetic phases present as well as the grain size of constituent phases and their distribution. The optimal magnetic performance, BHm, occurred between 700°C to 750°C, where the crystallization has completed without excessive grain growth. TMA and TEM indicated that the system was composed of three phases at this point, Nd2(Fe Co) 14B, ca-Fe, and Fe3B. The exchange coupling interaction among these phases was consistently described via the AM-versus-H plot up to 750°C. The Br, Hci, and BHmax degraded severely when the thermal treatment temperature increased from 750°C. This degradation may be attributed to the grain growth of the main phases, from 45 to 68nm, and the development of precipitates, which grew from 5nm at 750°C to 12nm at 850°C. Moreover, the amount of the precipitates was found to increase with the thermal treatment temperatures. The precipitates, presumably borides, may cause a decrease in the amount of the a-Fe and Fe 3B and result in a redistribution of the Co in the nanocomposites. The increase of the Co content in the Nd 2(Fe Co) 14B may explain the increase of its Curie temperature with the thermal treatment temperatures. In this paper, we examine the impacts of these factors on the magnetic properties of (Ndo 95Lao 05)9 5FebaICosNb2B10.5 nanocomposite.

Applications of High-Resolution Powder X-Ray Diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Pdf Analysis

The highly-collimated, intense X-rays produced by a synchrotron radiation source can be harnessed to build high-resolution powder diffraction instruments with a wide variety of applications. The general advantages of using synchrotron radiation for powder diffraction are discussed and illustrated with reference to the structural characterisation of crystalline materials, atomic PDF analysis, in-situ and high-throughput studies where the structure is evolving between successive scans, and the measurement of residual strain in engineering components.

Isomers of B20H26: structural characterisation by X-ray diffraction of 2,2′-Bi(nido-decaboranyl)

1979 ◽  
pp. 17-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman N. Greenwood ◽  
John D. Kennedy ◽  
Walter S. McDonald ◽  
John Staves ◽  
Derek Taylorson
Keyword(s):  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Characterisation
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