Development of Self-assembled Muscle-powered Microdevices

2004 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Xi ◽  
Jacob J. Schmidt ◽  
Carlo D. Montemagno
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Engineered Systems ◽  
Hybrid Devices

AbstractAs microcomponents in engineered systems, biological muscles have unique advantages such as large force transduction, utilization of biochemical fuel, and self-assembly from single cells, over other inorganic actuators for biomedical engineering applications. Successful integration of muscles with inorganic fabricated structures and electronics promises the capability of precisely characterizing muscles' mechanical properties and fabricating self-assembled controllable autonomous structures powered by ubiquitous glucose. However, the use of extracted muscle tissue from animals on these devices is impractical and inefficient, as the tissues must be dissected and incorporated into each device by hand with crude interfaces between the biological tissue and inorganic materials. Integration of muscle with fabricated structures would be optimally achieved through self-assembling muscle cells on MEMS. The construction of self-assembled muscle-powered MEMS structures is complicated by the stringent requirements to spatially direct the cell growth, control the tight connection of these differentiated structures with MEMS structures, and enable the cells and the integrated hybrid freedom to move. Conventional and soft photolithography techniques have been extensively employed to pattern the growth of a variety of cell types and investigate their interaction with substrate in the micrometer level. However, all studies are only suitable for patterning static cells on an immobile surface, so a novel system of spatially patterning the contractible cells must be developed to enable the cells and the integrated hybrid devices to be free to move.We present a novel system of self-assembling myocytes on MEMS devices. This system has shown its capability of spatially and selectively directed growth and differentiation of myocytes into single muscle bundles, attachment of these functional bundles to MEMS structures, and the controlled partial release of the resultant hybrid devices. Two groups of self- assembled muscle-MEMS devices, force-measuring cantilevers and muscle-powered microrobots have been created. Here the further detailed studies of this system are discussed, especially the concept of the self-assembly and the material interfacial problems in this system.

Development of Self-assembled Muscle-powered Microdevices

2004 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Xi ◽  
Jacob J. Schmidt ◽  
Carlo D. Montemagno
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Engineered Systems ◽  
Hybrid Devices

AbstratAs microcomponents in engineered systems, biological muscles have unique advantages such as large force transduction, utilization of biochemical fuel, and self-assembly from single cells, over other inorganic actuators for biomedical engineering applications. Successful integration of muscles with inorganic fabricated structures and electronics promises the capability of precisely characterizing muscles' mechanical properties and fabricating self-assembled controllable autonomous structures powered by ubiquitous glucose. However, the use of extracted muscle tissue from animals on these devices is impractical and inefficient, as the tissues must be dissected and incorporated into each device by hand with crude interfaces between the biological tissue and inorganic materials. Integration of muscle with fabricated structures would be optimally achieved through self-assembling muscle cells on MEMS. The construction of self-assembled muscle-powered MEMS structures is complicated by the stringent requirements to spatially direct the cell growth, control the tight connection of these differentiated structures with MEMS structures, and enable the cells and the integrated hybrid freedom to move. Conventional and soft photolithography techniques have been extensively employed to pattern the growth of a variety of cell types and investigate their interaction with substrate in the micrometer level. However, all studies are only suitable for patterning static cells on an immobile surface, so a novel system of spatially patterning the contractible cells must be developed to enable the cells and the integrated hybrid devices to be free to move.We present a novel system of self-assembling myocytes on MEMS devices. This system has shown its capability of spatially and selectively directed growth and differentiation of myocytes into single muscle bundles, attachment of these functional bundles to MEMS structures, and the controlled partial release of the resultant hybrid devices. Two groups of self-assembled muscle-MEMS devices, force-measuring cantilevers and muscle-powered microrobots have been created. Here the further detailed studies of this system are discussed, especially the concept of the self-assembly and the material interfacial problems in this system.

Self-Assembly of Hydrophobic Polybetaine Based on (Tridecyl)aminocrotonate and Methacrylic Acid1, "Высокомолекулярные соединения. Серия С"

2017 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
A. V. Shakhvorostov ◽  
Zh. A. Nurakhmetova ◽  
T. M. Seilkhanov ◽  
Nuraje Nurxat ◽  
S. E. Kudaibergenov
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Potential Surface ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Maltese Cross ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Polymeric Chains ◽  
Conformational Properties ◽  
Fractal Patterns ◽  
Self Assembled

Novel polymeric betaine based on tridecylaminocrotonate and methacrylic acid was synthesized by Michael addition reaction. The obtained products were abbreviated as CROtriDA-MAA and with respect to its potassium salt as CROtriDA-MAA-K. The structure of CROtriDA-MAA was established by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The hydrodynamic, molecular and conformational properties of CROtriDA-MAA-K in solutions and morphology in solid state were evaluated by methods of GPC, DLS, zeta-potential, surface enhanced ellipsoidal microscopy (SEEC), optical microscopy. Meanwhile, the long alkyl “tails” (tridecyl) located in side polymeric chains are responsible for self-assembling behavior. Several types of self-assembled structures in water at different pH and in water-DMSO mixture were observed. The dendritic structure with wide trunks and few side branches is formed at pH 3. The “Maltese cross-like” aggregates were found at pH 6.5. The tree-like fractal patterns are formed at pH 12. The self-assembled coiled-ribbon-like and tubular-like aggregates were observed in water-DMSO mixtures.

scholarly journals Review of Contemporary Self-Assembled Systems for the Controlled Delivery of Therapeutics in Medicine

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Laura Osorno ◽  
Alyssa Brandley ◽  
Daniel Maldonado ◽  
Alex Yiantsos ◽  
Robert Mosley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Amphiphilic Molecules ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Assembly Behavior ◽  
External Stimuli

The novel and unique design of self-assembled micro and nanostructures can be tailored and controlled through the deep understanding of the self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic molecules. The most commonly known amphiphilic molecules are surfactants, phospholipids, and block copolymers. These molecules present a dual attraction in aqueous solutions that lead to the formation of structures like micelles, hydrogels, and liposomes. These structures can respond to external stimuli and can be further modified making them ideal for specific, targeted medical needs and localized drug delivery treatments. Biodegradability, biocompatibility, drug protection, drug bioavailability, and improved patient compliance are among the most important benefits of these self-assembled structures for drug delivery purposes. Furthermore, there are numerous FDA-approved biomaterials with self-assembling properties that can help shorten the approval pathway of efficient platforms, allowing them to reach the therapeutic market faster. This review focuses on providing a thorough description of the current use of self-assembled micelles, hydrogels, and vesicles (polymersomes/liposomes) for the extended and controlled release of therapeutics, with relevant medical applications. FDA-approved polymers, as well as clinically and commercially available nanoplatforms, are described throughout the paper.

scholarly journals Kinetic Molecular Cationic Control of Defect-Induced Broadband Light Emission in 2D Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedayo M. Sanni ◽  
Aaron Rury
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pl Spectra ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Self Assembled

In this study we examine the effects of changing organic cation concentrations on the efficiency and photophysical implications of exciton trapping in 2-dimensional hybrid lead iodide self-assembled quantum wells (SAQWs). We show increasing the concentration of alkyl and aryl ammonium cations causes the formation of SAQWs at a liquid-liquid interface to possess intense, broadband subgap photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies suggest materials formed under these cation concentrations possess morphologies consistent with inhibited crystallization kinetics, but exhibit qualitatively similar bulk chemical bonding to non-luminescent materials stabilized in the same structure from precursor solutions containing lower cation concentrations. Temperature and power-dependent PL spectra suggest the broadband subgap light emission stems from excitons self-trapped at defect sites, which we assign as edge-like, collective iodide vacancies using a simple model of the chemical equilibrium driving material self-assembly. These results suggest changes to the availability of molecular cations can suitably control the light emission properties of self-assembled hybrid organic-inorganic materials in ways central to their applicability in lighting technologies.

scholarly journals Peptide Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreekanth Pentlavalli ◽  
Sophie Coulter ◽  
Garry Laverty
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Sustained Drug Delivery ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Self Assembled

Self-assembled peptides have been shown to form well-defined nanostructures which display outstanding characteristics for many biomedical applications and especially in controlled drug delivery. Such biomaterials are becoming increasingly popular due to routine, standardized methods of synthesis, high biocompatibility, biodegradability and ease of upscale. Moreover, one can modify the structure at the molecular level to form various nanostructures with a wide range of applications in the field of medicine. Through environmental modifications such as changes in pH and ionic strength and the introduction of enzymes or light, it is possible to trigger self-assembly and design a host of different self-assembled nanostructures. The resulting nanostructures include nanotubes, nanofibers, hydrogels and nanovesicles which all display a diverse range of physico-chemical and mechanical properties. Depending on their design, peptide self-assembling nanostructures can be manufactured with improved biocompatibility and in vivo stability and the ability to encapsulate drugs with the capacity for sustained drug delivery. These molecules can act as carriers for drug molecules to ferry cargo intracellularly and respond to stimuli changes for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. This review explores the types of self-assembling nanostructures, the effects of external stimuli on and the mechanisms behind the assembly process, and applications for such technology in drug delivery.

Characterization of Medium-range Order in Self-Assembled Organic-inorganic Hybrid by Fluctuation X-ray Microscopy

2006 ◽  
Vol 960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Fan ◽  
David Paterson ◽  
Ian McNulty ◽  
M. M. J. Treacy ◽  
Dushyant Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Medium Range Order ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Self Assembled

ABSTRACTThe control of formation and ordering of self assembled nanostructures, with medium- to long-range order, is a challenge that limits advances in many fields of nanotechnology. We have developed a technique, which we call fluctuation x-ray microscopy, that offers quantitative insight into medium-range correlations in disordered materials at nanometer- and larger-length scales. We examined the influence of sol-gel process variables on medium range order in PI-b-PEO/ aluminosilicate bulk using this technique. The nano-structuring of inorganic materials was directed by polymer self-assembly. The medium range correlation between the nanostructures in two hybrids was quantitatively examined and compared.

scholarly journals Self-assembly of Functional Nanostructures by Short Helical Peptide Building Blocks

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santu Bera ◽  
Ehud Gazit
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Helical Peptides ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Mesoscale Structures ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Assembled

The self-assembly of short peptide building blocks into well-ordered nanostructures is a key direction in bionanotechnology. The formation of β -sheet organizations by short peptides is well explored, leading to the development of a wide range of functional assemblies. Likewise, many natural proteinaceous materials, such as silk and amyloid fibrils, are based on β-sheet structures. In contrast, collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is based on helical arrangement. Similar to β-sheet structures, short helical peptides have been recently discovered to possess a diverse set of functionalities with the potential to fabricate artificial self-assembling materials. Here, we outline the functional roles of self-assembled nanostructures formed by short helical peptides and their potential as artificial materials. We focus on the association between self-assembled mesoscale structures and their material function and demonstrate the way by which this class of building blocks bears the potential for diverse applications, such as the future fabrication of smart devices.

Synthesis of Platinum Nanoparticles and Then Self-Assembly on Nafion Membrane to Give a Catalyst Coated Membrane

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (7) ◽  
pp. 449-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haolin Tang ◽  
Zhiping Luo ◽  
Mu Pan ◽  
San Ping Jiang ◽  
Zhengcai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Nanoparticle Structure ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Coated Membrane

A catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with Pt loading of 2.8 μg/cm2 have been prepared by self-assembling charged Pt particles on a sulfonic acid function group, SO3-, on the membrane surface. Proton conductivity of the as-obtained CCM is 0.0932 S/cm. Half-cell polarisation showed that the self-assembled membrane is electrochemical active. Electrochemical characterisation of the self-assembled electrode showed that the Pt-PDDA nanoparticles were electrocatalytic active. The performance of self-assembled MEA with a Pt loading of 2.8 μg/cm2 achieved 2.3 mW/cm2. This corresponds to Pt utilisation of 821 W per 1 g Pt. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the formation of monolayered Pt nanoparticle structure on the membrane interface. Such a monolayered structure could offer a powerful tool in fundamental studies of polymer electrolyte systems.

Self-assembled Ordered Energetic Composites of CuO Nanorods and Nanowells and Al Nanoparticles with High Burn Rates

2005 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Subramanium ◽  
Shameem Hasan ◽  
Shantanu Bhattacharya ◽  
Yuanfang Gao ◽  
Steve Apperson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
The Self ◽  
Al Nanoparticles ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Vinyl Pyridine ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Burn Rate ◽  
Energetic Composites ◽  
Cuo Nanorods

AbstractCurrent approaches of mixing fuel and oxidizer nanoparticles or adding fuel nanoparticles to oxidizer gel lead to an overall reduced interfacial area of contact between them and thus, limit their burn rates severely. We have developed an approach of self-assembling fuel nanoparticles around an oxidizer matrix using a monofunctional polymer, poly(4)-vinyl pyridine (P4VP). The polymer has been used to accomplish binding of fuel and oxidizer in a molecularly engineered manner. We use composite of Al-nanoparticles and CuO nanorods for executing this self-assembly. TEM images of this composite confirms the self-assembly of Al-nanoparticles around the oxidizer nanorods. The burn rate of self-assembled composite has been found significantly higher than that of the composite prepared by simple mixing.

Recent advances in the fabrication and bio-medical applications of self-assembled dipeptide nanostructures

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-163
Author(s):  
Sonika Chibh ◽  
Jibanananda Mishra ◽  
Avneet Kour ◽  
Virander S Chauhan ◽  
Jiban J Panda
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Self Assembled

Molecular self-assembly is a widespread natural phenomenon and has inspired several researchers to synthesize a compendium of nano/microstructures with widespread applications. Biomolecules like proteins, peptides and lipids are used as building blocks to fabricate various nanomaterials. Supramolecular peptide self-assembly continue to play a significant role in forming diverse nanostructures with numerous biomedical applications; however, dipeptides offer distinctive supremacy in their ability to self-assemble and produce a variety of nanostructures. Though several reviews have articulated the progress in the field of longer peptides or polymers and their self-assembling behavior, there is a paucity of reviews or literature covering the emerging field of dipeptide-based nanostructures. In this review, our goal is to present the recent advancements in dipeptide-based nanostructures with their potential applications.

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