scholarly journals Daya gabung dan aksi gen komponen hasil jagung profilik hasil tinggi menggunakan analisis line X tester

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/9209 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Roy Efendi ◽  
Slamet Bambang Priyanto ◽  
Muhammad Azrai
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Two Stages

Peningkatan produktivitas jagung dapat dilakukan melalui perakitan varietas jagung yang memiliki tingkat prolifikasi tinggi. Ketersediaan galur-galur yang memiliki tingkat prolifikasi tinggi dan daya gabung yang baik akan memberikan peluang besar dalam perakitan jagung hibrida prolifik dengan hasil tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memilih galur-galur prolifik yang memiliki daya gabung yang baik pada karakter prolifikasi dan mengevaluasi tingkat prolifikasi dan produktivitas jagung hibrida yang dibentuk dari galur-galur tersebut serta mengetahui aksi gen yang berperan pada karakter komponen hasil. Percobaan dilakukan dua tahap yaitu pembentukan hibrida dari galur-galur prolifik dengan metode testcross dan evaluasi hibrida yang terbentuk dengan menggunakan rancangan alfa lattice dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan galur G7 memiliki nilai daya gabung umum yang baik untuk karakter persentase tanaman prolifik. Hibrida G35/G102612 merupakan hibrida uji dengan persentase tanaman prolifik tertinggi 55,8%. Hibrida G7/Mal03 dengan hasil biji 12,9 t ha-1 dan persentase tanaman prolifik 53,9% merupakan jagung hibrida prolifik dengan hasil tinggi. Aksi gen non aditif lebih berperan dalam penampilan karakter komponen hasil pada jagung prolifik.AbstractMaize productivity can be increased by improving maize varieties with high prolificacy. The adequate of high prolificacy lines with a good combining ability will provide great opportunities to form a high yield prolific maize. The research aimed to select the prolific line which has good combining ability on the prolificacy and evaluate the prolificacy and productivity of the hybrid maize from these lines and to know the gene action which plays role in the yield component characters. The research was carried out in two stages, i.e. the formation of hybrids from the prolific line using the testcross method and evaluation of hybrids using the alpha lattice design with three replications. The results showed that line G7 had a good general combining ability for the percentage of prolific plants. Hybrid G35/G102612 was the test hybrid with the highest percentage of prolific plants of 55,8%. Hybrid G7/ Mal03 which had the yield of 12,9 t ha-1and percentage of prolific plants 53,9% was the prolific hybrid maize with the high yield. The non-additive effect played the main role for yield component characters of prolific hybrid maize.

scholarly journals Combining ability between common bean gene groups for root distribution trait

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Cerutti ◽  
Sibila Grigolo ◽  
Rita Carolina de Melo ◽  
Ana Carolina da Costa Lara Fioreze ◽  
Altamir Frederico Guidolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Reciprocal Effect ◽  
Gene Group ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Additive Gene

ABSTRACT When different gene groups are combined by hybridization, the expression of predominant genes for a trait must be known. This understanding is fundamental to the decisions made by breeders in the stages of cultivation and selection of segregating populations during the breeding program. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of combining ability and gene action for the root distribution traits of the Andean and Mesoamerican common bean gene groups. Six common bean parents from the Andean and Mesoamerican groups were hybridized in a complete diallel mating scheme, resulting in 30 F1 hybrids. The parents and hybrids were planted in the field in a simple lattice design. The target trait was root distribution, calculated as the relative number of roots in the topsoil. The effect of the general combining ability was significantly higher than that of the specific combining ability (58%) and the reciprocal effect (41%). Particularly, the combination estimates were modified according to the order of the gene groups used. The combinations IPR Uirapuru x BAF53 (Mesoamerican x Andean), BAF53 x CBS14 (Andean x Andean), and CBS14 x IPR Uirapuru (Andean x Mesoamerican) mainly exhibited an increase in the mean root distribution. However, the highest fraction of genetic variance correlated with additive components (60%), even in crosses involving different gene groups. Consequently, the additive gene action was predominant in the expression of root distribution trait in common bean, irrespective of the gene group used.

scholarly journals Investigating the Type of Gene Action Conditioning Tolerance to Aluminum (Al) Toxicity in Tropical Maize

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Victoria Ndeke ◽  
Langa Tembo
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

Maize is a third important cereal crop in the world after wheat and rice. In Zambia, it is an important staple crop. Its production is however hampered by both biotic and abiotic factors. Among the abiotic factors, Aluminum (Al) toxicity causes high yield losses and is directly linked to acidic soils. Application of lime can ameliorate this problem, but it is expensive for small scale farmers. Developing maize varieties that are tolerant to Al toxicity is cheaper and feasible for small scale farmers. The purpose of this research was to investigate the type of gene action conditioning tolerance to aluminum toxicity in tropical maize.  Eleven inbred lines were mated in an 8 male (4 moderately tolerant and 4 susceptible) x 3 female (resistant) North Carolina Design II. Results revealed that general combining ability (GCA) effects due to both males and females were highly significant (P≤ 0.001) for root biomass. The shoot length GCA effects due to both male and female respectively were significant (P≤ 0.01). Similarly, the GCA effects due to females and males for root length were significant, P≤ 0.01 and P≤ 0.05 respectively. The genotype CML 511 had the most desirable significant GCA effect value (1.40) for root length among the male lines while CML 538 had the most desirable significant GCA effect value (0.92) among the female lines. The baker’s ratio for root length was found to be 0.49 implying that both additive and non-additive gene action were important in conditioning aluminum toxicity tolerance in tropical maize.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Yield and Its Components in Cacao

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geok Yong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Male Female ◽  
Bean Weight

Six Trinitario females of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) were crossed with nine Amazonian males in a factorial crossing design. The 54 hybrid progenies were used to estimate genetic variability due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for yield, pod production, pod weight, husk content, number of beans per pod, average bean weight, and pod value. The results demonstrated that GCA differed significantly for all characteristics from all three sources (Le., female + male, female, and male). SCA (female × male) was also significantly different for all characteristics. The ratio of GCA to SCA ranged from 7.1 for number of beans per pod to 25.7 for pod weight. This result suggested that a major portion of the genetic variability was additive in nature for these characteristics. Among the six Trinitarios, KA2-106 was the best female parent; it contributed high yield and all the desirable pod and bean characteristics into the hybrid progenies. Trinitario KA2-101 combined high pod production and yield, but tended to transmit below-average pod and bean characteristics to its progenies. Amazonians KEE6 and KEE12 were the two highest-yielding male parents, but had below-average bean number per pod and average bean weight. KEE42 and KEE43 combined high yield and transmitted good pod and bean characteristics to their progenies. Based on the GCA effects and the mean performance of the hybrid progenies, a multi-line cultivar consisting of 20 high-yielding crosses with good pod and bean characteristics is being produced in seed gardens for commercial planting.

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

scholarly journals Evaluation of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) through line × tester method

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683
Author(s):  
MN Amin ◽  
M Amiruzzaman ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
MR Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range

Maize inbred lines were evaluated by using line × tester method involving 11 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components through estimation of general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The crosses with high sca effect for grain yield were evolved from high × low general combiner parents which reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations 9MS4-1 × L22, 9MS4-1 × L486, 9MS4-2 × L431, 9MS4-11 × L486 and 9MS4- 15 × L431 with high positive sca effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 675-683, December 2014

Heterosis, General Combining Ability and Gene Action In Cotton (Gossyp ium Hirsaturn L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9A-18A
Author(s):  
Khalid mohammad Dawod ◽  
◽  
khalid khalil Al-Juboori ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability

scholarly journals Combining Ability Study for Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits of Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Adapted to Mid-Altitude Agroecology of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-304
Author(s):  
Lemi Mideksa Yadesa ◽  
Sentayehu Alamerew ◽  
Berhanu Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Almost All

In spite of the importance of quality protein maize to alleviate protein deficiency, almost all maize varieties cultivated in Ethiopia are normal maize varieties, which are devoid of lysine and tryptophan. Perusing the combining ability of QPM inbred for grain yield and its components is vital to design appropriate breeding strategies for the development of nutritionally enhanced maize cultivars. A line x tester analysis involving 36 crosses generated by crossing 9  elite maize inbred lines with 4 testers were evaluated for different desirable agronomic traits during the 2019 main season at BNMRC and JARC. The experiment was conducted using alpha lattice design with 3 replications. The objectives were to determine the combining ability of quality protein maize inbred lines, adapted to mid altitude agroecology of Ethiopia for agronomic traits. The crosses were evaluated in alpha lattice design replicated 3 times. Analyses of variances showed significant mean squares due to crosses for almost all the traits studied. GCA mean squares due to lines and testers were significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) for most studied traits. SCA mean squares were also significant for most attributes across locations. The comparative importance of GCA and SCA variances observed in the current study for most studied traits indicated the preponderance of additive genetic variance in governing these attributes. Only L3 was the best general combiner for grain yield. Inbred line L3, for days to anthesis and L5 for days to silking had negative and significant GCA effects. L5 and L6 displayed negative and significant GCA effects for plant and ear height. Crosses, L2xT4, L3xT4, L4xT4, L5xT2, L6xT3, L7xT2, L9xT1 and L9xT4 were good specific combiners for grain yield. In general, these genotypes help as a source of promising alleles that could be used for forthcoming breeding work in the development of quality protein maize cultivars with desirable traits.

The combining ability of recombinant S-lines developed from an F2 maize population

2000 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. IPSILANDIS ◽  
M. KOUTSIKA-SOTIRIOU
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Ability Tests ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Per Se

Starting with the F2 generation of the single-cross commercial hybrid Lorena (PR3183), recombinant lines were developed combining half-sib/S1 evaluation on widely spaced plants in the direction of high yielding per se. Combining ability tests consisted of crosses between: (a) recombinant lines of common pedigree and (b) recombinant lines and freely available inbred lines. The highest-yielding crosses between recombinant lines reached 100% of the original F1 hybrid in a percentage of 14·2. Low heterosis was estimated owing to additive gene action of recombinant lines. Crosses between recombinant lines and freely available inbred lines outyielded significantly the commercial F1 hybrid in a percentage of 33·3. Heterosis was greater and the original F1 hybrid was outyielded significantly because of non-additive gene action. When the applied breeding procedure on a source population with high yield adaptability is adopted and where effects of intergenotypic competition masking the inherent genotypic value are controlled, population improvement may be substituted by combined half-sib/S1 selection for productivity of lines per se in low stress conditions during the very early stages.

scholarly journals Combining Ability And Heterosis In Snakegourd (Tricosanthes Cucurminata L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
R Podder ◽  
MG Rasul ◽  
AKMA Islam ◽  
Mak Mian ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Fruit Diameter

A half diallel set of five parents and their 10 F1’s were studied to determine the combining ability and magnitude of heterosis for eight important characters in snakegourd at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during April to July, 2004. Combining ability analysis revealed that both general and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the characters except fruit diameter and fruit yield per plant. Predominance of additive gene action was noted for all the characters except days to first female flower where non-additive gene action was predominant. Parent P1 was the best general combiner for fruit yield and some yield contributing characters. Among the crosses P2  X P3, P1  X P2 and P1  X P4 were the best specific combiner for fruit yield and some of yield contributing characters. Both positive and negative heterosis was obtained of which few hybrids showed desirable and significant values. P2  X P5 showed the highest significant mid parental heterotic value for earliness and high yield whereas, P1  X P2, P2  X P3, P2  X P5 and P3  X P4 showed the highest significant better parent heterotic effect for earliness and high yield. Key words: Snakegourd (Trichosanthes cucurminata L.); combining ability; heterosis; fruit yieldDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9318 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 1-6, 2010

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