scholarly journals Community development through Islamic microfinance approach: The experience of Daarut Tauhid Peduli Bandung, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-122
Author(s):  
Ela Nurhayati ◽  
Agus Ahmad Safei ◽  
Aya Ono
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Effective Community ◽  
Islamic Microfinance ◽  
Management Staff

The fields of zakat-based microfinance and community development are not often placed under the same theoretical lens that both aim to empower disadvantaged people. This study investigates the experiences of borrowers in the implementation of zakat-based microfinance and analyses the different driving factors they applied in their choice of the zakat-based microfinance of Daarut Tauhid Peduli in Bandung, Indonesia. It applies a community development framework, based on the five characteristics, to explore this Islamic microfinance approach as an effective community development program, which has a religious dimension. Primary data were obtained from semi-structured interviews with the borrowers along with participant observation at a weekly majelis meeting, and these were triangulated with information cross-checked with the management staff of the institution. The findings demonstrate three out of five characteristics of the zakat-based microfinance approach as an effective community development program. They include characteristics in constantly maintaining power relations between borrowers and the institution, increasing capability and ability of borrowers to be more independent and empowered, and long-term duration of the program and sustainability. The findings showed that spiritual factors appear to have been an additional driving force on top of economic and non-economic factors for most borrowers choosing this particular program.

The Role of Islamic Microfinance Approach for Community Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Malik Shahzad Shabbir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Effective Community ◽  
Islamic Microfinance ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Management Staff

The fields of zakat-based microfinance and community development are not often placed under the same theoretical lens that both aim to empower disadvantaged people. This study investigates the experiences of borrowers in the implementation of zakat-based microfinance and analyses the different driving factors they applied in their choice of the zakat-based microfinance of Da’arut Tauhid Peduli in Bandung, Indonesia. It applies a community development framework, based on the five characteristics, to explore this Islamic microfinance approach as an effective community development program, which has a religious dimension. Primary data were obtained from semi-structured interviews with the borrowers along with participation observation at a weekly majelis meeting, and these were triangulated with information cross-checked with management staff of the institution. The findings demonstrate three out of five characteristics of zakat-based microfinance approach as an effective community development program. They include characteristics in constantly maintaining power relation between borrowers and the institution, increasing capability and ability of borrowers to be more independent and empowered, and long-term duration of the program and sustainability. The findings showed that spiritual factors appear to have been an additional driving force on top of economic and non-economic factors for most borrowers choosing this particular program. With respect to zakat-based microfinance as a community development approach, practitioners need to develop longer-term strategic planning that takes into account the principles and core components of both zakat and community development; this would facilitate both the economical and spiritual empowerment of recipients to widen the scope of change, as well as expand benefits from their families to the wider community

Supporting, tinkering, adjusting and resisting: a typology of user translations of the built environment

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Ammar Sharif ◽  
Andrew Karvonen
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type

PurposeArchitectural theorists have a long tradition of acknowledging the centrality of building users to architectural production. This article contributes to the discourse on architecture, actor–network theory (ANT), and users by proposing a typology of user translations ranging from supporting to tinkering to adjusting to resisting.Design/methodology/approachThe research utilises an ANT-inspired ethnography of sustainable lighting scripts at the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology (MIST). It comprises semi-structured interviews with MIST designers and students, and site visits and participant observation to understand how the users interpret the scripts and how they interact and change them on a daily basis.FindingsThere is a shared understanding that users do not simply receive architectural designs but interpret and change them to suit their preferences. The findings reveal the multiple ways that users interpret and respond to the assumptions of designers and in the process, recast the relations between themselves and their material surroundings.Originality/valueThe research contributes to acknowledging the centrality of users to architectural design processes and the interpretation of design scripts, addressing the limitation in current literature in demonstrating the diversity of ways that users react to such scripts. The research suggests that user actions have significant implications on long-term building performance. It accordingly points to the need for devising multiple means of user involvement in the design process and allowing greater flexibility in design scripts to improve the alignment with user preferences.

scholarly journals A comparative study on the costs and returns of organic vs. inorganic farming practices at selected areas near Dhaka, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Md Arafat Islam ◽  
Nazmul Ahsan Khan ◽  
Raisa Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Effective Choice

Inorganic farming is the norm in most areas of Bangladesh today, especially at croplands near Bangladesh’s capital - Dhaka. However, several recent studies have shown that such practices cause soil degradation overtime, consequently leading to long-term harm to the environment and economic profits. This long-term cost is often avoided by most farmers as inorganic farming is believed to fetch increased productivity/monetary gains, than its environmentally friendly, organic counterpart: the primary aim of this research was to find out the validity of this belief. The research used literature review and analysis of primary data collected about input costs, returns, crop yields, environmental effects, etc., from sixty respondents (mostly farmers and consumers involved in both types of farming), using one-on-one structured interviews, and three focus group discussions at the selected areas of Savar, Sreenagar and Rupganj, focusing primarily on two popular crops – tomato and corn; graphical and tabular analyses were conducted using MS Excel to propose interpretations and record findings. Keeping all other things constant and internalizing environmental externalities, while organic farming was found to produce around 50% and 33% less tomatoes and corns in net terms, respectively, than inorganic farming, the input costs and returns from one cycle of production were found to be lower (50%) and higher (around 200USD), respectively. Hence, from a long-run perspective, organic farming was concluded as the more cost-effective choice both in economic and environmental terms, given that the Dhaka market for organic products are managed better by the producers, consumers and government, alike. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 289-299, August 2019

Architects and rural post-disaster housing: lessons from South India

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrud Tauber
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose – This research aims to examine three housing projects implemented by local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and planned by local architects after the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 in rural South India. The key to the acceptance of post-disaster houses lies in meeting the peoples’ wishes and needs, and in integrating local know-how into the course of the project process (a premise intensively discussed in theory). After the tsunami of 2004, many (NGOs) appointed architects, assuming that these professionals would be qualified to facilitate the implementation of people-oriented houses (and villages). However, the architects’ roles vary significantly, which had, as will be shown here, a considerable impact on the degree of success of the project. Design/methodology/approach – Primary data for this study were gathered through household questionnaires (110); informal interaction; participant-observation (work assignment: 2.5 years; field survey: 4 months); semi-structured interviews (NGO representatives, architects and engineers). Secondary literature was studied on post-disaster housing, building cultures and cultures of knowledge. Findings – This study reveals that, in the course of rural post-disaster reconstruction, there is a crying need to appoint the “right” personnel having, first of all, the capacity to comply with the social dynamics at project level, and, second, being able to address those aspects critical for the realization of people-oriented housing. Architects can be a valuable resource for both the NGO and the villagers. However, this paper shows that key to this is, among other considerations, a thorough understanding of the rural (building) culture, its abilities and requirements, the strategic interplay of various roles and abilities during the course of an intricate building process and the design of appropriate roles for adequately-skilled architects. Originality/value – To this date, the debate on the role of architects in the context of post-disaster housing has neglected to examine empirically the implications of appointing these professionals in rural post-disaster contexts. This paper addresses this imbalance and complements the existing corpus of work by examining the impact of different roles of architects on the degree of success of the project at village level.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development in Island Communities: The Case Study of Postira

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željka Tonković ◽  
Jelena Zlatar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Community Development ◽  
Island Communities

Abstract The article shows the results of the case study of Postira, a village and a municipality on the island of Brač (Croatia) and presents a positive example of sustainable community development on islands in the post-transition social context. Based on the theory of sustainable local community development and its four pillars (economic, ecological, social and cultural), we analyse both the secondary data and the primary data collected from semi-structured interviews with the key actors of local development. The study shows that economic, ecological, social and cultural domaines are connected in Postira which allows for sustainable development of the place. By examining various aspects of sustainable development in Postira, we present the general framework of sustainable island development. It is based on integral development of the local community on sustainability principles, it defines key processes and guidelines and can be applied to rural and island areas, taking into account the specificities of each community.

scholarly journals Rencana Pengembangan dan Kesiapan Sivitas Akademika UIN Raden Intan Lampung Menuju AUN-QA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Deden Makbuloh ◽  
Sucipto Sucipto ◽  
Ruswanto Ruswanto
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Quality Improvement Process ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Meaning Analysis

Raden Intan Lampung State Islamic University (UIN RIL) as a State Islamic Religious College in Indonesia needs to gradually carry out various efforts to improve the quality of continuing education. The long-term quality of UIN RIL does not only cover national level competition, but also internationally. This study aims to examine the quality improvement process that has had a development and readiness plan for AUN-QA for the Academic Community of UIN RIL. Data collected is qualitative data. In accordance with the research design in order to find an overview of the planned development of UIN RIL and its readiness towards AUN-QA. The data sources in this study were taken from strategic planning documents and the opinions of the academics. Techniques for collecting data through documentation studies, deep interview, and participant observation. Non-structured interviews, so that data sources actively construct the cognitive world, and researchers try to capture the realm of that meaning. Analysis of data is collected simultaneously while collecting data with the principle of verstehen. The results of the study concluded that since the form changed from IAIN to UIN RIL development plans were discussed which were discussed in several stages and involved various stakeholders directed to the campus as an international reference. This can be seen in the vision, mission and objectives of UIN RIL. Likewise in priority programs and target targets there are points towards international scale achievements. The academics have welcomed with joy the change in form of IAIN to UIN RIL. All have stated that this is an opportunity to further develop the campus to reach international competition. Thoughts and energy were mobilized to develop UIN RIL towards becoming superior and competitive.

scholarly journals The Performance Analysis of The Community Economic Institutions (LEM) in Increasing Farmers’ Income of Cocoa Farming System

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 02029
Author(s):  
Rusdin ◽  
Dahya Agussalim ◽  
Sarjoni ◽  
Julian Witjaksono
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Technical Factor ◽  
Community Institution ◽  
The Government ◽  
Participatory Method

Cocoa is a predominant crop estate commodity produced in Southeast Sulawesi. The main constrain increasing cocoa productivity regarding the non-technical factor is developing cocoa community. The government has launched Cocoa Community Institution (LEM) to overcome lack of community development in a cocoa farming system. This study aims to identify institutions related to the community development based on cocoa commodity and to analyze the performance of LEM. This study was conducted in two Sub-Districts (Lambuya and Besulutu) of Konawe district in Southeast Sulawesi province. Participatory method was implemented to get the primary data through an open interview based on the performance indicators of LEM Sejahtera. The number of respondents was 30 farmers chosen by simple random sampling. The Cocoa Community Institution was the main purpose of this study focusing on its performance of LEM Sejahtera in enhancing smallholders’ income. The results of this study indicated that LEM Sejahtera in Besulutu had contributed significantly to supply input and lend money to help poor resource farmers based on the community development program.

scholarly journals Culture, Sexuality and Indigenous Healing in Pakistan: Exploring Sexual Health Care through Hakeems and Herbalists

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Abdul Qadar ◽  
Zia Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Indigenous Healing ◽  
Cultural Logic ◽  
Sexual Health Care ◽  
Cultural Order ◽  
Term Basis

Objective: This paper aims to understand the relationship between sexuality, culture, and male sexual health through the role of hakeems as an indigenous healing framework in Pakistan. Study Design: Participant observation (by first author) and personal practice (by second author). Place and Duration of Study: At a matab where second author practices hikmat is located in Islamabad. The fieldwork in the form of collaborative learning has been going on since September 2019 to date. Materials and Methods: This research is based on the participant observation at the matab where people come to seek herbal medicine and consultancy from the hakeem. Narrative account of anthropologist and practice of certified hakeem, through an interactive exchange of ideas about questions of the study, was employed. The study has taken information in the form of semi-structured interviews from the patients who either gave consent or asked to remain anonymous. Results: Results have shown that the nature of the relation between sexuality and cultural order have compelled people to seek hikmat as indigenous healing on a long-term basis. The framework of indigenous healers has helped to understand the cultural logic of sexuality, which is embedded more closely in the practice of hakeems than the biomedical regime. Conclusion: Cultural competence, in this case the same cultural background of the hakeem and patients, adds to our understanding of the indigenous healing framework, sexuality, and culture.

scholarly journals Experiencias de familias en pobreza en el sur de Mérida, Yucatán (México). Explorando posibilidades del Trabajo Social en el contexto neoliberal

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Silvia Montejo Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Interpretive Paradigm ◽  
The Family ◽  
Trabajo Social

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la pobreza desde las experiencias de dos familias de la colonia Emiliano Zapata Sur II de Mérida Yucatán, con la finalidad de contribuir al quehacer del Trabajo Social desde una perspectiva humanista. El análisis mantuvo un enfoque cualitativo que se colocó dentro de un paradigma interpretativo y se apoyó de un método fenomenológico. Se utilizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas y observación participante para obtener durante dos años los datos primarios. Entre los principales resultados se encuentran que los jefes de familia, son quienes palían la pobreza a través de su ingreso y liderazgo. Asimismo, existe un estigma sobre la colonia que la cataloga como “pobre” que influye en su condición. De igual forma, a pesar de que la familia es un sistema, cada miembro experimenta la pobreza de forma particular, necesitando más o menos recursos y satisfactores. Se recomienda para futuras investigaciones, tomar en consideración la “forma de pensar y de vivir” de la familia y de cada integrante, uno de los mayores retos al que el Trabajo Social se enfrenta desde todos sus campos de diagnóstico e intervención, dada la elevada población y la limitación de sus recursos como profesional dentro y fuera de las instituciones. The main objective of this research was to analyze poverty from the experiences of two families from the Emiliano Zapata Sur II neighborhood of Mérida Yucatán, in order to contribute to the work of Social Work from a humanistic perspective. The analysis maintained a qualitative approach that was placed within an interpretive paradigm and was supported by a phenomenological method. Semi-structured interviews and participant observation were used to obtain the primary data for two years. Among the main results are that the heads of the family are those who alleviate poverty through their income and leadership. Likewise, there is a stigma on the colony that classifies it as “poor” that influences its condition. Similarly, despite the fact that the family is a system, each member experiences poverty in a particular way, requiring more or less resources and satisfiers. It is recommended for future research to take into consideration the “way of thinking and living” of the family and of each member, one of the greatest challenges that Social Work faces from all its fields of diagnosis and intervention, given the high population and the limitation of their resources as a professional inside and outside the institutions.

Exploring self-care abilities among women in prisons of West Bengal, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198
Author(s):  
Debolina Chatterjee ◽  
Suhita Chopra Chatterjee ◽  
Tulika Bhattacharyya
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Relational Contexts ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Self-care is defined as the ability to take care of one’s body and health with or without the help of healthcare personnel. The purpose of this paper is to explore the opportunities for self-care among imprisoned women within the constraints of a confined life, which, in turn, affect their health. Design/methodology/approach Primary data have been collected through semi-structured interviews with 90 women in three prisons in the Indian state of West Bengal. Findings Findings reveal that a majority of the women cited the inability to self-care was due to factors such as constricted architecture, specific penal policies that thwarted relational contexts in prisons and also the loss of control over their consumptive choices. However, it was found that coping mechanisms also existed among some women who actively constituted penal spaces for self-care. Many long-term imprisoned women tried to actively engage themselves in daily activities such as the “labour” allotted to them. Practical implications The paper concludes that abilities to self-care have a deep impact on the health of women, which if not facilitated will lead to a health depleting experience. At a time when Indian prisons are focussing on rehabilitation, the recommendations for providing opportunities for self-care in prisons can minimize the “pains” of imprisonment and pave the way for rehabilitation. Originality/value The research is based on data collected during original fieldwork conducted in three prisons in West Bengal, India. It provides valuable insights on how penal environments affect self-care opportunities of imprisoned women.

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