scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF TROPICAL EEL GENUS Anguilla IN INDONESIA WATER BASED ON SEMI-MULTIPLEX PCR

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melta Rini Fahmi ◽  
Laurent Pouyaud ◽  
Patrick Berrebi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Glass Eels ◽  
Very High ◽  
Tropical Eel ◽  
Tropical Eels

Tropical eels living in Indonesian waters are known to be composed of several species, but their real listing together with their distribution ranges need to be established. The main difficulties are the very high number of islands with perennial rivers where these species are living during the growth phase of their life cycle. It is difficult, sometimes impossible, to determine the species using morphological characters, moreover on glass eels. In order to establish the geographic distribution of tropical eels of the genus Anguilla in Indonesian waters, a total 1,115 specimens were collected between 2008 and 2012. Sample collection was done in the growth habitats that are rivers and estuaries by commercial nets of different categories according to the fish size. All samples were identified genetically using the recently developed semimultiplex PCR method. We recognized four species and subspecies with wide distribution: Anguilla bicolor bicolor, Anguilla bicolor pacifica, Anguilla marmorata, and Anguilla interioris; two species with limited distribution, close to endemism: Anguilla celebesensis and Anguilla borneensis and one subspecies Anguilla nebulosa nebulosa that is only spread in river flowing into Indian Ocean.

Species composition, abundance and seasonal recruitment patterns of freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) to Viti Levu, Fiji Islands, in the western South Pacific

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1704 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Hewavitharane ◽  
T. D. Pickering ◽  
R. Ciro ◽  
N. Mochioka
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Glass Eels ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Freshwater Eels ◽  
Tropical Eels

To understand the inshore recruitment mechanisms of tropical eels (Anguilla spp.), we collected 1368 glass eels at the mouth of a small river at Namelimeli, ~2km east of Navua Town, Fiji Islands, between April 2015 and June 2016. Specimens were identified using both morphological characters and DNA barcoding to only three species: one short-finned Anguilla obscura and two long-finned eels A. marmorata and A. megastoma. Anguilla obscura was the most abundant species (55% of glass eels collected) with peak recruitment periods from February to April. Anguilla marmorata was the second most abundant species (41.4% of glass eels collected) with peak recruitment periods in April 2015 and September–October 2015. Anguilla megastoma only comprised 3.9% of glass eels collected, with peak recruitment periods in April 2015 and October 2015. Anguilla obscura and A. marmorata were present in samples almost throughout the year, suggesting that tropical eels recruit to some degree throughout the year. Results suggest that peak recruitment occurs during seasons of heavy rain, from September to October and from February to April commencing 1h after sunset on the day following a new moon.

scholarly journals Brassicaceous roots as an unexpected diversity hot-spot of helotialean endophytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose G Macia-Vicente ◽  
Meike Piepenbring ◽  
Ondřej Koukol
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Distribution Ranges

Abstract A high number of fungal strains were isolated from roots of Brassicaceae species collected across western and southern Europe, resulting in an unexpectedly rich collection of Cadophora species. These isolates enable us to present a new and comprehensive view of the ecological, morphological, and phylogenetic traits of root-inhabiting members of this helotialean genus. We provide phylogenetic placement of all of our isolates based on a four-gene dataset, analyze their phenotypic traits in relation to their phylogenetic relationships, and infer the potential distribution ranges of the species by sequence comparisons with available databases. We consider seven well supported phylogenetic lineages as species new to science. Six further lineages probably also represent new species but remain undescribed due to the lack of diagnostic morphological characters. Our results show that Cadophora , as currently circumscribed, is paraphyletic and encompasses a broad spectrum of morphologies and lifestyles. Among the new species, only two ( C. ferruginea and C. constrictospora ) form phialides and conidia typical of Cadophora , three species ( C. echinata , C. gamsii and C. variabilis ) produce chains of swollen hyphal segments that may function as holoblastic conidia, and one species ( C. fascicularis ) produces chains of holoblastic ramoconidia and conidia. Ancestral state reconstruction analysis suggests that phialidic conidiogenesis evolved several times in Cadophora sensu lato from a putatively holoblastic common ancestor. Most Cadophora lineages are rare as estimated from the availability of sequence data, in spite of having relatively wide distribution ranges, whereas five lineages may represent endemic relationships given their restricted distributions. Our dataset, probably the most comprehensive available for Cadophora , nevertheless shows knowledge gaps concerning the phylogenetic relationships within this genus and highlights a need for further investigation.

scholarly journals Brassicaceous roots as an unexpected diversity hot-spot of helotialean endophytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose G Macia-Vicente ◽  
Meike Piepenbring ◽  
Ondřej Koukol
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Distribution Ranges

Abstract A high number of fungal strains were isolated from roots of Brassicaceae species all over Europe, resulting in an unexpectedly rich collection of Cadophora species. These isolates enable us to present a new and comprehensive view of the ecological, morphological, and phylogenetic traits of root-inhabiting members of this helotialean genus. We provide phylogenetic placement of all of our isolates based on a four-gene dataset, analyze their phenotypic traits in relation to their phylogenetic relationships, and infer the potential distribution ranges of the species by sequence comparisons with available databases. We consider seven well supported phylogenetic lineages as species new to science. Six further lineages probably also represent new species but remain undescribed due to the lack of diagnostic morphological characters. Our results show that Cadophora, as currently circumscribed, is paraphyletic and encompasses a broad spectrum of morphologies and lifestyles. Among the new species, only two (C. ferruginea and C. constrictospora) form phialides and conidia typical of Cadophora, three species (C. echinata, C. gamsii and C. variabilis) produce chains of swollen hyphal segments that may function as holoblastic conidia, and one species (C. fascicularis) produces chains of holoblastic ramoconidia and conidia. Ancestral state reconstruction analysis suggests that phialidic conidiogenesis evolved several times in Cadophora sensu lato from a putatively holoblastic common ancestor. Most Cadophora lineages are rare as estimated from the availability of sequence data, in spite of having relatively wide distribution ranges, whereas five lineages may represent endemic relationships given their restricted distributions. Our dataset, probably the most comprehensive available for Cadophora, nevertheless shows knowledge gaps concerning the phylogenetic relationships within this genus and highlights a need for further investigation.

scholarly journals A non-destructive virtual dissection by micro-CT reveals diagnostic characters in the type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4441 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
JEANNE ROBINSON ◽  
JEREMY GIBSON ◽  
HELBER ADRIÁN ARÉVALO-MALDONADO ◽  
JURATE DE PRINS ◽  
JAMES WINDMILL
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Non Destructive

Nearly a century ago, wing venation was introduced in gracillariid taxonomy as a means to diagnose closely related genera and species groups. Recent advances in non-destructive virtual micro-dissections suggest promising approaches with which to revisit the relevance of wing venation characters on historic primary type specimens. Many unique type specimens in Gracillariidae and other microlepidoptera groups preserved in museum collections are in poor condition, and over the course of history have suffered loss or damage to their abdomens. Consequently, genitalia morphology is not available for diagnoses and comparisons. In this paper we emphasize the need to include the type species and type specimens into the broader context of taxonomic studies on micro-moths in general and the family Gracillariidae in particular. The genus Caloptilia has a world-wide distribution and has been the subject of research for more than 200 years, yet the generic boundaries and groupings within the genus are still unresolved due to the lack of a reliable set of taxonomic characters obtained from the primary types. We describe a method of virtual descaling of the fore- and hindwings using the unset micro-moth type specimen of Caloptilia stigmatella Fabricius, 1781, in order to demonstrate that the study of historic and fragile type specimens and diagnoses of their internal morphological characters becomes possible by applying new and non-destructive technology. 

scholarly journals Species composition of glass eels (Anguilla spp.) recruiting to the Palu River, Central Sulawesi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novalina Serdiati ◽  
Samliok Ndobe ◽  
Abigail Moore ◽  
Deddy Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Anguilla Marmorata ◽  
Glass Eels ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Tropical Eel

Demand for tropical eel seed has been increased and many tropical eel populations are under pressure. To conserve eel biodiversity and manage eel populations sustainably, it is necessary to identify eel species and their recruitment patterns at regional and watershed scales. The research objective was to determine the species composition and temporal recruit-ment patterns of glass eels recruiting to Palu River in Central Sulawesi. Glass eels sampling were conducted in January-April 2009, May-November 2010 and April-December 2011. Identification under anaesthetic (15-17.5 ppm clove oil solution) was based mainly on the number of ano-dorsal vertebrae (ADV). Species composition was dominated by two commercially species, Anguilla marmorata and A. bicolor pacifica with substantial variation and no clear temporal patterns. Specimens of other species that important from conservation and biodiversity aspects were present at each month but cannot be accurately identified using the ADV method. DNA analysis method is required to identify these specimens.

Redescriptions of Pugettia quadridens (De Haan, 1837) and P. intermedia Sakai, 1938 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Epialtidae) with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4672 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-68
Author(s):  
NAOYA OHTSUCHI ◽  
TOMOHIKO KAWAMURA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Local Variant ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Northeast Asian ◽  
Orbital Region ◽  
A New Species

Pugettia quadridens (De Haan, 1837) and its closely similar congener, P. intermedia Sakai, 1938, are redescribed and illustrated and their possible infraspecific variations related to sexual, ontogenetic, and environmental differences are discussed. As a result, a new species, Pugettia ferox, which had long been believed to be a local variant of P. quadridens sensu lato in the northeast Japan, is described. Despite moderate sexual dimorphism and considerable variability related to their ontogeny, the three species can be distinguished from each other by the combination of various morphological characters including the structure of the orbital region and male first gonopods. The patterns of ontogenetic morphological and morphometric changes in the chelipeds, gonopods, and pleons are also differentiated among the three species. The updated distribution ranges of three species greatly overlap in the northeast Asian waters, although P. quadridens sensu stricto is distributed more southward than P. ferox n. sp.. Distinguishing characters between P. quadridens s.s. and P. pellucens Rathbun, 1932, and between P. intermedia and P. vulgaris Ohtsuchi, Kawamura & Takeda, 2014, are revised. 

A simple rearing technique for larvae and observations on the larval biology of Australian ‘splendid ghost moths’, Aenetus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
ETHAN PEREGRINE BEAVER ◽  
JOHN GREHAN
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Larval Biology ◽  
New Host ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Associate Species

It is difficult to associate species of the wood-boring moth in the genus Aenetus with their host plant, because larvae develop inside live trees. A new method is described for rearing larvae of Aenetus eximia, A. lewinii, A. blackburnii, A. ligniveren and A. scotti in cut stems of trees containing larval tunnels by feeding them apple pieces. Larvae that completed development were reared from 49 to 396 days after collection from the field. Aspects of larval feeding webs and adult emergence are described, and new host records are documented. The rearing method is shown to provide an effective means of accurately determining the species of Aenetus developing inside a given host plant.  It was more convenient than obtaining pupae or emerging adults in the field, which is often not possible to do. The method should be useful for conducting surveys, particularly for species with wide distribution ranges. This method may also be effective for the study of other genera of callus feeding, stem boring Hepialidae, such as Archaeoaenetus, Endoclita, Phassus, Schausiana and Zeloptypia.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and early newborn screening: 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) during the first days of life

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gruñeiro de Papendieck ◽  
L Prieto ◽  
A Chiesa ◽  
S Bengolea ◽  
C Bergadá
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Very High ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Objective Definition of upper limits for 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) is important as its measurement is used in screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This study aimed at investigating the cut off concentrations in relation to the day of sample collection. Methods 17α-OHP concentration was determined in dried filter paper blood spots taken from cord blood and by heel pricking up to the sixth day of life. A sensitive fluoroimmunoassay (DELFIA) method was used. Samples from 1091 apparently healthy full term neonates were tested. Samples were separated according to the age of sampling. Results The 17α-OHP (nmol/l blood) (median and 97.5th centile) concentrations according to the age of sampling were: cord blood (n=126) 123.7, 265.6; first day 0–6 hours (n=30) 49.4, 80.3; 6–12 hours (n=57) 42.7, 79.8; 12–18 hours (n=58) 38.1, 62.7; 18–24 hours (n=67) 28.8, 49.7; second day 24–36 hours (n=51) 23.6, 43.3; 36–48 hours (n=63) 19.9, 35.4; third day (n=200) 10.6, 23.5; fourth day (n=197) 8.8, 20.8; fifth day (n=76) 6.4, 18.3; sixth day (n=166) 6.6, 19.4. Conclusion Cord 17α-OHP concentrations were very high as previously described, probably owing to steroid production by fetal adrenal glands. Therefore, cord blood is not useful for screening purposes. Thereafter there is a gradual decline in 17α-OHP median concentrations. A cut off value of 30 nmol/l blood was useful in samples obtained after 48 hours of life. However, cut off values before 48 hours should be adjusted according to the sampling time.

scholarly journals Phylogeny, time divergence, and historical biogeography of the South AmericanLiolaemus alticolor-bibroniigroup (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina N. Portelli ◽  
Andrés S. Quinteros
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
The South ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Andean Uplift ◽  
Diversification Hypothesis ◽  
Relaxed Clock

The genusLiolaemuscomprises more than 260 species and can be divided in two subgenera:EulaemusandLiolaemus sensu stricto. In this paper, we present a phylogenetic analysis, divergence times, and ancestral distribution ranges of theLiolaemus alticolor-bibroniigroup (Liolaemus sensu strictosubgenus). We inferred a total evidence phylogeny combining molecular (Cytband12Sgenes) and morphological characters using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference. Divergence times were calculated using Bayesian MCMC with an uncorrelated lognormal distributed relaxed clock, calibrated with a fossil record. Ancestral ranges were estimated using the Dispersal-Extinction-Cladogenesis (DEC-Lagrange). Effects of somea prioriparameters of DEC were also tested. Distribution ranged from central Perú to southern Argentina, including areas at sea level up to the high Andes. TheL. alticolor-bibroniigroup was recovered as monophyletic, formed by two clades:L. walkeriandL. gracilis, the latter can be split in two groups. Additionally, many species candidates were recognized. We estimate that theL. alticolor-bibroniigroup diversified 14.5 Myr ago, during the Middle Miocene. Our results suggest that the ancestor of theLiolaemus alticolor-bibroniigroup was distributed in a wide area including Patagonia and Puna highlands. The speciation pattern follows the South-North Diversification Hypothesis, following the Andean uplift.

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