scholarly journals FL code-switching in the L1 environment among early-aged monolingual learners: a pilot study

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
Marzena Wysocka-Narewska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Current State ◽  
Location Patterns ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
L1 And L2

Code-switching has recently become an interesting phenomenon to study because it is a part of the developmental processes, as well as the result of the use of, and exposure to, multiple languages. For this reason, code-switching usually occurs during foreign language teaching and learning, “especially when studying English based on the different backgrounds and reasons” (Yusuf, 2009). Accordingly, code-switching can be examined from various viewpoints such as the form, location, patterns, conditions, and functions, in relation to the use or the roles of the L1 and L2 or FL in the classroom, the former being most often referred to. This paper aims to determine the conditions for the use of code-switching in a quite different situation, namely, among very young learners conceived of as monolinguals who happen to switch to English (FL) in the L1 classroom environment. The article opens with a brief characterization of code-switching, defining its most frequent forms and functions, and a description of bilingual and monolingual code-switching contexts, an emphasis being put on the role of L1 in the language adaptation process and switching. The study, composed of a questionnaire distributed among 5 kindergarten teachers in public kindergartens in Poland, has shown bits and pieces of code-switching to be observed among four groups of Polish children (early-aged monolinguals), and their “linguistic behaviors” on a daily basis in the kindergarten classroom. What has been hinted at ranges from the exact situations of switching to language samples, presented according to age, and possible reasons for the current state of affairs.

scholarly journals Polish-English Code-Switching in the Language of Polish Facebook Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-120
Author(s):  
Daria Pańka
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Full Picture ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
L1 And L2

Social networking services, such as Facebook, are important channels of communication both for monolingual users and for those having various degrees of proficiency in L2, with the latter deploying expression both from L1 and L2. It can, therefore, be presumed that communication on FB plays a role in practicing the use of L2. One of the phenomena that can be examined in relation to that are various forms of code-switching. There is animmense research gap related to Polish-English code-switching appearing on this SNS. To obtain a full picture of the issue, the paper identifies and discusses types, strategies, and functions of Polish-English code-switches found in posts and comments published by Poles on Facebook in 2014–2019. It also indicates possible applications of FB tools and materials including CS in foreign language teaching and learning and shows how Facebook enables “social learning” (Mallia, 2013). The research is based on a corpus constructed by the author of this article. An integrated approach with both qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis is used in the paper. Three main CS types (intrasentential, intersentential, and tag-switching) and strategies (alternation, insertion, and congruent lexicalisation) have been attested in the material. The code-switches mostly indicate in-group membership but also, for example, introduce humor, quotes, and signal a lack of L1 equivalents. The study points out that there are certain relations between the types, strategies and functions. The resultsof the research are collated with the recent studies on Polish-English and Indonesian-English CS on Facebook.

scholarly journals Emotions in leaders’ enactment of professional agency

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Päivi Hökkä ◽  
Katja Vähäsantanen ◽  
Susanna Paloniemi ◽  
Sanna Herranen ◽  
Anneli Eteläpelto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Leadership Coaching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
A Current

Purpose Although there has been an increase in workplace studies on professional agency, few of these have examined the role of emotions in the enactment of agency at work. To date, professional agency has been mainly conceptualised as a goal-oriented, rational activity aimed at influencing a current state of affairs. Challenged by this, this study aims to elaborate the nature and quality of emotions and how they might be connected to the enactment of professional agency. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected in the context of a leadership coaching programme that aimed to promote the leaders’ professional agency over the course of a year. The participants (11 middle-management leaders working in university and hospital contexts) were interviewed before and after the programme, and the data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings Findings showed that emotions played an important role in the leaders’ enactment of professional agency, as it pertained to their work and to their professional identity. The study suggests that enacting professional agency is by no means a matter of purely rational actions. Practical implications The study suggests that emotional agency can be learned and enhanced through group-based interventions reflecting on and processing one’s own professional roles and work. Originality/value As a theoretical conclusion, the study argues that professional agency should be reconceptualised in such a way as to acknowledge the importance of emotions (one’s own and those of one’s fellow workers) in practising agency within organisational contexts.

scholarly journals German Teachers’ Digital Habitus and Their Pandemic Pedagogy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-905
Author(s):  
Carolyn Blume
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Teacher Professionalization ◽  
Current State ◽  
Explanatory Account ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Near Future

Abstract After closing public schools in early 2020 to slow the spread of Covid-19, attempts to provide continuity of education in Germany by means of digital tools faltered in variety of ways, with insufficient competence and inadequate technology leading to inequitable access and uneven implementation. Understanding how German teachers were caught unprepared in this time of crisis, especially in comparison with their European neighbors, requires an examination of their habitus as discussed by Bourdieu and Wacquant (1992) that accounts for their behaviors beyond existing models regarding technology acceptance. Drawing on existing sociological and media-related studies, this contribution will describe the attitudes of German teachers and educational decision-makers in light of their digital, cultural, and educational habitus to provide a partial explanatory account for the current state of affairs. It will show how traditional skepticism for innovation among teachers in general, and German teachers in particular, is reinforced by demographic and sociological characteristics of the German teacher population and the nature of German schooling. After describing extant conditions regarding digitally mediated educational experiences during the initial Covid-19 phase in Germany based on emerging data, this article will subsequently identify prospective issues in this area in the near future. While the transition to digital teaching and learning has the potential to bring about a number of challenges, early data suggests that a possibility of significant positive development may occur as well. Based on these indications, the article will conclude with implications for teacher professionalization going forward.

scholarly journals Real tense and real aspect in mirativity

2015 ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Teresa Torres Bustamante
Keyword(s):  
Past Tense ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Time Argument ◽  
Modal Base ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Lifetime Effects ◽  
Usual Interpretation

The goal of this paper is an account of the role of tense and aspect in mirative constructions in Spanish. I propose that the past tense morphology and the imperfect/perfect morphology in Spanish miratives contribute their standard meanings to the semantics of mirativity. I define mirativity as the clash between the speaker’s previous beliefs and the current state of affairs asserted by the proposition. I propose a M operator that relates the speaker’s beliefs and the proposition by ranking the worlds in which the proposition doesn’t hold in the speaker’s previous beliefs as better ones. The past tense is interpreted outside the proposition, and constitutes the time argument of the modal base (doxastic domain). Aspect gets its usual interpretation in the proposition but also in the alternative propositions that order the worlds in the modal base. This way, differences regarding the imperfect mirative and the pluperfect one are accounted for. Finally, the paper also discusses stative miratives, which apparently challenge part of the analysis. I claim that these are not counter examples, but rather confirmation of the analysis, once we account for the interaction between miratives, statives and lifetime effects.

Innovation in Russia: regional and industrial aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
I. V. Khristoforova ◽  
I. I. Idilov ◽  
M. S. Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Federal State ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Current State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Desk Research

The article is of an analytical and analytical nature and is based on information prepared in the course of desk research. Secondary data from the Internet is used, including from the website of the Federal State Statistics Service. The review made it possible to consider the current state of affairs in the field of innovation management in the Russian Federation, to make comparisons on individual indicators in territorial and sectoral contexts. The main problems and possible ways of development of innovative activity are revealed; the role of the state in the development of innovative policy of the country, regions, specific industries and enterprises is shown.

A Framework for Communicability of Software Documentation

2009 ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kamthan
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Computer Architectures ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Software Documentation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
State Of Affairs

The role of communication is central to any software development. The documentation forms the message carrier within the communication infrastructure of a software project. As software development processes shift from predictive to adaptive environments and serve an ever more hardware diverse demographic, new communication challenges arise. For example, an engineer may want to be able to remotely author a document in a shell environment without the need of any special purpose software, port it to different computer architectures, and provide different views of it to users without making modifications to the original. However, the current state of affairs of software documentation is inadequate to respond to such expectations.

A Framework for Communicability of Software Documentation

2011 ◽  
pp. 1574-1579
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kamthan
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Software Documentation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Agile Software

The role of communication is central to any software development. The documentation forms the message carrier within the communication infrastructure of a software project. As software development processes shift from predictive to adaptive environments and serve an ever more hardware diverse demographic, new communication challenges arise. For example, an engineer may want to be able to remotely author a document in a shell environment without the need of any special purpose software, port it to different computer architectures, and provide different views of it to users without making modifications to the original. However, the current state of affairs of software documentation is inadequate to respond to such expectations. In this article, we take the position that the ability of documents to be able to communicate at all levels intrinsically depends upon their representation. The rest of the article proceeds as follows. We first outline the background necessary for later discussion. This is followed by a proposal for a quality-based framework for representing software documentation in descriptive markup and application to agile software documentation. Next, challenges and avenues for future research are outlined. Finally, concluding remarks are given.

Distance Learning From Itinerant Teachers to Cloud-Based Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 855-869
Author(s):  
Linda D. Grooms
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Distance Teaching ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nature Of Technology ◽  
Itinerant Teachers ◽  
State Of Affairs

The knowledge explosion, the increased complexity of human life, and the ubiquitous, 24/7 nature of technology coupled with the globalization of the marketplace herald the need to embrace the most effective methods and platforms of teaching and learning. Currently providing powerful educational opportunities, the science and technology of distance teaching and learning continues to multiply at unprecedented rates. While historically traveling from village to village verbally disseminating knowledge was the only process of training those at a distance, today's learners eagerly embrace the rapidly expanding cloud-based technologies of the 21st century, offering a plethora of informational and educational opportunities. With this exponentially expanding global educational landscape, one must question what exactly distance teaching and learning is, how it has evolved, what the current state of affairs is, and what we anticipate in the future?

scholarly journals Biomedical Informatics for Sustainable Health Systems. Editorial

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Geissbuhler ◽  
R. Haux ◽  
C. Kulikowski
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Biomedical Informatics ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Conference Theme ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Sustainable Health

SummaryTo provide an editorial introduction to the 2007 IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics with an overview of its contents and contributors.A brief overview of the main theme of “Biomedical Informatics for Sustainable Health Systems”, and an outline of the purposes, contents, format, and acknowledgment of contributions for the 2007 IMIA Yearbook.In resonance with the MEDINFO 2007 conference theme “Building Sustainable Health Systems”, this issue of the Yearbook examines the role of healthcare informatics in helping face the challenge of sustainability for our health systems, through a number of original contributions, and selected papers published during the past 12 months.This timely topic, along with the review and surveys on the main streams of research in medical informatics, offer a complete overview of the development of our field. This current state of affairs is put in the perspective of the fortieth birthday of IMIA, reflecting on the past achievements of the Association, and outlining its potential to continue shaping the world of medical informatics.

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