A study of the effects of climatic temperature changes on the corrugated structure

A review of the literature suggests need for re-examination of the bases for some reported climatic temperature–fish productivity relationships. In some instances adequate provision does not appear to have been made for changes in the amount of fishing, in economic conditions or in the efficiency of the fishing fleets. Possible fortuitous relationships should be avoided by exhaustive tests of the representativeness of both the temperature and fishery data. They can arise from many sources such as the use of air temperatures to represent subsurface conditions, particularly for short-term periods. Due to the considerable variation in temperatures between stations and between seasonal temperatures at any given station there is a high chance of attaining significant but invalid correlations. Also, the methodology of relating temperature with fishery data, such as time-lagging and correlation analyses, should conform with the life history of the species investigated.Consideration of the above leads to the belief that any possible effects of climatic-temperature changes upon the Pacific and Atlantic halibut stocks appear to have been over-whelmed by fishing.

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Mapping climatic temperature changes in the ocean with acoustic tomography: navigational requirements

IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering ◽

10.1109/48.557547 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 128-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J.L. Spiesberger ◽

A.L. Fabrikant ◽

A.A. Silivra ◽

H.E. Hurlburt

Keyword(s):

Acoustic Tomography ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Climatic Temperature

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Cryo-TEM of amphiphilic polymer and amphiphile/polymer solutions

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100150216 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 876-877

Author(s):

Yeshayahu Talmon

Keyword(s):

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Physical Models ◽

Specimen Preparation ◽

Time Resolved ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Temperature And Humidity ◽

Microstructured Fluids ◽

Air Streams

To achieve complete microstructural characterization of self-aggregating systems, one needs direct images in addition to quantitative information from non-imaging, e.g., scattering or Theological measurements, techniques. Cryo-TEM enables us to image fluid microstructures at better than one nanometer resolution, with minimal specimen preparation artifacts. Direct images are used to determine the “building blocks” of the fluid microstructure; these are used to build reliable physical models with which quantitative information from techniques such as small-angle x-ray or neutron scattering can be analyzed.To prepare vitrified specimens of microstructured fluids, we have developed the Controlled Environment Vitrification System (CEVS), that enables us to prepare samples under controlled temperature and humidity conditions, thus minimizing microstructural rearrangement due to volatile evaporation or temperature changes. The CEVS may be used to trigger on-the-grid processes to induce formation of new phases, or to study intermediate, transient structures during change of phase (“time-resolved cryo-TEM”). Recently we have developed a new CEVS, where temperature and humidity are controlled by continuous flow of a mixture of humidified and dry air streams.

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Application of pyrometer and standard sample to determine surface temperature of studied materials

Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika ◽

10.32446/0368-1025it.2019-12-9-13 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

V.Ya. Mendeleyev ◽

V.A. Petrov ◽

A.V. Yashin ◽

A.I. Vangonen ◽

O.K. Taganov

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Relative Error ◽

Wavelength Range ◽

Standard Sample ◽

A Priori ◽

Temperature Changes ◽

Surface Temperatures ◽

Relative Errors ◽

Normal Emissivity

Determining the surface temperature of materials with unknown emissivity is studied. A method for determining the surface temperature using a standard sample of average spectral normal emissivity in the wavelength range of 1,65–1,80 μm and an industrially produced Metis M322 pyrometer operating in the same wavelength range. The surface temperature of studied samples of the composite material and platinum was determined experimentally from the temperature of a standard sample located on the studied surfaces. The relative error in determining the surface temperature of the studied materials, introduced by the proposed method, was calculated taking into account the temperatures of the platinum and the composite material, determined from the temperature of the standard sample located on the studied surfaces, and from the temperature of the studied surfaces in the absence of the standard sample. The relative errors thus obtained did not exceed 1,7 % for the composite material and 0,5% for the platinum at surface temperatures of about 973 K. It was also found that: the inaccuracy of a priori data on the emissivity of the standard sample in the range (–0,01; 0,01) relative to the average emissivity increases the relative error in determining the temperature of the composite material by 0,68 %, and the installation of a standard sample on the studied materials leads to temperature changes on the periphery of the surface not exceeding 0,47 % for composite material and 0,05 % for platinum.

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