scholarly journals Improvement of Daylight Factor Model for Window Size Optimization and Energy Efficient Building Envelope Designs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-221
Author(s):  
Chahrazed Mebarki ◽  
◽  
Essaid Djakab ◽  
Abderrahmane Mejedoub Mokhtari ◽  
Youssef Amrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The Impact

Based on a new approach for the prediction of the Daylight Factor (DF), using existing empirical models, this research work presents an optimization of window size and daylight provided by the glazed apertures component for a building located in a hot and dry climate. The new approach aims to improve the DF model, considering new parameters for daylight prediction such as the orientation, sky conditions, daytime, and the geographic location of the building to fill in all the missing points that the standard DF, defined for an overcast sky, presents. The enhanced DF model is considered for the optimization of window size based on Non dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA II), for heating and cooling season, taking into account the impact of glazing type, space reflectance and artificial lighting installation. Results of heating and cooling demand are compared to a recommended building model for hot and dry climate with 10% Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) for single glazing. The optimal building model is then validated using a dynamic convective heat transfer simulation. As a result, a reduction of 48% in energy demand and 21.5% in CO2 emissions can be achieved. The present approach provides architects and engineers with a more accurate daylight prediction model considering the effect of several parameters simultaneously. The new proposed approach, via the improved DF model, gives an optimal solution for window design to minimize building energy demand while improving the indoor comfort parameters.

The impact of technology on architecture in Iran with focus on saving in energy consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Shahin Heidari ◽  
Hamed Mazaherian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Growth and development of technology caused enormous transformation and change in the world after Industrial Revolution. The contemporary human has prepared the platform for their realization in many activities that the humans were unable to do it in the past time and struck the dream of their realization in their mind so that today doing many of those activities have been apparently practical by human. This accelerating growth accompanied with consuming a lot of energy where with respect to restriction of the given existing resources, it created energy crises. On the other hand, along with growth in industry and requirement for manpower and immigration from village to city and basic architectural changes in houses, which have emerged due to change in social structure it has led to change in lifestyle and type and quantity of consuming energy in contemporary architecture. Inter alia, with increase in human’s capability, cooling and heating and acoustic and lighting technologies were also changed in architecture and using mechanical system was replaced by traditional systems. Application of modern systems, which resulted from growth of industry and development of technology and it unfortunately, caused further manipulation in nature and destruction of it by human in addition to improving capability and potential of human’s creativity. With respect to growth of population and further need for housing and tendency to the dependent heating and cooling systems to them in this article we may notice that the housing is assumed as the greatest consumer of energy to create balance among the exterior and interior spaces in line with creating welfare conditions for heating and cooling and lighting. The tables of energy demand prediction in Iran show that these costs and energy consumption will be dubbed with energy control smart management in architecture.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Techno-Economic Optimization of Design Parameters for Residential Buildings in Different Climate Zones

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Georg Frey
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Climate Zones

The comprehensive approach for a building envelope design involves building performance simulations, which are time-consuming and require knowledge of complicated processes. In addition, climate variation makes the selection of these parameters more complex. The paper aims to establish guidelines for determining a single-family household’s unique optimal passive design in various climate zones worldwide. For this purpose, a bi-objective optimization is performed for twenty-four locations in twenty climates by coupling TRNSYS and a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-III) using the Python program. The optimization process generates Pareto fronts of thermal load and investment cost to identify the optimum design options for the insulation level of the envelope, window aperture for passive cooling, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), shading fraction, radiation-based shading control, and building orientation. The goal is to find a feasible trade-off between thermal energy demand and the cost of thermal insulation. This is achieved using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) through criteria importance using intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results demonstrate that an optimal envelope design remarkably improves the thermal load compared to the base case of previous envelope design practices. However, the weather conditions strongly influence the design parameters. The research findings set a benchmark for energy-efficient household envelopes in the investigated climates. The optimal solution sets also provide a criterion for selecting the ranges of envelope design parameters according to the space heating and cooling demands of the climate zone.

scholarly journals A New Approach for Solving Rub-Impact Dynamic Characteristics of Shrouded Blades Based on Macroslip Friction Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Guofang Nan ◽  
Jianyang Lou ◽  
Chuanchong Song ◽  
Min Tang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Rotating Machinery ◽  
Equivalent Stiffness ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Damping Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Based on the macroslip friction model, a new dynamic model of the shrouded blades for rotating machinery is developed to study the impact vibration between the adjacent blades. Unlike the traditional analytical method of the shrouded blade based on the simple Coulomb friction model, a new approach is developed that the macroslip friction model is used to represent a more accurate rubbing behavior (more closer to reality) between the shrouds. By means of the harmonic balance method, the friction force and the normal pressure are translated into the equivalent stiffness and the equivalent damping. The Galerkin method is adopted to reduce the dimension of the equation to obtain the 1-DOF equation of motion, and the dynamic response of the shrouded blade is solved by Runge–Kutta numerical method. The effects of parameters such as the gap of shrouds, the mass of the tip, the contact angle, and the normal stiffness between the shrouded blades on the damping characteristics are discussed. The results show that the gap of tips has a significant effect on the vibration amplitude of the blade. Within a certain range, with the decrease of the gap, the amplitude of the blade tip is getting smaller while the resonant speed is increasing. The mass of the shroud has little effect on the damping characteristics, while the contact angle has a great influence on the equivalent stiffness and damping. Increasing the contact angle to a certain extent can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude of the blade, and the normal contact stiffness also has an important influence in reducing the vibration. The research results based on the new method in this paper are compared with the published articles and agree well. The research work is important to the accurate calculations and design and control of the shrouded blades for rotating machinery.

scholarly journals Energy-Saving Design of Building Envelope Based on Multiparameter Optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Weinan Gan ◽  
Yunzhong Cao ◽  
Wen Jiang ◽  
Liangqiang Li ◽  
Xiaolin Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Window Size ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Design Variables

The contradiction between the indoor environment and building energy consumption has been controversial. The design of building envelope involves many parameters such as window size and exterior wall material. These parameters have significant influence on building energy-saving design and indoor environment. In this paper, nondominant sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is utilized to calculate winter heat consumption, indoor total lighting energy consumption, and thermal comfort. The Pareto method is used to select the compromise solution and effective value of each building parameter. Different from other studies, we add more architectural design variables into the model calculation, which can bring architects more detailed energy-saving design content.

scholarly journals Optimal Bespoke CDO Design via NSGA-II

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Diresh Jewan ◽  
Renkuan Guo ◽  
Gareth Witten
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Dependence Structure ◽  
Portfolio Optimisation ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Clayton Copula ◽  
Computational Aspects ◽  
Similar Rating ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This research work investigates the theoretical foundations and computational aspects of constructing optimal bespoke CDO structures. Due to the evolutionary nature of the CDO design process, stochastic search methods that mimic the metaphor of natural biological evolution are applied. For efficient searching the optimal solution, the nondominating sort genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used, which places emphasis on moving towards the true Paretooptimal region. This is an essential part of real-world credit structuring problems. The algorithm further demonstrates attractive constraint handling features among others, which is suitable for successfully solving the constrained portfolio optimisation problem. Numerical analysis is conducted on a bespoke CDO collateral portfolio constructed from constituents of the iTraxx Europe IG S5 CDS index. For comparative purposes, the default dependence structure is modelled via Gaussian and Clayton copula assumptions. This research concludes that CDO tranche returns at all levels of risk under the Clayton copula assumption performed better than the sub-optimal Gaussian assumption. It is evident that our research has provided meaningful guidance to CDO traders, for seeking significant improvement of returns over standardised CDOs tranches of similar rating.

Thermal Bridges Minimizing through Typical Details in Low Energy Designing

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rastislav Ingeli ◽  
Boris Vavrovič ◽  
Miroslav Čekon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Low Energy Buildings ◽  
Thermal Bridges ◽  
The Impact

Energy demand reduction in buildings is an important measure to achieve climate change mitigation. It is essential to minimize heat losses in designing phase in accordance of building energy efficiency. For building energy efficiency in a mild climate zone, a large part of the heating demand is caused by transmission losses through the building envelope. Building envelopes with high thermal resistance are typical for low-energy buildings in general. In this sense thermal bridges impact increases by using of greater thickness of thermal insulation. This paper is focused on thermal bridges minimizing through typical system details in buildings. The impact of thermal bridges was studied by comparative calculations for a case study of building with different amounts of thermal insulation. The calculated results represent a percentage distribution of heat loss through typical building components in correlation of various thicknesses of their thermal insulations.

Multi-objective optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarn for producing knitted and woven fabrics with least abrasive damage

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Vinay Kumar Midha ◽  
Nemai Chandra Ray
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slub Yarn

Purpose This study aims to optimize the parametric combination of injected slub yarn to achieve least abrasive damage on fabrics produced from it. Design/methodology/approach Single base injected slub yarn structural parameters, vis-à-vis slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, were varied during preparation of yarn samples under this research work. A total of 17 yarn samples were produced according to the Box and Bhenken design of the experiment. Subsequently knitted and woven (using injected slub yarns in the weft only) fabric samples were prepared from these yarns. Yarn and fabric samples were abraded with standard instruments to see the impact of yarn structural parameters on abrasive damage of fabric in terms of fabric mass loss and appearance deterioration. From the test results, empirical models relating to slub parameters and fabric abrasion behavior were developed through a backward elimination regression approach. Subsequently, a set of optimal parametric combinations was derived with multi-objective evolutionary algorithms by using MATLAB software. This was followed by ranking all optimal solutions through technique for order preference by similarity to idle solution (TOPSIS) score analysis. Findings The injected slub yarn’s structural parameters have a strong influence on the abrasive damage of knitted and woven fabric. It is seen that the best suitable parametric combination of slub parameters for achieving the least abrasive damage is not the same for knitted and woven fabric. Practical implications The spinner can explore this concept to find out the best suitable parametric combination during pattern making of injected slub yarn through MATLAB solution followed by TOPSIS score analysis based on their priority of criteria level to ensure better abrasion behavior of fabric produced. Originality/value Optimization of parametric combination of injected slub yarns will help to ensure production of fabric with most resistance to abrasion for specific applications. The studies showed that the optimal solution for woven and knitted fabrics is different. The result indicates that in the case of knitted fabric, comparatively lesser slub thickness is found to be suitable for getting better fabric abrasion resistance, whereas in the case of woven fabric, comparatively higher slub thickness is found suitable for the same.

Integrating building modelling with future energy systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Carbon Performance ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
The Impact

The low-carbon building design process for a building engineer is often confined to construction, building services and occupancy. However, as we see coincident changes in climate, technologies, fuels and operation, it becomes important to extend this understanding to include wider energy systems, while clarifying the importance of the built environment within that system. With energy systems, such as the National Grid, involving multiple actors from different disciplines, a key challenge is to provide guidance and future projections that are translated into different discipline-specific vernaculars, but with a genesis of common assumptions. More generally, integration across the disciplines must be reflected by modelling approaches, policy-making frameworks and outputs. This article will demonstrate the initial stages of the energy demand research of the Centre of Energy Systems Integration project, where novel modelling techniques are being used to explore the effect of future buildings on national energy systems. Practical application: The tools and techniques described within this article are designed with future industry practice in mind. The driver is the increased importance of external factors outside the traditional building envelope in determining the energy and carbon performance of a building (or buildings). Building engineers, and others within building design teams, require a new portfolio of tools and resources to better account for the impact of buildings on wider energy systems and vice versa. The role of such practitioners is therefore likely to evolve.

scholarly journals Energy Monitoring in a Heating and Cooling System in a Building Based on the Example of the Turówka Hotel

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Borowski ◽  
Piotr Mazur ◽  
Sławosz Kleszcz ◽  
Klaudia Zwolińska
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
And Control

The energy consumption of buildings is very important for both economic and environmental reasons. Newly built buildings are characterized by higher insulation and airtightness of the building envelope, and are additionally equipped with technologies that minimize energy consumption in order to meet legal requirements. In existing buildings, the modernization process should be properly planned, taking into account available technologies and implementation possibilities. Hotel buildings are characterized by a large variability of energy demand, both on a daily and a yearly basis. Monitoring systems, therefore, provide the necessary information needed for proper energy management in the building. This article presents an energy analysis of the Turówka hotel located in Wieliczka (southern Poland). The historical hotel facility is being modernized as part of the project to adapt the building to the requirements of a sustainable building. The modernization proposal includes a trigeneration system with a multifunctional reverse regenerator and control module using neural algorithms. The main purpose is to improve the energy efficiency of the building and adapt it to the requirements of low-energy buildings. The implementation of a monitoring system enables energy consumption to be reduced and improves the energy performance of the building, especially through using energy management systems and control modules. The proposed retrofit solution considers the high energy consumption, structure of the energy demand, and limits of retrofit intervention on façades.

scholarly journals Channel Optimization of Marketing Based on Users’ Social Network Information

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chaolin Peng
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
User Interest ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
The Impact

Marketing in the social network environment integrates current advanced internet and information technologies. This marketing method not only broadens marketing channels and builds a network communication platform but also meets the purchase needs of customers in the entire market and shortens customer purchases. The process is also an inevitable product of the development of the times. However, when companies use social networks for product marketing, they usually face the impact of multiple realistic factors. This article takes the maximization of influence as the main idea to find seed users for product information dissemination and also considers the users’ interest preferences. The target users can influence the product, and the company should control marketing costs to obtain a larger marginal benefit. Based on this, this paper considers factors such as the scale of information diffusion, user interest preferences, and corporate budgets, takes the influence maximization model as a multiobjective optimization problem, and proposes a multiobjective maximization of influence (MOIM) model. To solve the NP-hard problem of maximizing influence, this paper uses Monte Carlo sampling to calculate high-influence users. Next, a seed user selection algorithm based on NSGA-II is proposed to optimize the above three objective functions and find the optimal solution. We use real social network data to verify the performance of models and methods. Experiments show that the proposed model can generate appropriate seed sets and can meet different purposes of information dissemination. Sensitivity analysis proves that our model is robust under different actual conditions.

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