scholarly journals OVIPOSITION DETERRENCE AND ADULT EMERGENCE INHIBITION ACTIVITIES OF CYMBOPOGON NARDUS AGAINST CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS WITH STUDY ON NON-TARGET ORGANISMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 4915-4931 ◽  
Author(s):  
I ILAHI
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Oviposition Deterrence ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus

RNAi-Mediated Screening of Selected Target Genes Against Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed M S Khalil ◽  
Kashif Munawar ◽  
Azzam M Alahmed ◽  
Ahmed M A Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lethal Genes

Abstract Culex quinquefasciatus, a member of the Culex pipiens complex, is widespread in Saudi Arabia and other parts of the world. It is a vector for lymphatic filariasis, Rift Valley fever, and West Nile virus. Studies have shown the deleterious effect of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of various lethal genes in model and agricultural pest insects. RNAi was proposed as a tool for mosquito control with a focus on Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae. In this study, we examined the effect of RNAi of selected target genes on both larval mortality and adult emergence of Cx. quinquefasciatus through two delivery methods: soaking and nanoparticles. Ten candidate genes were selected for RNAi based on their known lethal effect in other insects. Disruption of three genes, chitin synthase-1, inhibitor of apoptosis 1, and vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase, resulted in the highest mortality among the selected genes using the two treatment methods. Silencing the other seven genes resulted in a medium to low mortality in both assays. These three genes are also active against a wide range of insects and could be used for RNAi-based mosquito control in the future.

scholarly journals Mosquitocidal activities of Chenopodium botrys whole plant n-hexane extract against Culex quinquefasciatus

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ilahi ◽  
A. M. Yousafzai ◽  
M. Attaullah ◽  
T. U. Haq ◽  
A. Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Retention Factor ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Oviposition Deterrent ◽  
Adulticidal Activity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Abstract This research aimed to investigate various mosquitocidal activities of Chenopodium botrys whole- plant n-hexane extract against Culex quinquefasciatus. The extract showed remarkable larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, oviposition deterrent and adult emergence inhibitory activities against Cx. quinquefasciatus. During the larvicidal and pupicidal activities, the 24-hour lethal concentration (LC50) of extract against 2nd instar larvae, 4th instar larvae and pupae were 324.6, 495.6 and 950.8 ppm, respectively. During the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) bottle bioassay for adulticidal activity, the median knockdown times (KDT50) at 1.25% concentration was 123.4 minutes. During the filter paper impregnation bioassay for adulticidal activity, the KDT50 value at 0.138 mg/cm2 concentration was 48.6 minutes. The extract was fractionated into 14 fractions through silica gel column chromatography which were then combined into six fractions on the basis of similar retention factor (Rf) value. These fractions were screened for adulticidal activity by applying CDC bottle bioassay. The fraction obtained through 60:40 to 50:50% n-hexanes-chloroform mobile phase with 0.5 Rf value showed 100% adulticidal activity at 0.2% concentration. During oviposition deterrent activity, the highest concentration (1000 ppm) showed 71.3 ± 4.4% effective repellence and 0.6 ± 0.1 oviposition activity index. During adult emergence inhibition activity, the median emergence inhibition (EI50) value was 312.3 ppm. From the outcome of the present investigation, it is concluded that the n-hexane extract of C. botrys whole- plant possesses strong larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, oviposition deterrent and adult emergence inhibitory activities against Cx. quinquefasciatus.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some Accessions of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna Subterranean L. Verdc) for Resistance to Bruchid Infestation, Based on Grain Source and Seed Coat Colour

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonaventure Chukwujindu Echezona ◽  
Chinedu Felix Amuji ◽  
Simon Eze
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Oviposition Deterrence ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Laboratory Trial ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract The relative susceptibility of different accessions of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean L. Verdc) to Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) was assessed in a laboratory trial in Nigeria. Treatments were comprised factorial combinations of four grain sources from Nigeria (Enugu, Anambra, Benue and Kogi state) and three predominantly contrasting seed coat colours (black, brown, and milky-colour) laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). There were four replications of each treatment. Egg depositions by adult C. maculatus were affected by grain sources such that ovipositions on those sourced from the state of Anambra were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those from other sources. Similarly, black coloured grains harboured more insects and eggs compared to other seed coat colours. Accesssions collected from Benue and/or those with a milky-coloured seed coat showed some levels of oviposition deterrence. However, the interaction of grain source and seed coat colour was not significant based on oviposition, adult emergence, and mortality counts. Grain sources and seed coat colour were, therefore, important traits to be considered while selecting ideotypes for resistance to C. maculatus

scholarly journals Aceite de Cymbopogon nardus y Pelargonium citrosum, como repelentes de Culex quinquefasciatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-603
Author(s):  
Agustín Aragón García ◽  
José Luis De Vega Lotzin ◽  
Betzabeth Cecilia Pérez-Torres ◽  
Miguel Ángel Damián Huato ◽  
Omar Romero Arenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus ◽  
Los Grupos

Uno de los grupos de insectos que causan daños y molestias en los seres vivos, son los mosquitos, además son vectores de enfermedades. Generalmente, el método más utilizado para evitar los problemas ocasionados por estos insectos es la aplicación de productos químicos sintéticos; sin embargo, su mal manejo y abuso, causan resistencia a estos productos y que cada vez existan más organismos. Con base a lo anterior en el presente trabajo se evaluó la efectividad repelente del aceite esencial de citronela (Cymbopogon nardus L.), inf lamable e incombustible, la planta Pelargonium citrosum (Van) y un gel comercial a base de extractos vegetales sobre adultos del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). En Ciudad Universitaria de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla y durante los meses de junio a septiembre de 2010, se realizaron cinco ensayos con diferente número de tratamiento. El aceite comercial de citronela (C. nardus), tanto inf lamable e incombustible, funcionó ef icazmente como repelente contra C. quinquefasciatus, resultando mejor la combinación de ambos aceites. El gel elaborado a base de laurel, cedrón y lavanda, es un repelente natural que solo permite que se posen entre 14 y 23 mosquitos y la planta P. citrosum actúa como repelente de los mosquitos a distancias de 9 m2.

scholarly journals Fumigation Toxicity of Essential Oil Monoterpenes to Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmilayo E. Ajayi ◽  
Arthur G. Appel ◽  
Henry Y. Fadamiro
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Oviposition Deterrence ◽  
Cowpea Weevil ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Fumigation Toxicity

The fumigant toxicity of eight essential oil components, 1-8-cineole, carvacrol, eugenol, (−)-menthone, (−)-linalool, S-(−)-limonene, (−)-β-pinene, and (+)-α-pinene, was tested against the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), at 0.25–60 µL/L air doses. 1-8-Cineole, carvacrol, and eugenol caused complete adult mortality at 10 µL/L air 24 h after treatment. 1-8-Cineole and carvacrol were the most toxic with LD50 values of 0.24 and 0.6 µL/L air at 24 h, respectively. (−)-β-Pinene and (+)-α-pinene were the least toxic with LD50 values of 31 and 31.4 µL/L air at 24 h, respectively. Toxicity was negatively correlated with vapor pressure. 1-8-Cineole and carvacrol caused 100% oviposition deterrence at all doses tested. Eugenol and (−)-menthone completely inhibited adult emergence. S-(−)-Limonene, (−)-β-pinene, and (+)-α-pinene were not effective at preventing oviposition or adult emergence, suggesting that a lethal dose of the three oil components would be necessary to control C. maculatus infestations.

Incorporation of micro/nanoparticles of PCL with essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus in bacterial cellulose

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Aline Krindges ◽  
Vanusca Dalosto Jahno ◽  
Fernando Morisso
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Static Culture ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus ◽  
Cellulose Membranes

Incorporation studies of particles in different substrates with herbal assets growing. The objective of this work was the preparation and characterization of micro/nanoparticles containing cymbopogon nardus essential oil; and the incorporation of them on bacterial cellulose. For the development of the membranes was used the static culture medium and for the preparation of micro/nanoparticles was used the nanoprecipitation methodology. The incorporation of micro/nanoparticles was performed on samples of bacterial cellulose in wet and dry form. For the characterization of micro/nanoparticles were carried out analysis of SEM, zeta potential and particle size. For the verification of the incorporation of particulate matter in cellulose, analyses were conducted of SEM and FTIR. The results showed that it is possible the production and incorporation of micro/nanoparticles containing essential oil in bacterial cellulose membranes in wet form with ethanol.

El mosquito Culex Quinquefasciatus, una plaga urbana

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Martha Giselle Rivera Pineda ◽  
Sandra Patricia Garzón Lozano ◽  
Luz Inés Villarreal Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus

El mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus ha surgido como una plaga urbana de importancia sanitaria en Bogotá y sus alrededores. Su presencia es favorecida por la proliferación de una planta acuática, el buchón, cuyo crecimiento es estimulado por vertimientos de aguas residuales en ríos y embalses. Dentro de los diferentes tipos de control posibles de este insecto plaga, se destaca el control biológico, el cual presenta ventajas en cuanto a su eficiencia y bajo impacto ambiental.

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