scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF CHIA SEEDS AND THEIR SANITARY SAFETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Valevskaya ◽  
A. Iegorova ◽  
L. Ovsiannykova ◽  
O. Sokolovskaya ◽  
F. Marchenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Peroxide Values ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Linolenic Fatty Acid ◽  
Unique Composition ◽  
Unique Chemical

Currently, there are more and more requirements not only to the quality of food, but also to the raw materials it is made from. This leads to the search for new, non-traditional products. One of these is chia seeds (Salvia hispanica). The article provides data on their useful properties. The high demand for chia seeds is due to their unique chemical composition. The main feature of the seeds of this crop is that they contain many chemical substances of high calorific and biological value, as compared with cereals and oilseeds traditionally grown in Ukraine. In chia seeds, there are 30–35% of fat, 25–41% of carbohydrates, and 20–22% of protein. Chia seeds are a valuable source of vitamin B, calcium, potassium, iron, zinc, and copper. The fatty acid composition of this crop indicates a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. 63.3% of them is linolenic fatty acid, which belongs to ω-3 acids and is important for the brain function, growth, and development of a living organism. That is why it is so important to find optimal ways of preparing freshly harvested chia seeds so as to extend their shelf life. These ways must take into account the biological and chemical characteristics of this crop, and make it possible to preserve its consumer properties for further targeted processing. The article presents the results of studying the quality indicators and microbiological condition of chia seeds to establish how long they can be safely stored and to assess the sanitary safety of this crop. It has been shown that within the period of 6 months, the greatest changes in the quality of chia seed oil are observed at 25°C: there is a significant increase in the acid and peroxide values and a decrease in the iodine value (the latter indicates spoilage of chia seeds). Lowering the air temperature to 5°C slows down the enzymatic processes that take place in chia seeds, and inhibits the increase of the acid and peroxide values of fat, which ensures retention of the consumer properties of seeds. It has been established that the seeds of the crop under study can be stored, without any loss of their quality, for 6 months at 5–15°C and the relative humidity 60–70%. All the beneficial properties of chia seeds are due to their unique composition, so they are supposed to be widely used for specialised and functional nutrition

Methodical approaches to the substantiation of accommodation of the object for food products in the boundaries of sanitary-protective zones of enterprises of other lines of the industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 1308-1314
Author(s):  
Irina V. May ◽  
Svetlana A. Vekovshinina ◽  
Svetlana V. Kleyn ◽  
Nadejda V. Nikiforova
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Quality Of Food

Introduction. In conditions of the high density of urban development, efficient use of municipal lands is of particular relevance. Food production facilities make up a significant sector of many cities’ economy, including centers of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemistry, petrochemistry, mining, etc., i.e., settlements where significant areas are limited in use by sanitary protection zones. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 3, 2018, No. However, such a justification is a scientific and methodological problem since there is no regulatory consolidation of the procedure. The purpose of the study was to develop and practically test methodological approaches to justification the admissibility (inadmissibility) of placing a food production facility in the sanitary protection zone of enterprises in other line of the industry. Material and methods. Design and technical documentation were studied on sources of data on air quality at the industrial site and indoors, and the quality of food products. Authors performed hygienic assessment of the safety and quality of air, raw materials, water, and manufactured food products for compliance with sanitary requirements and standards. When analyzing potential threats to contamination of food products, a mechanism was used to isolate critical points of the technological process. Results. An algorithm for the formation of the evidence base of the absence (presence) of the negative impact on food quality, the fact of the location of the production facility in the sanitary protection zone of a large industrial enterprise on the quality of food products is proposed. On the example of the production of juices from natural concentrated products, each step of the algorithm has been worked out: analysis of the technological process of production; hazard identification, instrumental measurements of the quality of environmental objects and raw materials and products. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm allows creating a reliable evidence base for deciding on the admissibility (inadmissibility) of the location of the food production facility in the sanitary protection zone of the enterprise with a different type of activity, tested in real conditions of a large industrial unit. The algorithm can be used as a base for the widespread use and further improvement.

scholarly journals Fluorescence Spectroscopy Applied to Monitoring Biodiesel Degradation: Correlation with Acid Value and UV Absorption Analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maydla dos Santos Vasconcelos ◽  
Wilson Espíndola Passos ◽  
Caroline Honaiser Lescanos ◽  
Ivan Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Magno Aparecido Gonçalves Trindade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Uv Absorption ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Linolenic Fatty Acid

The techniques used to monitor the quality of the biodiesel are intensely discussed in the literature, partly because of the different oil sources and their intrinsic physicochemical characteristics. This study aimed to monitor the thermal degradation of the fatty acid methyl esters of Sesamum indicum L. and Raphanus sativus L. biodiesels (SILB and RSLB, resp.). The results showed that both biodiesels present a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, ∼84% (SILB) and ∼90% (RSLB). The SILB had a high content of polyunsaturated linoleic fatty acid (18  :  2), about 49%, and the oleic monounsaturated (18  :  1), ∼34%. On the other hand, RSLB presented a considerable content of linolenic fatty acid (18  :  3), ∼11%. The biodiesel samples were thermal degraded at 110°C for 48 hours, and acid value, UV absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy analysis were carried out. The results revealed that both absorption and fluorescence presented a correlation with acid value as a function of degradation time by monitoring absorptions at 232 and 270 nm as well as the emission at 424 nm. Although the obtained correlation is not completely linear, a direct correlation was observed in both cases, revealing that both properties can be potentially used for monitoring the biodiesel degradation.

scholarly journals Dietary chia (Salvia hispanica L.) improves the nutritional quality of broiler meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Batelli de Souza Nardelli Mendonça ◽  
Sérgio Turra Sobrane Filho ◽  
David Henrique de Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo Machado Costa Lima ◽  
Priscila Vieira e Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids ◽  
Chia Oil

Objective: The current study was conducted to evaluate the quality and profile of fatty acid in the breast and thigh, and the performance of broilers fed diets containing seed or oil of chia (<i>Salvia hispanica L.</i>) as a replacement for soybean, in the rearing period from 29 to 42 days of age.Methods: On the 29th day of age, 120 broilers were distributed in four treatments evaluated in five replicates of six birds. The grain or oil of soybean was respectively replaced on a weightto-weight basis in the formulation by the seed or oil of chia, constituting the experimental diets. The roasted whole soybean and chia seed were included in the feed at 16.4%, whereas the soybean and chia oils were included at 2.5%.Results: The dietary chia oil increased the lipid peroxidation in the thigh meat, and the dietary chia seed increased the cooking loss of the thigh. However, for the other physicochemical parameters evaluated and for the proximate composition of the breast and thigh, in general, the inclusion of chia seed or oil in the diet provided similar or better results than those observed when the diets contained soybean oil or roasted whole soybean. With regard to the fatty acid profile and associated parameters, dietary chia increased the concentrations of α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids and reduced the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices of the broiler meat. However, the dietary chia seed worsened the feed conversion ratio.Conclusion: Diet containing 2.5% chia oil supplied to broilers during the period from 29 to 42 days of age improves the feed conversion ratio, increases the deposition of the ω-3 fatty acids in the breast and thigh, in addition to reducing the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices, thereby resulting in meat with higher nutritional quality.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF APPROACHES TO ISOLATION OF ANIMAL BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Lukinova ◽  
Elena A. Kotenkova ◽  
Ekaterina K. Polischuk
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Quality Of Food

This article highlights the problem of the use of chemical preservatives in the food industry. The prospects of implementation natural substances with an antimicrobial effect for prolonging shelf life and improving the quality of food products are also discussed. Methods for isolating of antimicrobial substances from epithelial and mucous tissues of animal origin are proposed, taking into account the minimization of losses of their biological activity in accordance with the structure of protein-peptide molecules. Based on the results of the determination of antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using flow cytometry, stains Eva Green and PI, the most promising raw materials were determined and the feasibility of using weakly acid extraction followed by trypsinolysis for releasing antimicrobial substances from preprotein molecules and ultrafiltration for purification from high-molecular compounds were investigated.

scholarly journals ВЕТЕРИНАРНО–САНІТАРНА ЕКСПЕРТИЗА І ВЕТЕРИНАРНО–САНІТАРНА ОЦІНКА М’ЯСА КРОЛІВ РІЗНОВІКОВИХ ГРУП, ВИРОЩЕНИХ У ПРИВАТНОМУ СЕКТОРІ СМТ. ЄМІЛЬЧИНЕ, ЄМІЛЬЧИНСЬКОГО РАЙОНУ, ЖИТОМИРСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
V.A. Kotelevych
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Rabbit Meat

Among the global problems of today to the victims of the Chernobyl accident areas Zhytomyr region priority is safety and quality of animal products in Postchernobyl period. Safety and quality of food and raw materials is one of the key factors that ensure public health and preserve its gene pool. At the request of the Law of Ukraine. On the safety and quality of food and other regulatory legal acts, subject to the provisions of international law Codexalimentarius State Veterinary and Phytosanitary Service of Ukraine took the implementation in practice of veterinary medicine guidelines of good manufacturing and hygienic practices (GMP / GHP) «meat production», according to which «the conditions of growing animals for meat production should contribute to the production of safe and quality meat».Conducted research found that addressing diet, nutrition of the population, especially children and the elderly, as environmentally hazardous environments rabbit should take the lead. For radionuclide content in rabbit meat is very low. The specific activity of meat rabbits 4–month old was at <1.9 ± 0.47 Bq/kg for the content of 137 Cs and 3.7 ± 0.88 Bq/kg for the content of 90 Sr. In adult rabbit meat, these figures were respectively 4.8 ± 0.46 Bq/kg and 6.2 ± 1.2 (at a rate of 200 and 20 Bq/kg). In comparative perspective Meat 4–monthly Californian rabbits precocious meat breed has a high performance organoleptically–tasting than in adults. The taste, juiciness, color and flavor overall GPA was, neck and chest muscles – 4.3 points, lumbar–pelvic – 4.7 points, while the rate in adult animals was respectively 3.6 and 3.8 points. . Index zbytosti California precocious males breed in 4–months of age was 74.9%, and in two years – 86.2%. Slaughter output respectively – 49.2% and 44.2%, out of pure meat – 82.0% and 81.8%. In the carcass of rabbits that were grown in the farm, prosperous in infectious and parasitic diseases, pathological changes available. 

scholarly journals Calcium soap from palm fatty acid distillate for ruminant feed: Ca(OH)2 as calcium source

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 02062
Author(s):  
Lienda A. Handojo ◽  
Antonius Indarto ◽  
Dian Shofinita ◽  
Anggina Meitha ◽  
Rakhmawati Nabila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Calcium Soap ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
Soap Production ◽  
Ruminant Feed

PFAD can be utilized as raw material for producing calcium soap, a kind of ruminant feed supplement. It gives benefits to the ruminants’ health and increases the quantity and quality of cattle’s milk. This research evaluated the effect of stoichiometric mole ratio of Ca(OH)2 to PFAD and water temperature on calcium soap production using PFAD and calcium hydroxide as raw materials by applying modified fusion method. The result showed that the acid value of products decreased as the mole ratio of Ca(OH)2 to PFAD increased and the low water temperature lowered the acid value of products. The highest fatty acid conversion (98%) was achieved at the stoichiometric mole ratio of 3. However, the use of such high mole ratio is not preferable because the product will have excessive calcium, which may disturb the absorption of other minerals in ruminant’s digestion. Thus, further research related to operating condition and the use of other calcium sources in the calcium soap production is still required.

scholarly journals The influence of mycotoxins in food on fish health status

2005 ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dobrila Jakic-Dimic ◽  
Svetlana Jeremic ◽  
Ksenija Nesic ◽  
V. Radosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Regular Control ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
High Level ◽  
Essential Prerequisite

In our country, there is present extensive, semi-intensive and intensive growing of cyprinid fish species. The quality of food is an essential prerequisite for obtaining optimal production results in fish production. Fish food is being produced as a complete pellet meal, and raw materials used are of plant, animal, mineral and vitamin origin. Out of plant feed, the most commonly used ones are corn, wheat, barley, oats, soy and others. By applying additional carbohydrate food, energetic needs of an organism are being met. In this paper, we presented the results of hygienic safety of carbohydrate feed (corn, wheat, barley) investigated in the laboratory of Veterinary Research Institute of Serbia in Belgrade within regular control, or with the aim of establishing the causes of disturbance of health status and decreased production results in the pond. During 2004 we performed microbiology and mycotoxicology investigations of the total of 43 samples, namely: 31 corn samples, 8 barley samples and 4 wheat samples. The obtained results point at a high level of mould contamination (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, and Rhizopus) and the presence of their secondary mycotoxin metabolites (aflatoxin, ochratoxin, trichothecenes and zearalenone) in feed.

scholarly journals Chemical and bioactive properties of the oils from Brazilian nuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Tainara Costa ◽  
Carolina Médici Veronezi ◽  
Neuza Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Lipid Fractions

This paper aims to determine the content of bioactive substances of lipid fractions extracted from Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythis pisonis and Dipteryx lacunifera, in by the interest of better identifying the quality of these raw materials. Proximate composition of nuts was determined by official methods and total carbohydrate was calculated by difference. The oils were extracted from the nuts by cold pressing and analyzed for fatty acid composition, tocopherols, phytosterols and total carotenoids and phenolics compounds. The fatty acid composition of oil extracted from L. pisonis was more unsaturated compared with others oils. L. pisonis oil showed to be richer in total tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, moreover showed considerable total phytosterol and carotenoid amounts, thus representing an important source of vitamins A and E. The oils showed significant content of phenolic compounds, with the exception of the oil extracted from D. lacunifera. The study revealed that the oils from Brazilian nuts contain bioactive compounds in relevant quantities, L. pisonis oil standing out. This fact favors their use for food and, as raw material in chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, adding value to products derived from these oils, increasing the viable sources of raw materials.

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