scholarly journals Differentiating instruction for learners’ mathematics self-efficacy in inclusive classrooms: Can learners with dyscalculia also benefit?

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Charity N. Onyishi ◽  
Maximus M. Sefotho
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Senior Secondary ◽  
Mathematics Self Efficacy

Poor mathematics self-efficacy (MSE) has been recorded among learners at all levels in Nigeria. The study reported on here sought to establish the efficacy of differentiated instruction (DI) in raising learners’ MSE in inclusive settings. We also explored the differential effects of DI on the MSE of learners with dyscalculia, as well as on high- and low-achieving learners. We adopted a control group quasi-experimental research design involving 1 experimental and 1 control group. A total of 4 mathematics teachers and 158 Senior Secondary II (SSII) learners in 4 regular classes participated in the study. Mathematics teachers participated in a one week DI training workshop to equip them with DI skills for whole-term mathematics instruction. The Students’ Mathematics Self-efficacy Scale (SMSES) was used for data collection at pre- and post-intervention evaluations. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The major findings reveal that using DI led to significant improvements in learners’ MSE. Prior achievement (PA) had a significant influence on MSE; however, DI was effective in reducing the negative effects of poor PA on the self-efficacy of low-achieving learners and learners with dyscalculia. It was concluded that DI offers teachers the impetus to help all learners to improve their self-efficacy in mathematics.

Outcomes of Community-Based Youth Empowerment Programs Adopting Design Thinking: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152110014
Author(s):  
Siu-ming To ◽  
Xiaoyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: Using a nonrandomized control group pretest–posttest assessment, this study aimed to examine the outcomes of community-based youth empowerment initiatives that were informed by design thinking. Method: A total of 553 youth living in Hong Kong were recruited to participate in this study. Among them, 213 youth self-selected to join the experimental group, and 340 youth joined the two control groups. Multivariate analysis of covariance and post hoc group comparisons were used to examine the differences among the three groups at the posttest assessment. Results: The results indicate a positive improvement in creative self-efficacy among participants of the experimental group compared to the two control groups. Significant differences were also found between the experimental group and the second control group in terms of youth–adult partnerships and youth empowerment in the community. Conclusion: Youth empowerment programs informed by design thinking may reinforce self-efficacy beliefs by encouraging youth to bring about innovations in their community.

scholarly journals The impact of a peer-based education on fruits and vegetables intake among housewives

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Sheybani ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Sayed Hossein Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Amin Ghanbarnejad
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Evidence indicates the lower intake of fruits and vegetables than the recommended daily amount. Study aimed at determining the effects of peer education intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetable in housewives. Methods A quasi-experimental was conducted with 130 housewives referring to health care centers in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Sixty-five subjects were recruited in each of the intervention and the control groups. Intervention group were divided into three subgroups each receiving a seven-sessions educational programs (lecturing and group discussion) through peers about the importance of benefits of fruits and vegetables consumption. Participants were followed for two months. Data were collected using a questionnaire in two stages of pre- and post-intervention. Differences in the outcome before and after the intervention were tested using T-test and paired T-test. Results The daily servings of fruits and vegetables in the intervention group increased from 1.73 to 4.20 and in the control group from 1.96 to 2.16; a statistically significant difference was also observed between the groups (P < 0.001). After the intervention benefits and self-efficacy of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly increased and perceived barriers of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Peer education improves benefits and self-efficacy, reduces barriers, and increases the daily servings of fruits and vegetables in housewives.

scholarly journals Effect of Hands-on Activity-Based Method on Interest of Senior Secondary Students in Organic Chemistry

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Oluwatosin Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Secondary Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Senior Secondary

The study investigated the effect of hands-on activity-based method on interest of senior secondary chemistry students in organic chemistry. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. A sample of 184 students from four purposively selected secondary schools out of a population of 2,381 SS II students from Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria was used for the study. The experimental group was taught organic chemistry using hands-on activity-based method while the control group was taught using discussion method. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A validated 25-item Organic Chemistry Interest Inventory (OCII) was the instrument used to collect data. Reliability coefficients of 0.84 were established using Cronbach Alpha. Mean and Standard Deviation scores were used to answer the research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated that students taught using hands-on activity-based had significantly higher mean interest scores than those taught using discussion method (F=387.370, P(0.0001&lt;0.05). Male and female students in hands-on activity-based group did not differ significantly in mean interest scores (F= 117.523, P(0.101&gt;0.05). It was recommended that teachers should be encouraged to adopt hands-on activity-based method in teaching organic chemistry to enhance students’ interest in organic chemistry.

scholarly journals Effect of Student Teams-Achievement Divisions and Think–Pair–Share on Students’ Interest in Reading Comprehension

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eucharia Okwudilichukwu Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Senior Secondary ◽  
Experimental Group

The study investigated the effect of two cooperative learning strategies (the student teams-achievement divisions and think–pair–share methods) on students’ interest in reading comprehension. Seventy-eight senior secondary II students were randomly selected from three schools in Vandeikya Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria. A pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design was adopted. The Interest in Reading Inventory (<em>R </em>= 0.09) was the instrument used. Two hypotheses were tested at .05 levels of significance. Three intact classes were randomly assigned as Experimental Group 1, Experimental Group 2, and the control group. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and analysis of covariance was used to test the hypothesis. The results showed significant main effect of treatment on students’ interest in reading comprehension, <em>F</em>(1,51) = 3.743, <em>p </em>< .05. Students exposed to Student Teams-Achievement Divisions program performed better than those in the control group. Furthermore, Think–Pair–Share has significant effect on students’ interest in reading comprehension, <em>F</em>(1,51) = 18.018, <em>p </em>< .05). Thus, cooperative learning has shown to be effective in improving students’ interest in reading comprehension.

scholarly journals Effects of experiential-based videos in multi-disciplinary learning

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Bin Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Alex Ong ◽  
Jeannette Choy ◽  
Lisa Lim
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motivational Strategies ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Projectile Motion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

<p>This study examined the use of authentic experiential-based videos in self-explanation activities on 32 polytechnic students' learning and motivation, using a mixed method quasi-experimental design. The control group analysed a set of six pre-recorded videos of a subject performing the standing broad jump (SBJ). The experimental group captured videos of two subjects performing six variations of the SBJ. They then proceeded to analyse those videos as with the control group. All students then attempted a worksheet designed to elicit various levels of principled understanding of the topic on "projectile motion". In addition, data on students' motivation to learn and learning outcomes were measured by using three subscales of the Motivational Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) ― task value, critical thinking, and self-efficacy ― both before and after the intervention. Data were also collected through online pre- and post-tests, classroom observations as well as reflection journals. No significant differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of the post-intervention results were found (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). However, the results suggested that use of experiential-based videos and video-based tools may in fact be more beneficial for students who are weaker in critical thinking and self-efficacy, to gain a better understanding of their learning.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Pre-lesson assignments and formative assessment strategies with interactive invention instruction on low achievers in physics

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Edidiong Enyeneokpon Ukoh ◽  
Sunday Adeyemi Onifade
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Achievement ◽  
Low Achieving Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Senior Secondary ◽  
Assessment Strategies

This study examined the impacts of Interactive–Invention Instruction with Pre-Lesson Assignments (PLA) and Weekly Formative Tests Assessment Strategies (WFTAS) on students with low achievement in Physics in Ibadan, Nigeria. Pre-test post-test quasi-experimental research design and ninety Senior Secondary II students participated in the study. Two experimental groups and control were taught using Interactive-invention instruction, in addition, experimental group (1) was exposed to PLA while group (2) was exposed to WFTAS but the control group was only taught with interactive-invention instruction. Physics Achievement Test (r=0.89) and three teachers guides were instru-ments used while analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyse the data. The treatments had significant main effect on low achieving students’ achievements in physics (F(2,75) =9.205; p<0.05, partial η2 = 0.197). Low achieving students exposed to the treat-ments obtained a higher post-test mean score of 14.10 for PLA, 16.02 for WFTAS, than those exposed to Interactive-invention instruction only 11.47. It was therefore concluded that the pre-lesson assignments and weekly formative tests assessment strategies improv-ed the performance of low achieving students in physics. It was recommended that teach-ers identify students with low achievement early and inter-twine their chosen instructio-nal strategies with Pre-Lesson Assignment and Weekly Formative Test Assignment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Islamic Spiritual Mindfulness on Self-Efficacy in Anger Management among Schizophrenic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-412
Author(s):  
Meidiana Dwidiyanti ◽  
Ashri Maulida Rahmawati ◽  
Dian Ratna Sawitri
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Anger Management ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control

Background: The prevalence of schizophrenia has increased in the last few years. Nevertheless, methods in assisting schizophrenic patients have not improved significantly. Islamic spiritual mindfulness is a spiritual approach that can help schizophrenic patients increase their self-efficacy in anger management. However, the application of this intervention is still not well researched.Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of Islamic spiritual mindfulness on self-efficacy in anger management among schizophrenic patients.Methods: This study utilized a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a control group. A total of 54 schizophrenic patients were purposively recruited and divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=27) and the control group (n=27). The intervention group received four sessions of Islamic spiritual mindfulness in two weeks, while the control group received a standard intervention from the hospital. The data were collected using the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy (RESE) scale and analyzed using the t-test.Results: The results showed a significant difference in self-efficacy scores between the control and intervention groups (p=0.000) after the intervention. In the pre-test, the mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group was lower than the control group (M=28.15 vs. M=30.26) without a significant difference. However, in the post-test, a significant difference in self-efficacy between the intervention and control groups was found (M=46.44 vs. M=46.44; p=0.000).Conclusion: Islamic spiritual mindfulness significantly affects self-efficacy among schizophrenic patients. The Islamic spiritual mindfulness can be applied as a new form of approach to increase self-efficacy in schizophrenic patients.

scholarly journals The effect of training and supervision on primary health care workers’ competence to deliver maternal depression inclusive health education in Ibadan, Nigeria: a quasi-experimental study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyinka Olufolake Adefolarin ◽  
Gershim Asiki ◽  
Oyedunni S Arulogun ◽  
Oye Gureje
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A

Abstract Background Health workers lacked the competence to address maternal depression in routine the health education in Nigeria. Hence, awareness among maternal-child health clients is low. We assessed the effect of training and/ supervision on knowledge, skills and self-efficacy of primary healthcare workers in delivering health talks and the clients’ knowledge on maternal depression. Methods A quasi-experimental study design was adopted. Five Local Government Area (LGAs) in the Ibadan metropolis were grouped according to geographical proximity and randomly assigned to experimental (Group A=two LGAs) and control (Group B= three LGAs) with 12 primary health centres in each group. All primary health care workers recruited in group A received a one-day training on maternal depression. Good Knowledge Gain (GKG), Good Skill Gain (GSG) and Self-Efficacy (SEG) based on bloom’s cut off were assessed in both groups. After 1 week, the knowledge of all the PHCs’ attendees in the two groups were assessed. A week after, a half of group A’s PHCs received supportive supervision and a clinic based health education skill assessment was conducted. The knowledge of clients and their health seeking were also assessed. Fisher’s exact test, independent t test and Poisson regression were used to analyze differences in percentages and mean/ factors associated with GKG, GSG and SE, using SPSS 25. Results Training improved gains in the experimental versus controls as follows: GKG (84.3% vs. 15.7%), GSG (90.7% vs 9.3%) and SEG (100% vs 0%). Training contributed to the good gain in knowledge (RR=6.03; 95%CI =2.44-16.46; p<0.01); skill (RR=1.88; CI=1.53-2.33; p<0.01).) and self-efficacy (RR=2.74; CI=2.07-2.73; p<0.01). Clients in the experimental group had higher knowledge gain score than in the control (7.10±2.4 versus -0.45±2.37); p<0.01). The rater supervisor observed better motivation in the supervised group than the not supervised. Forty clients sought help in the intervention group while none in the control group. Thirty-five clients sought help in the supervised group while only five did in the not supervised. Conclusions Training followed by supervision improved the competence of health workers to transfer knowledge to clients. This is recommended in the primary healthcare settings to improve uptake of maternal mental health services.

scholarly journals Group singing in bereavement: effects on mental health, self-efficacy, self-esteem and well-being

2019 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2018-001642
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt ◽  
Saoirse Finn ◽  
Katey Warran ◽  
Theresa Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Post Intervention

ObjectivesBereavement is associated with negative affective, cognitive, behavioural and physiological responses. However, factors, such as coping, self-efficacy and self-esteem, can buffer negative effects of grief, and can be increased through mutual support interventions, such as shared leisure activities. This study used a non-randomised controlled design to explore the effects of group choir singing on mental health among people who have been bereaved due to cancer.MethodsA total of 58 adults bereaved in the last 5 years who had not started psychological therapy in the last 12 weeks or medication for anxiety or depression in the last month were recruited and elected to join a choir (n=29) or participate in the non-intervention control group (n=29). Joining a choir involved engaging in 90 min weekly singing and social sessions for 12 weeks with a post-intervention assessment at week 24. We used linear mixed effects models adjusted for demographics, health-related variables, musical engagement and time since bereavement to model changes over time between the two groups in symptoms of anxiety, depression, well-being, self-efficacy and self-esteem.ResultsParticipants who sang in a choir had more stable symptoms of depression and levels of well-being, as well as gradual improvements in their sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem over the 24 weeks. In contrast, those in the control group showed gradual increases in depressive symptoms, reductions in levels of well-being and self-esteem and no improvement in their self-efficacy. These results were independent of all covariates.ConclusionsWeekly group singing could be a promising mutual support intervention for people experiencing grief.Trial registration numberNCT02756780.

scholarly journals The effect of training and supervision on primary health care workers’ competence to deliver maternal depression inclusive health education in Ibadan, Nigeria: a quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyinka Olufolake Adefolarin ◽  
Asiki Gershim ◽  
Arulogun Oyedunni Sola ◽  
Gureje Oye
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A

Abstract Background Health workers lack the competence to address maternal depression in the routine health education in Nigeria. Hence, awareness among maternal-child health clients is low. We assessed the effect of training and supervision on knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy of primary healthcare workers in delivering health talks and the clients’ knowledge on maternal depression. Methods A quasi-experimental study design was adopted. Five Local Government Area (LGAs) in the Ibadan metropolis were grouped according to geographical proximity and randomly assigned to experimental (Group A = two LGAs) and control (Group B = three LGAs) with 12 primary health centres in each group. All primary health care workers recruited in group A received a one-day training on maternal depression. Good Knowledge Gain (GKG), Good Skill Gain (GSG) and Self-Efficacy (SEG) were assessed in both groups. 1-week post-training, the knowledge of all the PHCs’ attendees in the two groups was assessed. Two weeks post- training, a half of experimental group’s PHCs received supportive supervision and a clinic-based health education delivery skill assessment was conducted. The knowledge of clients and their health seeking were also assessed. Fisher’s exact test, independent t test and Poisson regression were used to analyze differences in percentages and mean/ factors associated with GKG, GSG and SE, using SPSS 25. Results Training improved gains in the experimental versus controls as follows: GKG (84.3% vs. 15.7%), GSG (90.7% vs 9.3%) and SEG (100% vs 0%). Training contributed to the good gain in knowledge (RR = 6.03; 95%CI =2.44–16.46; p < 0.01); skill (RR = 1.88; CI = 1.53–2.33; p < 0.01).) and self-efficacy (RR = 2.74; CI = 2.07–2.73; p < 0.01). Clients in the experimental group had higher knowledge gain score than in the control (7.10 ± 2.4 versus − 0.45 ± 2.37); p < 0.01). The rater supervisor observed better motivation in the supervised group than the not supervised. Forty clients sought help in the intervention group while none in the control group. Thirty-five clients sought help in the supervised group while only five did in the not supervised. Conclusions Training followed by supervision improved the competence of health workers to transfer knowledge to clients. This intervention is recommended for primary healthcare settings to improve uptake of maternal mental health services.

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