scholarly journals Yield and economics of blackgram crop effected by green manures and phosphorus levels in riceblackgram cropping sequence

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-358
Author(s):  
K. Anny Mrudhula ◽  
Y. Suneetha
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Green Manure Crop ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiments was conducted during 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of green manures and phosphorus levels in blackgram crop at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla. The experiment was conducted in split- split plot design on sandy clay loam soil with three main treatments three subtreatments to Kharif rice and three sub-sub treatments to Rabi crop. The treatments consisted of Dhaincha green manure crop, sunnhemp green manure crop and without green manure as main plot treatments and three phosphorus levels to rice crop comprising of 45 kg P2O5 ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 75 kg P2O5 ha-1 as sub- plot treatments and are replicated thrice. The Rabi experiment was laid out on the same site in a split-split plot design without disturbing the soil for succeeding blackgram crop and each of the Kharif plot was divided into three sub-sub plots to receive three levels of phosphorus (No P, 50% RDP and 100% RDP) to each plot. Yield and economics of blackgram which received Dhaincha green manure incorporation with 75 kg P2O5 ha-1 to Kharif rice crop and 100% RDP to Rabi blackgram was recorded significantly higher and it was on a par with sunnhemp green manure incorporation with 75 kg P2O5 ha-1 to Kharif rice crop and 100% RDP to Rabi blackgram.

scholarly journals Yield and economics of rice crop as influenced by green manures and phosphorus levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
K. Anny Mrudhula ◽  
Y. Suneetha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Green Manure Crop ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of green manures and phosphorus levels to rice crop at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla. The experiment was conducted in split plot design on sandy clay loam soil with three main treatments and three subtreatments. The treatments consisted of Dhaincha green manure crop, sunnhemp green manure crop and without green manure as main plot treatments during Kharif season and three phosphorus levels to rice crop @ 45 kg P2O5 ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 75 kg P2O5 ha-1as sub-plot treatments. Significantly the highest grain yield of rice was recorded with Dhaincha green manure incorporated treatment (5592 and 5587 kg ha-1) when compared to control. Among the phosphorus levels applied to rice crop the highest grain yield (5545 and 5567 kg ha-1) was recorded with 75 kg P2O5 ha-1 and it was on a par with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 during both the years of study. Dhaincha green manure incorporation to rice crop recorded maximum gross returns (Rs. 88724 and Rs. 88703), net returns (Rs. 36024 and Rs. 36003) and benefit cost ratio (1.68 and 1.7) and significantly the maximum gross returns (Rs. 88014 and Rs. 88443), net returns (Rs. 35005 and Rs. 34585), benefit cost ratio (1.67 and 1.7) were observed, which received 75 kg P2O5 ha-1 treatment during both the years of study.

scholarly journals Non-overwintering cover crops: a significant source of N

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Schroder ◽  
L. Ten Holte ◽  
B.H. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Green Manure Crop ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Green Manure Crops

In field experiments in 1982-89 at 2 sites in the Netherlands, potatoes cv. Bintje and sugarbeet cv. Monohil or Ovatio in a wheat/potatoes/wheat/sugarbeet rotation were preceded during winter by fallow or a green manure crop of Lolium multiflorum cv. Tetila with 0 (G0), 100 (G100) or 200 kg N/ha (G200) or Trifolium pratense cv. Rotra with no N (RC). Green manure crops were undersown to winter wheat cv. Durin and ploughed in in the first half of November. On average, G0, G100, G200 and RC had then accumulated 22, 93, 125 and 57 kg N/ha, respectively, in the above-ground plant parts. G0 crops tended to immobilize soil mineral N in spring and generally had non-significant effects on the yields of potatoes and sugarbeet, whereas G100, G200 and RC increased the N yields and marketable yields significantly. Effects were mainly attributable to the release of N by the green manures. The fertilizer value of the green manures was evaluated by their effect on economic optimum N rates, the marketable yield and the N yield when no mineral fertilizer N was supplied. The last two methods appeared to be most appropriate for the present experiments. Fertilizer values ranged from -21 to 108 kg N/ha, depending on the type of green manure crop and the calculation method. About half of the N accumulated in above-ground parts of the green manure crop was available to potatoes and sugarbeet from G100 when evaluated by its effect on N yields. From G200 this was even greater, although this may partly have resulted from the transfer of fertilizer N that had not been taken up by the green manure crop. Due to a high content of N in roots and stubble, RC provided, on average, almost double the amount of N accumulated in the above-ground plant parts. Green manure crops also had a minor positive effect on grain yields of winter wheat following potatoes and sugarbeet. At least 35% of the above-ground N in L. multiflorum green manure crops was not utilized within the first 18 months after their incorporation.

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION REGIMES, PLANT POPULATION AND PHOSPHORUS LEVELS ON THE YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
K. Rajendran ◽  
A. C. Lourduraj
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiments were conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India during the summer (January – April) and kharif (June – September) seasons of 1994 and 1995 in a split plot design. The main plot consisted of three levels of irrigation, with irrigation water/cumulative pan evaporation (IW/CPE) ratios of 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80, and three levels of plant population (0.33, 0.44 and 0.66 million plants ha –1). The subplot treatments consisted of three levels of phosphorus (80, 100 and 120 kg P2O5 ha –1). The results revealed that irrigation at IW/CPE 0.80 with a plant population of 0.66 million plants ha –1 and a P level of 100 kg P2O5 ha –1 is promising in obtaining maximum yield in soybean. Under an irrigation regime of IW/CPE 0.80, the total water consumption varied from 450 to 533 mm, while it varied from 350 to 438 mm at IW/CPE 0.60 and from 250 to 393 mm at IW/CPE 0.40.

Direct and Residual Effect of Planting Method and Phosphorous Levels on Productivity and Agro-Meteorological Indices, Thermal and Energy Efficiencies in Mungbean– Wheat Cropping System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Karmal Singh ◽  
K D Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years during kharif and rabi season of 2015-16 and 2016-17 at Research area, Department of Agronomy, CCSHAU, Hisar to evaluate the direct and residual effect of planting methods and phosphorus levels on productivity, agro-meteorological indices, thermal and energy efficiencies in mungbean– wheat cropping system. The experiment was laid out in split plot design during kharif and in split -split plot design during Rabi with five replications at same site during both the years. Main plot treatments consisted of planting methods viz. furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) and conventional where as sub plot consisted of three levels of phosphorus, viz., 30, 40 and 50 kg P2O5 /ha applied to mungbean in kharif and sub -sub treatments applied to wheat in rabi were 40, 50 and 60 kg P2O5 /ha. Sowing of mungbean and wheat crops on beds i.e. furrow irrigated raised bed was superior over conventional sowing in respect of productivity. In mungbean, application of 50 kg P2O5/ha to mungbean significantly increased grain yield over 30 and 40 kg P2O5/ha, respectively but it did not differ significantly with 40 kg P2O5/ha. The residual effect of phosphorous applied to mungbean was found to be non significant on yield attributes and yield of wheat. However, direct application of phosphorous to wheat had significant effect on yield attributes and yield. The agro meteorological indices values were similar under FIRB and conventional method however, thermal and energy efficiencies were higher under FIRB planting as compared to conventional and increased with increasing levels of phosphorous.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Evaluate the Effect of Varying Time Intervals Between Liming and Cropping on an Oxisol

1969 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
J. Badillo-Feliciano ◽  
M. A. Lugo-López
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiments were conducted on an Oxisol with pH 5.0 in northwestern Puerto Rico in an attempt to determine whether the time interval between liming and cropping affected yields, yield components, and other plant characters. Six lime-cropping interval treatments were tested with two cultivars of succeeding crops of field beans and corn in a split plot design. Two cultivars were used as indicator crops in each case. The liming-cropping intervals ranged from planting immediately after liming to planting 10 months after liming (liming on a bimonthly basis). No significant yield differences attributable to treatments could be detected for either crop. In the same fashion, no significant differences were obtained on the various yield components and plant characters studied except for the fact that the 27R fieldbeans from plots limed 10 months prior to planting were smaller than those from plots limed just before planting. The effectiveness of liming Oxisols with pH 5.0 seems not to depend on the time interval that elapses between liming and planting.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Production for 12-, 18-, and 24-Month Cycles Under Conditions in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-127
Author(s):  
S. Alers-Alers ◽  
M. A. Lugo-López ◽  
R. Gandía Caro
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Sugarcane Production ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Plot Design

The data presented in this paper are from field experiments conducted at Corozal and Barceloneta following a split plot design where sugarcane cropping cycles or age at harvest (12-, 18-, and 24-month) were the main plots and varieties were the subplots. The varieties studied were: P.R. 1028, P.R. 1016, P.R. 1013, P.R. 980, P.R. 975 and B. 4362. Six replications were used. Statistical analyses of the data revealed that under the conditions prevailing in Puerto Rico, with the sugarcane varieties now available, and under typical current soil and crop management practices, 12- and 18-month canes are more efficient sugar producers than 24-month cane. More cane tonnage and more total sugar per acre per month were obtained during the short cycles than during the 24-month cycle.

scholarly journals Effects of Green Manure Type and Amendment Rate on Verticillium Wilt Severity and Yield of Russet Burbank Potato

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ochiai ◽  
M. L. Powelson ◽  
R. P. Dick ◽  
F. J. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Russet Burbank Potato ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Green Manures ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Manure Treatment ◽  
Application Rates

Increasing restriction of agrochemicals is motivating development of ecology-based cropping systems, including green manures, to manage soilborne diseases. Green manures have shown promise in suppressing Verticillium dahliae, but information about effect of different green manures and optimal application rates remains limited. Therefore, we conducted two single-year field experiments comparing effects of Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum ‘Melrose’), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis ‘Excelsior’), and Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense ‘Monarch’), amended at 6, 12, or 24 Mg ha-1, on soil populations and root infection by V. dahliae, wilt severity, and yield of Russet Burbank potato. Inoculum density was reduced relative to the nonamended, infested control by all broccoli treatments, Austrian winter pea applied at 12 and 24 Mg ha-1, and Sudan grass applied at 12 Mg ha-1. Root infection was not reduced by any green manure treatment. Median wilt severity was reduced approximately 70% by all green manures applied at 24 Mg ha-1 and 74% by Austrian winter pea applied at 12 Mg ha-1. Tuber yield was reduced approximately 20% in nonamended, V. dahliae-infested controls relative to the noninfested controls. No green manure treatment improved yield relative to the nonamended, infested control.

Performance Indices of a Combined Tillage Machine for the Incorporation of Leguminous Green Manure at Appropriate Depth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aseem Verma ◽  
Rohinish Khurana ◽  
Anoop Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Productive Zone ◽  
Different Levels

Background: The decomposition rate of biomass depends significantly on soil properties and on the design of the machine used for incorporation. Well-chopped biomass, incorporated in a productive zone with uniform mixing, gives better results instead of placing longer stalks on or near the field surface. Methods: In the field experiments conducted during 2017 and 2018, interaction of soil and biomass, placed at various depths in sandy loam soil, was studied 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 90 days after incorporation (DAI). Further, mechanical incorporation of green manure crop with innovative two-bottom combined tillage machine, namely biomass incorporator, was studied at different levels of soil type, plant height, forward speed and rotor speed.Result: The depth range of 70-140 mm was found most appropriate for incorporation to achieve a higher decomposition rate. Plant stem of 50 days old dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) crop decomposed by 13.0, 31.5, 29.25, 24.25 and 22.05% at depth range 0-70 (D1), 70-140 (D2), 140-210 (D3), 210-280 (D4) and 280-350 (D5) mm, respectively 10 DAI. About 55% of the biomass, incorporated at depth range D2, got decomposed 40 DAI. The average depth of placement of biomass with biomass incorporator ranged between 92 and 131 mm. The soil pulverization index and crop mixing index with the machine varied from 3.58 to 30.65 mm and 93.62 to 98.05%, respectively. The surface profile coefficient with the machine ranged between 24.2 and 50.6 mm. The efficient mixing of the biomass into the soil with thorough coverage of pulverized soil was achieved with rational field undulation.

Responses of Sugar Cane to Sunn Green Manuring in India

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Green Manure Crop ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Matter Effect

SummaryThe results are reported of three field experiments conducted from 1955 to 1963 to investigate the effects of sunn green manuring in the sugar cane rotation. In a three-year rotation with sugar cane and wheat, green manuring twice was not superior to green manuring once, either in terms of sugar cane yield or the nitrogen and organic carbon status of the soil. Two experiments showed that the yield increase of cane was proportional to the weight of the green manure crop, irrespective of how the latter was disposed of, suggesting that the only factor with which yield increase was correlated was the weight of roots of sunn which were incorporated into the soil. The green manure effect is resolved into two components namely ‘green matter effect’ and ‘legume effect’, both of which are additive and nearly equal.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Population Density and Methods of Weed Control on The Yield of Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) in Northeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
A.B. Mustapha ◽  
T. Felix ◽  
M.C. Tashiwa ◽  
N.A. Gworgwor
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Plant Population Density ◽  
Plot Design

Field experiments were conducted at Yola and Garkida in Adamawa State, North-Eastern Nigeria during the 2017 rainy season. In the Yola location the experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, and in Garkida it was conducted at Garkida village in Gombi Local Government Area of Adamawa State. The experiment was designed to study the effect of plant population density and methods of weed control on the yield of pepper (Capsicum annum L.). The treatments consist of three spacings, 25 x 30cm, 35 x 40cm and 45 x 50cm with four (4) different herbicides rates (No herbicide, pyrithiobac sodium 65.5kg a.i/ha, pendimethalin 1kg a.i/ha + pyrithiobac sodium 65.5kg a.i/ha and Haloxyfop 108g a.i/ha + hand hoe weeding. The experimental design was a split-plot design replicated three times. Spacing was assigned to the main plot while methods of weed control as subplots. Parameters measured were weed density, number of pepper fruits per plot, and fruit yield per hectare. All data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) appropriate to the split-plot design. The results of the experiment showed that herbicide pyrthiobac sodium 65.5kg a.i/ha recorded the highest number of fruit per plot of 72.4 while herbicide haloxyfop 108g a.i/ha followed by hand weeding recorded the least number of fruits of 50.1. The result of the experiment shows that there was a significant effect on spacing in both locations. Concerning yield per hectare spacing 25x30cm obtained the highest yield per hectare of 945kg in Garkida, while the least was from the Yola location which recorded 537kg. It was concluded that pepper yield depends on the proper spacing and proper use of herbicide which will suppress weed and increase yield significantly. Keyword: Weed Density, Weed Control, Yield, Pepper

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