scholarly journals O EFEITO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA NO ENTUPIMENTO DE EMISSORES E NO DESEMPENHO DE FILTROS UTILIZADOS NA IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO

Irriga ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulio Assunção Pires Ribeiro ◽  
José Euclides Stipp Paterniani ◽  
Rogério Pereira da Silva Airoldi ◽  
Marcelo Jacomini Moreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Medium Risk

O EFEITO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA NO ENTUPIMENTO DE  EMISSORES E NO DESEMPENHO DE FILTROS UTILIZADOS NA IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO   Túlio Assunção Pires Ribeiro; José Euclides Stipp Paterniani; Rogério Pereira da Silva Airoldi; Marcelo Jacomini Moreira da SilvaDepartamento de Água e Solo, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, [email protected]   1 RESUMO  O presente trabalho teve como objetivo proceder a investigação experimental de uma fonte hídrica superficial, utilizada em um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento, bem como verificar sua influência na obstrução dos gotejadores e no desempenho de dois filtros um de disco e outro de mata sintética não tecida. A água de irrigação foi clorada, empregando-se hipoclorito  de sódio. Utilizou-se água provinda de um reservatório aberto, onde foi instalado um módulo de irrigação localizada para o estudo.  Analisou-se a variação temporal da qualidade da água durante um ano, onde considerou-se os principais parâmetros físicos, químicos e biológicos da água que causam problemas de entupimentos nos emissores. O desempenho dos filtros foi feito através da comparação das concentrações dos efluentes dos filtros de disco (usualmente utilizado para este fim) e manta sintética não tecida,  em relação aos parâmetros físicos e biológicas. O grau de obstrução dos emissores foi avaliado através de ensaios de vazão que determinaram a uniformidade de distribuição da água através de dois índices, onde variou-se o número de emissores amostrados.  A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em quatro etapas de 30 dias, realizadas em diferentes estações do ano. Os resultados apontaram na água de irrigação, que os parâmetros químicos pH e o ferro apresentaram médio risco de entupimento e sulfetos de hidrogênio mostraram alto risco de entupimento.  Não houve uma diferença no desempenho do filtro de manta e de disco com relação aos parâmetros físicos e biológicos de seus efluentes.  Os valores das médias dos índices de uniformidade de distribuição de água foram bem próximos para as duas parcelas que utilizaram os dois filtros de manta e disco.  UNITERMOS: irrigação localizada, índice de uniformidade, filtração, manta sintética não tecida, tratamento químico  RIBEIRO, T. A. P.; PATERNIANI, J. E. S.; AIROLDI, R. P. da S.; SILVA, M. J. M. da THE WATER QUALITY EFFECT IN THE CLOGGING OF EMITTERS AND THE PERFORMANCE OF FILTERS UTILIZED IN THE TRICKLE IRRIGATION  2 ABSTRACT  The present work aimed to carry out an experimental investigation of a superficial water source utilized in trickle irrigation as well as verify its influence in the clogging of drippers and in the performance of two filters: a disc one and a non woven synthetic one. The irrigation water was chlorinated with sodium hypochlorite. The water used in this experiment was from an open reservoir where an experimental trickle irrigation system was installed. The temporal variations of the water quality was assessed for one year, considering the main physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water that causes clogging in the emitters. The filter performance was assessed by comparing the effluent concentration in the disc filters (normally used for this purpose) and in non-woven synthetic fabric, for physical and biological parameters. The emitter obstruction degree was assessed through flow tests which determined the uniformity of water distribution through two rates where the number of sampled emitters varied. The research was developed in four 30-day stages, carried out in different seasons of the year. For the irrigation water, the results indicated that the chemical parameters (pH) and iron showed a medium risk of clogging whereas hydrogen sulphites showed a high risk of clogging. There was not a difference in the performance of fabric and disc filters in relation to physical and biological parameters of their effluents. The average values for  water distribution uniformity rates were pretty close for the two blocks that utilized both disc and fabric filters.  KEYWORDS: trickle irrigation, uniformity index, filtration, non-woven synthetic fabrics, chemical treatment

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Salinity and Irrigation Water Quality of Chanchaga Irrigation Scheme I, Minna, Niger State

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A Kuti ◽  
Bolaji A Adabembe ◽  
John J Musa ◽  
Peter A Adeoye ◽  
Murtala Animashaun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Soil And Water

The extent to which salinity is increasing in arid and semi-arid regions recently has become a concern in irrigation and non-irrigation land. In view of this, the study evaluated soil salinity and irrigation water quality at Chanchaga Irrigation Scheme I, Minna, Niger State with the aim of assessing the soil fertility status and irrigation water source of the scheme. The study took soil samples at 0 - 30cm depth from irrigated and non-irrigated plots and water was taken from the main point of the border irrigation system. Both soil and water sample collected were subjected to laboratory analysis. The study determined sodium absorption ratio and exchangeable sodium percentage of soil and water parameters analyzed in the laboratory. The Levene's test for equality of variances was performed on the concentration of the parameters analyzed in both soil (irrigated and non-irrigated plot) and water of the scheme. The study reveals that the sodium concentration was found higher in the irrigated plot than control plot and the EC and SAR values of the irrigated plot was classified as sodic. The SAR and other exchangeable values in both irrigated and non-irrigated plot have equal variances (> 0.10) with the exception of chlorine which is significant. The level of potassium in the water was higher and sodic in nature. The study concluded that the sodium hazard in both soil and water was higher than the desirable limits. It is important to take the soil sample of the whole plots so as to examine the salt variation in the scheme

scholarly journals COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE ELEMENTOS FILTRANTES DE MANTA SINTÉTICA NÃO TECIDA E DE DISCO NO TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA PARA IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogerio Pereira da Silva Airoldi ◽  
José Euclides Stipp Paterniani ◽  
Tulio Assunção Pires Ribeiro ◽  
Marcelo Jacomini Moreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Particle ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Fabric Filter ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Synthetic Fabric

COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE ELEMENTOS FILTRANTES DE MANTA SINTÉTICA NÃO TECIDA E DE DISCO NO TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA PARA IRRIGAÇÃO   Rogério Pereira da Silva Airoldi José Euclides Stipp PaternianiTúlio Assunção Pires Ribeiro Marcelo Jacomini Moreira da SilvaDepartamento de Água e Solo, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP. CP 6011, CEP: 13083-970, E-mail:[email protected].  1 RESUMO  A pesquisa realizada propôs uma investigação experimental para a avaliação do desempenho dos meios filtrantes disco (130 mm) e manta sintética não tecida na filtração da água utilizada em um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento com fertirrigação organomineral. Utilizou-se água de um reservatório aberto, localizado no campo experimental da Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola – UNICAMP, onde foi instalado um módulo de irrigação localizada para o estudo. O desempenho dos filtros foi avaliado através de análises físicas, químicas e biológicas da água afluente e efluente aos filtros, e da evolução da perda de carga nos mesmos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em três etapas de 30 dias, realizadas em diferentes estações do ano. Os resultados apontaram que não houve diferenças significativas entre os dois elementos filtrantes com relação à remoção de partículas em suspensão na água. No entanto, o filtro de disco apresentou menor perda de carga localizada em relação ao filtro de manta. Desta forma, concluiu-se que, para as condições experimentais de qualidade da água, o filtro de disco apresentou desempenho pouco superior ao filtro de manta. No entanto, podem-se desenvolver filtros especialmente adaptados aos elementos filtrantes de manta sintética para que a eficiência deste elemento supere a do disco, principalmente com relação à perda de carga.  UNITERMOS: irrigação localizada, fertirrigação, filtração, qualidade de água.  AIROLDI, R. P. da S.; PATERNIANI, J. E. S.; RIBEIRO, T. A. P.; SILVA, M. J. M. da COMPARISON OF NON-WOVEN SYNTHETIC FABRIC AND DISC FILTERS FOR IRRIGATION WATER TREATMENT  2 ABSTRACT  The main purpose of this research was to evaluate the disc (130 mm) and non-woven synthetic fabric filter performance in water filtration using a trickle irrigation system with fertigation. The source of water used in this experiment was from an open reservoir, located in the experimental field of the Agricultural Engineer College – UNICAMP, where an experimental trickle irrigation system has been installed.  The filter performance was evaluated through water analysis by physical, chemical and biological parameters and the head loss evolution on it. The research was developed over three phases of 30 days each in different seasons. The results have shown that there were not significant differences among filters concerning the water suspended particle removal. However, the disc filter presented lower head loss than the non-woven synthetic fabric filter. Therefore, for these water quality conditions the disc filter presented higher performance than the non-woven synthetic fabric filter, although non-woven synthetic fabric filters should be improved in order to obtain  filters with reduced head loss and increased performance.  KEYSWORDS: localized irrigation, fertigation, filtration, water quality.

scholarly journals Analisis Rasio Prestasi Manajemen Irigasi pada Distribusi Air di Subak Kabupaten Tabanan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Yuda Arnanda ◽  
I Wayan Tika ◽  
Ida Ayu Luh Gede Bintang Madrini
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Water Supply Management ◽  
Principles Of Justice

Sistem subak adalah merupakan salah satu bentuk sistem irigasi yang mampu mengakomodasikan dinamika sistem sosio-teknis masyarakat setempat. Air irigasi dikelola dengan prinsip-prinsip keadilan, keterbukaan, harmoni dan kebersamaan, melalui suatu organisasi yang fleksibel yang sesuai dengan kepentingan masyarakat. Sistem irigasi erat kaitannya tentang pendistribusian air irigasi pada subak yang berdasarkan luas lahan. Salah satu aspek yang akan dinilai dalam sistem irigasi adalah Rasio Prestasi Manajemen (RPM) irigasi Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui klasifikasi RPM di suatu subak dengan pemberian skor pada masing-masing klasifikasi RPM. Perolehan data sekunder dilakukan dengan metode survey, pengamatan secara langsung dan pengukuran. Data yang telah dikumpulkan selanjutnya akan dianalisis menggunakan metode Rasio Prestasi Manajemen (RPM) Irigasi. RPM irigasi setiap subak dinilai dengan menggunakan empat rentang nilai yaitu Baik bila 0.75 < RPM <1.25, Cukup bila 0.60 < RPM < 0.75 atau 1.25 < RPM < 1.40, Kurang 0.40 < RPM< 0.60 atau 1.40 <RPM<1.60 dan Sangat kurang bila RPM < 0.40 atau RPM >1.60 Hasil metode analisis rasio prestasi manajemen irigasi pada distribusi air di subak diperoleh RPM daerah hulu yaitu Pama Palian, Aya I dan Aya II memiliki RPM yang Baik yaitu rata-rata 100%. Ketersediaan air yang begitu melimpah karena subak daerah hulu, subak yang pertama kali mengambil air di daerah irigasi. Dan yang paling penting adalah sistim pengaturan pemberian air yang sudah optimal. Untuk subak daerah tengah RPM sedikit berbeda dengan di daerah hulu. Rata-rata RPM daerah irigasi tengah yang mempunyai kreteria Cukup yaitu sebesar 15,5% sedangkan Baik 84,5%. Untuk daerah irigasi tengah yang memiliki kriteria RPM cukup dengan nilai 15,5% disebabkan oleh pendistribusian air tidak seoptimal seperti daerah irigasi hulu. Untuk Subak daerah irigasi hilir rata-rata RPM secara keseluruhan yaitu 100% baik, ini disebabkan karena pembagian pendistribusian air daerah irigasi hilir sudah optimal sesuai dengan luas lahan.   Subak system is one form of irrigation system that is able to accommodate the dynamics of the socio-technical system of the local community. Irrigation water is managed with the principles of justice, openness, harmony and togetherness, through a flexible organization that is in accordance with the interests of the community. Irrigation systems are closely related to the distribution of irrigation water in subaks based on land area. One aspect that will be assessed in an irrigation system is the Irrigation Management Achievement Ratio (RPM). The purpose of this study is to determine the RPM classification in a subak by scoring in each RPM classification. Secondary data acquisition is done by survey method, direct observation and measurement. The collected data will then be analyzed using the Irrigation Management Achievement Ratio (RPM) method. Irrigation RPM for each subak is assessed using four ranges of values, namely Good if 0.75 <RPM <1.25, Enough if 0.60 <RPM <0.75 or 1.25 <RPM <1.40, Less 0.40 <RPM <0.60 or 1.40 <RPM <1.60 and Very less if RPM <0.40 or RPM> 1.60 The results of the analysis method of irrigation management achievement ratio in the distribution of water in the subak obtained by the upstream area RPM namely Pama Palian, Aya I and Aya II have a good RPM that is an average of 100%. The availability of water is so abundant due to the upstream subak, the first subak to take water in an irrigation area. And the most important thing is the optimal water supply management system. For the subak area the RPM is slightly different from the upstream area. The average RPM of the central irrigation area that has sufficient criteria is 15.5% while 84.5% is good. For the central irrigation area which has sufficient RPM criteria with a value of 15.5% caused by the distribution of water is not as optimal as the upstream irrigation area. For Subak downstream irrigation areas the overall average RPM is 100% good, this is because the distribution of downstream irrigation water distribution is optimal according to the area of ??land.

scholarly journals Study on the irrigation water distribution system developed by Barind Multipurpose Development Authority

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mosiur Rahman ◽  
A.H.M. Kamal ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Md. Shafi Uddin Miah
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Buried Pipe

Irrigated agriculture has been playing a vital role for the growth in crop production in Bangladesh. Minor irrigation comprising of shallow tubewells (STWs), deep tubewells (DTWs), hand tubewells (HTWs) and low-lift pumps (LLPs) is a major irrigation system in the country. Poor performance of irrigation is an issue for the expansion of irrigated area. The present study was carried out to examine the conveyance efficiency and rate of irrigation water loss in DTW schemes in Bogra, Thakurgaon and Godagari zones of Barind Management Development Authority. There were various types of water distribution identified in these schemes with including Poly Venyl Chloride (PVC) buried pipe, cement concrete (CC) rectangular, Ferro trapezoidal, Ferro semicircular and rectangular earth drain. The average conveyance efficiency of PVC buried pipe for Bogra, Thakurgaon and Godagari zones ranged from 94.46% to 95.37% and rate of water loss ranged from 5.45% to 9.55% in three study zones. Average conveyance efficiency of CC rectangular for Bogra and Godagari zone ranged from 91.20% and rate of water loss from 6.58% to 9.93%. Average conveyance efficiency of Ferro trapezoid for Bogra and Godagari zone ranged from 87.80% to 90.06% and rate of water loss ranged from 9.94% to 12.21%. Average conveyance efficiency of Ferro semicircle for Bogra and Godagari zone ranged between 88.13% and 86.82% and rate of water loss between 11.59% and 11.68%. Average conveyance efficiency and rate of water loss of rectangular earth drain Godagari zone was 58.66% and 42.29% respectively. About 80% farmers recommended buried pipe irrigation system and about 20% semi-circular channel. The study suggests that the improved water distribution system as developed by BMDA is sustainable to increase productivity of irrigation systems in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbayr.v1i2.10032

scholarly journals Water quality event detection and customer complaint clustering analysis in distribution systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mounce ◽  
John Machell ◽  
Joby Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Historic Data

Safe, clean drinking water is a foundation of society and water quality monitoring can contribute to ensuring this. A case study application of the CANARY software to historic data from a UK drinking water distribution system is described. Sensitivity studies explored appropriate choice of algorithmic parameter settings for a baseline site, performance was evaluated with artificial events and the system then transferred to all sites. Results are presented for analysis of nine water quality sensors measuring six parameters and deployed in three connected district meter areas (DMAs), fed from a single water source (service reservoir), for a 1 year period and evaluated using comprehensive water utility records with 86% of event clusters successfully correlated to causes (spatially limited to DMA level). False negatives, defined by temporal clusters of water quality complaints in the pilot area not corresponding to detections, were only approximately 25%. It was demonstrated that the software could be configured and applied retrospectively (with potential for future near real time application) to detect various water quality event types (with a wider remit than contamination alone) for further interpretation.

scholarly journals Study of Irrigation Water Quality of Agricultural Projects in Misurata Area, Misurata. Libya

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-478
Author(s):  
Yosef Basher Al Sadea ◽  
, Rafallah Mohamed Attya ◽  
Mostafa Ali Benzaghta ◽  
Mohammed Mansour Aljaer
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Area Of Study

The groundwater is considered as essential resources for Irrigation in Misurata city, this type of Irrigation suffered to some problems affecting their quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate, a physiochemical and biological parameters of wells water in Misurata Area during the period between November 2016 to December 2018. The area of study about 70 Km distance between Tawarq and Eldafina was divided into eight lines per appendicular to sea cost. Five water sample were taken for each line, in which the distance about 20 Km between each line. The pH, SO4, HCO3, Ca, and D.O were within the permissible levels a according to FAO standard as well as, SAR, RSC, SSP were acceptable while EC, TDS, Cl-, K+ and Mg++, were higher than the standard, moreover, the temperature, was normal in all the samples. The heavy metals values of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were within the standard. In general, the results showed that high values of EC, TDS, Cl-, and Mg++ were the main reasons which lead to the deterioration of water irrigation. Therefore, the water was inadequate for agricultural purpose without any treatment such as desalination to reduce the salinity, Also the results of microbiologic analysis showed a contamination in most sample.

scholarly journals Temporal variations in the water quality of beton spring, Gunungsewu karst area, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 896 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
A Cahyadi ◽  
I A Riyanto ◽  
T N Adji ◽  
E Haryono ◽  
M Widyastuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Piper Diagram ◽  
The Republic ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Beton Spring is a water source used for fulfilling the basic needs of domestic activities, irrigation, and fisheries. Concerning water resources, it is particularly unique in that its upper course is an allogenic river with enormous groundwater potential. This research was intended to study the temporal water quality at Beton Spring. For this reason, the spring water was sampled periodically for one year. The water quality was assessed according to the drinking water quality standards, namely Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 90 of 2002 and the standards set by experts. The analyses of trilinear and rectangular Piper diagrams were performed in Easy Quim v5.0 software. The analysis results showed that, temporally, the spring water had good quality because almost all samples collected in the dry and rainy seasons met the standards. The trilinear Piper diagram revealed that the Beton Spring mainly contained unpolluted and calcium-enriched groundwater. Meanwhile, the rectangular Piper diagram indicated the abundance of average bicarbonate waters, with only a few samples categorized into cation exchange-controlled groundwater.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Assessment in Agriculture: The Example of Pistacia vera L. Cultivation in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5735
Author(s):  
Georgios Bartzas ◽  
Konstantinos Komnitsas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Overall Risk

In this study, an integrated environmental risk assessment (ERA) study involving frequent monitoring of both water and soil parameters (24 on total), was carried out to assess and compare the environmental risk quality of three pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) fields (two in Aegina island and one in Kilkis) based upon risk categories identified and assessed in terms of quality and quantity. In this context, vertical profiles and risk matrices were created for a 60-month period for the most important soil and water parameters i.e., soil pH, soil organic matter, soil salinity, heavy metals, and irrigation water quality. According to the obtained results, the two pistachio fields in Aegina exhibited reduced overall risk values, i.e., 17% and 27%, respectively after the adoption of sustainable cultivation practices, thus reflecting a transition from “medium to high risk” to “low to medium risk” environmental quality. On the other hand, overall risk values for the pistachio field in Kilkis were reduced by 34% and were lower compared to the ones obtained for the pistachio fields in Aegina. The better environmental profile identified for the entire period in Kilkis ranging from “medium risk” to “low risk” was the result of lower inherent risk associated with irrigation water quality and soil salinity. The proposed methodology can be easily applied in other agricultural areas and for similar cultivations in Greece and other Mediterranean countries.

Microbiological water quality in a large in-building, water recycling facility

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Birks ◽  
J. Colbourne ◽  
S. Hills ◽  
R. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Water Distribution System ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Recycling ◽  
Human Contact

The Thames Water recycling plant at the Millennium Dome, London, reclaimed three sources of water: greywater from the washbasins, rainwater from the Dome roof and groundwater from a borehole on site. These were pre-treated separately, and the mixed stream filtered using ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. Monitoring for indicator microorganisms was undertaken throughout the plant and in the reclaimed water distribution system, as well as ad-hoc monitoring for the presence of pathogens in the raw waters. Treatment to the level of ultrafiltration was more than adequate to produce a water quality meeting existing worldwide reclaimed water guidelines for toilet flushing. Owing to the excellent quality of the water leaving the plant, no significant microbiological growth was observed in the reclaimed water distribution system during the year. The raw greywater exhibited a higher faecal bacterial load than the rainwater and groundwater, as predicted from more human contact (i.e. hand washing). Environmental strains of Legionella were observed in the three raw greywater samples analysed for pathogens, as was Cryptosporidium, Giardia and faecal enterococci. The rainwater had relatively high levels of faecal bacteria, probably of avian origin. Giardia was detected in one rainwater sample confirming the potential for this water source to contain pathogens.

THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN SIGHETU MARMAŢIEI, MARAMUREŞ, ROMANIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
◽  
Gabriela Maria Filip ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

This paper presents the analysis of the quality indicator of a subterranean raw water source, captured in Crăciunesti, Sighetu Marmatiei, followed by the description of the technological flow of capturing and chlorinating water with the aim of making it drinkable, and the analysis of the obtained values of the physical, chemical and bacteriological indicators. The period within which water quality was monitored for this paper covers four months (December 2016, March, April and May 2017). Within this period the analyses regarding water quality control were carried out by the laboratory of the Water Treatment Baia Mare. The analysis of the obtained results highlighted a series of problems regarding the existence of certain indicators/parameters with values above the legally admissible threshold with regard to water quality. The manganese found in raw water exceeds the admissible threshold by 160%, in December 2016, and by 120% in March 2017, but it is within limits during the months of April and May. The occurrence of colonies developed at 37 °C and 22°C in the raw water requires chemical treatment of the raw water aimed at disinfecting it. The parameters of drinking water correspond to the values admissible through the laws in force, the water being distributed to the consumers through the Drinking water distribution system in Sighetu Marmatiei.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document