scholarly journals Studies Regarding the Development of Academic Spin-Offs in Romania and Worldwide

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei BORŞA ◽  
Sevastiţa MUSTE ◽  
Andruta CERBU (MURESAN)
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Academic Institution ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Economical Performance

This paper aims to emphasize the opportunities that academic entrepreneurial ventures or “spin-offs” could offer in Romania. Different types of spin-offs and their benefits have been reviewed. The poor economical performance of the SMEs (Small and Medium Sized Enterprises) due to crisis and their innovational trends were analyzed. The governmental strategies focused on innovation for creating new enterprises and improving the business environment, with results so far, were presented. The conclusion that emerged was that the spin-offs are a viable solution that can contribute to our country’s prosperity and its academic institution.

Working Together

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Veiteberg KVELLESTAD ◽  
Ingeborg STANA ◽  
VATN Gunhild
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Manual Skills

Teamwork involves different types of interactions—specifically cooperation andcollaboration—that are necessary in education and many other professions. The differencesbetween cooperation and collaboration underline the teacher’s role in influencing groupdynamics, which represent both a foundation for professional design education and aprequalification for students’ competences as teachers and for critical evaluation. As a testcase, we focused on the Working Together action-research project in design education forspecialised teacher training in design, arts, and crafts at the Oslo Metropolitan University,which included three student groups in the material areas of drawing, ceramics, and textiles.The project developed the participants’ patience, manual skills, creativity, and abilities,which are important personal qualities for design education and innovation and representcornerstones in almost every design literacy and business environment. The hope is thatstudents will transform these competences to teaching pupils of all ages in their futurecareers.

Cooperation dynamics of polycentric climate governance

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 2503-2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor V. Vasconcelos ◽  
Francisco C. Santos ◽  
Jorge M. Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Global Coordination ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate Change Governance

Global coordination for the preservation of a common good, such as climate, is one of the most prominent challenges of modern societies. In this manuscript, we use the framework of evolutionary game theory to investigate whether a polycentric structure of multiple small-scale agreements provides a viable solution to solve global dilemmas as climate change governance. We review a stochastic model which incorporates a threshold game of collective action and the idea of risky goods, capturing essential features unveiled in recent experiments. We show how reducing uncertainty both in terms of the perception of disaster and in terms of goals induce a transition to cooperation. Taking into account wealth inequality, we explore the impact of the homophily, potentially present in the network of influence of the rich and the poor, in the different contributions of the players. Finally, we discuss the impact of polycentric sanctioning institutions, showing how such a scenario also proves to be more efficient than a single global institution.

The Heterogeneous Nature of Urban Poor Families

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Salcedo ◽  
Alejandra Rasse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Different Cultures

This paper addresses the scholarly debate on cultural homogeneity or heterogeneity of urban poor families. While authors such as Lewis (1959) or Wacquant (2000 ; 2001) claim that structural disadvantages are linked to a particular type of identity or culture, others such as Hannerz (1969) , Anderson (1999 ; 2002) , or Portes ( Portes and Manning, 1986 ; Portes and Jensen, 1989 ) believe that it is possible to find different behaviors, expectations, decision–making processes, and outcomes among people living in seemingly identical structural conditions ( Small et al., 2010 ). Using Santiago, Chile, as a case study, we differentiate five different cultures or identities among the poor. Those identities seem to be the product of different historical and political circumstances, as well as of different types of public policies. The paper ends with a discussion of the need for poverty reduction policies to consider these differences among the poor.

Rubber Modified Asphalt Storage Stabilizer Option

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 1136-1139
Author(s):  
Zhong He Chen ◽  
Zheng Qian Zhang ◽  
Hua Lin Luo ◽  
Ning Ning Dong
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Different Doses

In order to improve the poor compatibility and storage stability of rubber modified asphalt,authors using theoretical and experimental methods, to investigate the influence of the stabilizer on the storage stability and the using performance of rubber modified asphalt, through adding the different types and different doses of stabilizer, to improve its storage stability and using performance of modified asphalt.

Tacit Knowledge Utilization for Global Impact and Organizational Practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 1219-1240
Author(s):  
Aleksander Janeš ◽  
Roberto Biloslavo ◽  
Armand Faganel
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Sustainable Business Models

The aquaculture sector stands at a crossroad because of the important changes in the business environment. Demand and competition for food is growing worldwide, fishery sector reached its limits and in this regard farmed fish sector represents a viable solution for food supply. A sustainable development of small business is recommended in order to develop knowledge and skills to support the growth of world population. In this view knowledge management for innovation is crucial to promote sustainable business models (BM) that can achieve a solid economic performance and at the same time take care of the natural environment. The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to the literature about sustainable BMs by an in-depth case study of a small fish farming company which developed competitiveness based on own tacit knowledge. The exemplary case study of a sustainable BM in aquaculture has been analyzed by use of an enhanced BM canvas that links various market oriented elements of a BM with the needs of society.

Policy Implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-186
Author(s):  
R. Barry Ruback
Keyword(s):  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Model Penal Code ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Law And Courts ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Types

This last chapter, Chapter 8, looks at larger issues of economic sanctions. Reitz and Klingele, the reporters of the Model Penal Code argued that economic sanctions are unprincipled (they violate legal standards and discriminate against the poor), unsuccessful (they are generally unpaid and, as presently constituted, do not meet the purposes of sentencing), and are unending (local and state governments are continuing to impose economic sanctions and other legal financial obligations in order to meet budgetary needs). Also, in the final chapter the author discusses how the existing research can be used to inform policy, particularly regarding questions of whether there should be different types of economic sanctions, what those types should be, and what amounts of economic sanctions should be imposed. These policy arguments are based on the assumption that the law and courts should be concerned about victims, offenders, and the community.

Assessing Intelligence Performance

2010 ◽  
pp. 86-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Gentry
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theory Of Intelligence ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Intelligence Services ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Intelligence Agencies ◽  
Performance Rate ◽  
The U.S

Literatures on intelligence predominantly focus on intelligence failures, often explicitly claiming that the failures reflect the poor performance of the intelligence agencies as a whole. Despite negative claims on the performance of these agencies, politicians, citizens, and scholars often have little to discuss on intelligence performance. They seldom ask what the intelligence services do in aggregate; what their performance rate is; how the infrequent yet prominent failures compare to ongoing performance that is invisible to the outsiders because it is at least adequate; and how ignorance of the performance of the different types of intelligence activities affects the overall assessment of the intelligence services. This little discussion on some of the important aspects of intelligence performance resulted in the absence of general theory of intelligence performance. To judge better intelligence performance, understanding the functions and the nature of work of the intelligence services is a must. This article hence uses existing theory and available data to determine the theory of the whole performance of intelligence agencies. It also provides a scorecard of the recent performance of the U.S. intelligence and suggests avenues for future research.

Types of Poverty and Entrepreneurial Intention in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouming Chen ◽  
Yuliang Shen ◽  
Papiya Naznin ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Sibin Wu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Starting A Business

We used the theory of planned behavior to hypothesize how economic poverty and perceived poverty predict college students' intention to start businesses. Based on the argument that entrepreneurial intention will be based on perception of both feasibility and desirability of a business venture, we tested whether or not people experiencing different types of poverty (the poor, the unsatisfied, and the complacent) have a different degree of likelihood of starting up a business. We collected data from a sample of 350 students in Bangladesh. Our results showed that the poor were the most likely to start a business after graduation, followed by the unsatisfied, and the complacent had the lowest score for probability of starting a business after graduation. Findings and implications of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals Analyzing COVID-19 Challenges in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayasree Nath ◽  
Abdullah Fahim Chowdhury ◽  
Amit Kumar Nath
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Bangladesh is a developing country. The effect of the covid-19 pandemic in Bangladesh is enormous. A research conducted by South Asian network of Economic Modelling predicted that the pandemic could double the poverty. But it is not that only the socioeconomic condition is dropping in Bangladesh, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic is manifold. The poor condition of Bangladesh's health sector has also been exposed due to the pandemic. People are not getting proper treatment due to lack of isolation beds, oxygen, ICU etc. The health sector of Bangladesh is not much developed and now with this pandemic it has become impossible to provide treatment facility for all the patients. Education sector, which is the backbone of a country,has also been greatly affected by the pandemic. We know that different types of cultural occasions are an inherited tradition of Bangladesh, COVID-19 have not even spared these traditions, all the cultural programes and festivals have been cancelled due to this pandemic.In this paper, our aim is to present the present status of all these sectors.

Microstructural Characterization of GaN on (0001) Sapphire

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 628-629
Author(s):  
Zhigang Mao ◽  
Matthew T. Johnson ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
High Density ◽  
Defect Structures ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Very High

III-V nitrides grown on (0001) sapphire substrates often contain a very high density of defects; this high density is usually attributed to the poor lattice and thermal match between the nitride and the sapphire [1]. There is thus a need to understand the defect structures in these materials. In the present study, a microstructural characterization of MBE-grown GaN films on (0001) sapphire using various TEM techniques was performed to evaluate defect structures in this material. This paper will outline some of the different types of defects found in these films and suggest some possible mechanisms by which they were formed.

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