scholarly journals Can Wheat Germination Test Be Used to Predict Pregnancy in Ewes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Nicolae Tiberiu CONSTANTIN ◽  
Andra ȘIPOȘ ◽  
Florin Petrișor POSASTIUC ◽  
Crina Raluca ANDREI ◽  
Ioana Cristina SPRINȚU
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wheat Germination

Several invasive diagnosis methods to predict pregnancy in humans and animals were used in the past. Since Antiquity, grains germination test was used to predict more safely the pregnancy in women in order to avoid the possibility of miscarriage. The abscisic acid is a component of pregnant females’ urine that prevents germination of grains. Considering this principle, 20 samples of urine were collected from 10 pregnant ewes and 10 from non-pregnant animals. After urinalysis, 15 ml urine sample was added to 20 grains of wheat in a Petri dish, followed by a dilution of 1:4 with distilled water. Only water has been added in the control sample. There were performed duplicates for each animal. For 10 days, all plates were kept in a constant environmental temperature (22°C) and humidity (42%). Statistical analysis revealed that after 5 and 10 days, wheat grains belonging to pregnant ewes were less germinated, and values regarding shoot length were lower than those from the control group. Even if the number of samples is small, it can be concluded that wheat germination test can be used to predict pregnancy in ewes.

Adolescents’ self-mutilation - Relationship with dependent behaviour

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bolognini ◽  
B. Plancherel ◽  
J. Laget ◽  
P. Stéphan ◽  
O. Halfon
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Partial Overlap ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study, which was carried out in the French-speacking part of Switzerland, was to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and self-mutilation by adolescents and young adults. The population, aged 14-25 years (N = 308), included a clinical sample of dependent subjects (drug abuse and eating disorders) compared to a control sample. On the basis of the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview ( Sheehan et al., 1998 ), DSM-IV criteria were used for the inclusion of the clinical population. The results concerning the occurrence of suicide attempts as well as on self-mutilation confirm most of the hypotheses postulated: suicidal attempts and self-mutilation were more common in the clinical group compared to the control group, and there was a correlation between suicide attempts and self-mutilation. However, there was only a partial overlap, attesting that suicide and self-harm might correspond to two different types of behaviour.

Why is this happened? Passive morphology and unaccusativity

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Balcom
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Past Participle ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Syntactic Rule ◽  
English Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
Unaccusative Verbs

Zobl discussed inappropriate passive morphology (‘be’ and the past participle) in the English writing of L2 learners, linking its occurrence to the class of unaccusative verbs and proposing that learners subsume unaccusatives under the syntactic rule for passive formation. The research reported here supports and amplifies Zobl' proposal, based on a grammaticality judgement task and a controlled production task containing verbs from a variety of subclasses of unaccusatives. The tasks were administered to Chinese L1 learners of English and a control group of English native speakers. Results show that subjects both used and judged as grammatical inappropriate passive morphology with all verbs falling under the rubric of unaccusativity. The article concludes with linguistic representations which maintain Zobl’s insights but are consistent with current theories of argument structure.

Microsatellite polymorphism in the EGFR, NOTCH4 and E2F4 genes and their association with breast cancer risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana González-Hernández ◽  
Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández ◽  
Antonio Cabrera De León ◽  
M. del Cristo Rodríguez-Pérez ◽  
Adolfo Murias-Rosales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellites ◽  
Human Genes ◽  
Allelic Distribution

Background The sequences of many human genes that encode proteins involved in cancer contain polymorphic microsatellites. Variations in microsatellite length may constitute risk factors in several human diseases, a possibility that has been little explored in breast cancer. Among the genes that contain polymorphic microsatellites are EGFR, NOTCH4 and E2F4. The length of some of these microsatellites has been associated with breast cancer risk. Purpose and methods To determine whether the length of the microsatellites (CA)n in EGFR, (CTG)n in NOTCH4 and (AGC)n in E2F4 was associated with breast cancer risk, we genotyped these 3 microsatellites in 212 women with breast cancer and a control group of 308 women from the general population who did not have this disease. Results and conclusions The allelic distribution observed for the 3 microsatellites matched that found in other white populations, with the exception of some (AGC)n alleles in E2F4, which have not been described previously. The length of (CA)n in EGFR and (CTG)n in NOTCH4 was not associated with breast cancer (OR=0.99; 95% CI 0.59–1.37; p=0.619 and OR=1.08; 95% CI 0.71–1.65; p=0.725, respectively). Short alleles (<13 repeats) of (AGC)n in E2F4 were less frequent in women with cancer than in the control sample.

Cognitive impairment in long-term benzodiazepine users

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Golombok ◽  
Parimala Moodley ◽  
Malcolm Lader
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Doses ◽  
One Year

SynopsisIn view of the very extensive and often prolonged use of benzodiazepines in therapeutic practice, this study was designed to investigate whether or not cognitive ability is impaired in longterm benzodiazepine users, and to determine the nature and extent of any deficit. Fifty patients currently taking benzodiazepines for at least one year, thirty-four who had stopped taking benzodiazepines, and a matched control group of subjects who had never taken benzodiazepines or who had taken benzodiazepines in the past for less than one year were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests designed to measure a wide range of cognitive functions. It was found that patients taking high doses of benzodiazepines for long periods of time perform poorly on tasks involving visual-spatial ability and sustained attention. This is consistent with deficits in posterior cortical cognitive function.

Compulsory Psychiatric Treatment in the Community

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Sensky ◽  
Timothy Hughes ◽  
Steven Hirsch
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Use ◽  
Reduced Time ◽  
Treatment Order ◽  
Community Treatment Order

Following in-patient psychiatric treatment under Section 3 of the Mental Health Act, some patients have in the past remained on Section after discharge, and subsequently the Section has been renewed while the patient remained ‘on leave’. People treated thus with ‘extended leave’ probably resemble closely those who would be placed on a community treatment order if this were available. A group of these extended-leave patients was compared with a control group, matched for age, sex and diagnosis, selected by consultant psychiatrists as not requiring treatment using a community treatment order. The two groups showed very few differences, but the extended-leave patients more commonly had a history of recent dangerousness and non-compliance with psychiatric treatment. Use of extended leave improved treatment compliance, reduced time spent in hospital, and reduced levels of dangerousness.

scholarly journals Feeding Experiments on Vittina Turrita (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Neritidae) Reveal Tooth Contact Areas and Bent Radular Shape During Foraging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENCKE KRINGS ◽  
CHRISTINE HEMPEL ◽  
LISA SIEMERS ◽  
MARCO NEIBER ◽  
STANISLAV GORB
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Feeding Structure ◽  
3D Architecture ◽  
Area And Volume

Abstract The radula is the food gathering and processing structure and one important autapomorphy of the Mollusca. It is composed of a chitinous membrane with small, embedded teeth representing the interface between the organism and its ingesta. In the past, various approaches aimed at connecting the tooth shapes, which are highly distinct within single radulae due to their different functions. However, conclusions from the literature have been mainly drawn from microscopical analyses of mounted radulae, but the real interacting radular parts – even though the precise contact areas are essential for determining a tools functionality – and the 3D architecture of this complex feeding structure have not been previously determined. In the experimental approach presented here individuals of Vittina turrita (Neritidae, Gastropoda) were fed with algae paste attached to different sandpaper types. By comparison with radulae from a control group, sandpaper-induced tooth wear patterns were identified and both the area and volume loss were quantified. In addition to the exact contact area of each tooth, conclusions about the 3D position of teeth and the radular bending during feeding motion could be drawn. Furthermore, hypotheses about the specific functions of individual tooth types could be put forward. This kind of feeding experiments under controlled conditions is new for Mollusca and may provide a good basis for future studies on the radula functional morphology. It can be potentially applied to species with distinct tooth morphologies and ecological niches.

scholarly journals Removal effect of algicidal modified clay on Phaeocystis globosa blooms in culturing enclosure experiments: A short communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
X Qin ◽  
X Chen ◽  
F Li ◽  
H Ya ◽  
D Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beibu Gulf ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Phaeocystis Globosa ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Modified Clay ◽  
The Past ◽  
Field Culture

Abstract With the increased scale of marine aquaculture in the Beibu Gulf, as well as accelerating urbanization and industrialization, frequent harmful algal blooms (HABs) have occurred in this area, especially those formed by Phaeocystis globosa in the past several years. As the P. globosa bloom has been a serious marine ecological disaster in the Beibu Gulf, research on quick and effective methods to eliminate P. globosa blooms is a hot research topic. In this study, the bacteria Streptomyces yatensis B4503 combined with modified diatomite was used to prepare algicidal modified clay, which was then used to study the removal effect on P. globosa blooms in field culture enclosures. The results showed that after 6 h of treatment with algicidal modified clay, compared with the blank control group, the cell density and chlorophyll a content of P. globosa decreased by 26.86% and 64.03%, respectively, and they decreased by 75.23% and 84.81%, respectively, after 24 h. The study indicated that algicidal modified clay can be applied to eliminate HABs caused by P. globosa in coastal water.

scholarly journals Effect of Some Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Mixture on the Level of Fats and Cholesterol in Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Male with Hypothyroidism Induced Using Carbimazole

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Elham K. Nasser ◽  
Kithar R. Majeed ◽  
Hayder I. Ali
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Fortified Milk

Fortified milk containing Lactobacillus plantarum, L. casei, and L. acidophilus isolates and their mixture were used in dosing the male albino rats at an age of 9-12 weeks at an average of 23 g with induced hypothyroidism at a concentration of 0.6 g.kg-1 of carbimazole. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) were estimated. The results showed a significant increase in the level of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol and triglycerides. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), with a significant decrease in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in infected male mice, compared to the control sample, and upon dosing with liquid milk fortified, it returned to its normal level without significant differences from the control group.

scholarly journals Bone Healing Improvements Using Hyaluronic Acid and Hydroxyapatite/Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in Combination: An Animal Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Lan Chang ◽  
Yi-June Lo ◽  
Sheng-Wei Feng ◽  
Yu-Chih Huang ◽  
Hsin-Yuan Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Handling Characteristics ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Aqueous Binder

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of HLA as an aqueous binder of hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate (HA-βTCP) particles can reduce the amount of bone graft needed and increase ease of handling in clinical situations. In this study, HA/βTCP was loaded in commercially available crosslinking HLA to form a novel HLA/HA-βTCP composite. Six New Zealand White rabbits (3.0–3.6 kg) were used as test subjects. Four 6 mm defects were prepared in the parietal bone. The defects were filled with the HLA/HA-βTCP composite as well as HA-βTCP particle alone. New bone formation was analyzed by micro-CT and histomorphometry. Our results indicated that even when the HA-βTCP particle numbers were reduced, the regenerative effect on bone remained when the HLA existed. The bone volume density (BV/TV ratio) of HLA/HA-βTCP samples was 1.7 times larger than that of the control sample at week 2. The new bone increasing ratio (NBIR) of HLA/HA-βTCP samples was 1.78 times higher than the control group at week 2. In conclusion, HA-βTCP powder with HLA contributed to bone healing in rabbit calvarial bone defects. The addition of HLA to bone grafts not only promoted osteoconduction but also improved handling characteristics in clinical situations.

Water resistance of heat-treated welded Iroko, ash, tulip, and ayous wood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9584-9595
Author(s):  
Mustafa Zor
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Line Density ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Structural Applications

The friction welding method has been an effective criterion in determining the mechanical performance of wood joints in wood industry applications compared to traditional methods. Although it is used in structural applications, joints from linear vibration are quite sensitive to water. In this study, the water resistance of the heat-treated woods, iroko (Chlorophora excelsa), ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), tulip wood (Liriodendron tulipifera) and ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon), were investigated by friction linear welding. The weld line density profiles were examined. The resistance of heat-treated welded wood joints to water remarkably decreased compared to the control sample, depending on water immersion time. The highest shear strength loss was found in tulip wood (60% to 65%) and the lowest shear strength loss was found in ash wood (3%) for the heat-treated group and in Iroko wood (17%) for the control. The heat-treated samples increased in density with welding but had a slightly lower density than the control group. According to the TGA results, it was found that the thermal degradation of untreated welded woods was lower than that of heat-treated welded woods. This difference could be due to the chemical constituents of hardwood and tropical wood. X-ray computed tomography (CT-scanning) is feasible and usable for welding line density change.

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