Selection of waterlogging-tolerant and water purification herbaceous plants for the construction of a sponge city in Shenzhen, China

In recent years, seeking solutions to urban waterlogging and water pollution has always been one of the topics of concern. The problem of urban water accumulation occurs frequently in most areas of China in July and August. The contradiction between supply and demand of urban ecological water is prominent. In order to solve the problem of urban water accumulation caused by rainfall concentration, and to achieve the overall goal of building a water-saving green ecological city, the Shenzhen City should be built into a sponge city. Under this background, the physiological response of different forages to waterlogging stress and the removal of pollutants in rainwater were studied. In this study, ten herbaceous plants commonly used in Shenzhen were used as experimental materials. After 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days of waterlogging stress treatment, six physiological indexes, such as MDA, SP, and Pro contents and SOD, POD, and CAT activities, were comprehensively evaluated. Combined with the morphological changes of the plants after waterlogging, seven plants with strong waterlogging tolerance were determined, which were O. bodinieri, H. coronarium, I. tectorum, D. ensifolia, R. brittoniana, C. indica, and A. zerumbet. Then, according to their comprehensive evaluation of the removal capacity of pollutants in the rainwater, it is suggested to select O. bodinieri, H. coronarium, I. tectorum and D. ensifolia in areas with serious waterlogging. In areas with serious water pollution, R. brittoniana, A. zerumbet, D. ensifolia and H. coronarium are recommended. However, H. coronarium and D. ensifolia not only have a strong adaptability in the waterlogged environment, but also have a strong ability to remove pollutants in the rainwater, so they are suggested to be alternative herbaceous plants for sponge city in Shenzhen, China.

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Role of Sponge City Development in China’s battle against urban water pollution: Insights from a transjurisdictional water quality management study

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 294 ◽

pp. 126335

Author(s):

Jianzhi Xiong ◽

Yi Zheng ◽

Jingjie Zhang ◽

Peng Xu ◽

Haiyan Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Water Quality ◽

Quality Management ◽

Water Quality Management ◽

Urban Water ◽

City Development ◽

Sponge City ◽

Management Study

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Comparable and adaptable strategies to waterlogging stress regulated by adventitious roots between two contrasting species

Tree Physiology ◽

10.1093/treephys/tpab165 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dadong Li ◽

El-Hadji Malick Cisse ◽

Luyao Guo ◽

Juan Zhang ◽

Lingfeng Miao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Changes ◽

Primary Root ◽

Woody Species ◽

Plant Morphology ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Waterlogging Tolerance ◽

Root Porosity ◽

Waterlogging Stress ◽

Exogenous Aba ◽

Cortex Area

Abstract Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium cumini possess a certain waterlogging tolerance. However, the comparable and adaptable strategies to waterlogging stress between these two species on the basis of waterlogging adventitious root (AR) regulation were still unclear. In this study, the plant performances in response to AR regulation based on AR removal and exogenous hormone application were investigated in terms of plant morphology, physiology, photosynthesis, and AR traits. Results showed that C. operculatus possesses stronger waterlogging tolerance than S. cumini based on waterlogging tolerance coefficient, which is mainly due to the higher root biomass, root porosity, and length and activity of ARs, and shorter emergence time of ARs in C. operculatus than in S. cumini. The AR-R treatment increased activity and porosity of primary root, and induce a large amount of up-vertical ARs from the primary root systems in C. operculatus, while similar adaptive morphological changes in roots did not occur in AR-R treated S. cumini. Exogenous ABA application had better effects on alleviating waterlogging damages than exogenous IAA in balancing endogenous hormones (ABA and ZR), promoting ARs development (porosity and activity, and the ratio of cortex area to stele area), improving photosynthesis process and antioxidant system (soluble protein, free proline, and peroxidase). Moreover, under waterlogging conditions, exogenous ABA application induced greater increases in net photosynthesis rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll b (Chl b), and carotenoid (Caro) in S. cumini than in C. operculatus, which suggested that S. cumini responded more positively and efficiently to exogenous ABA application than C. operculatus under waterlogging conditions. Thus, the findings provided new insights into the waterlogging adaptable strategies in waterlogging tolerant woody species on the basis of ARs, and could provide scientific guidance for the application of these two species during revegetation activities in wetlands.

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Research on Agricultural Water Resource Shortage under the Background of Rapid Industrialization and Urbanization — For the Example of Shandong Province

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4935 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 518-523 ◽

pp. 4935-4940

Author(s):

Jun Jie Cao ◽

Jun Xia Xu ◽

Yi Fan Zhao

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Resource ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Urban Water ◽

Agricultural Water ◽

Rapid Industrialization ◽

Agricultural Water Resources ◽

Resource Shortage

With the quickening of the process of industrialization and urbanization, industry and urban water consumption rising increased the demand for agricultural water resource. Water pollution brought by industrialization and urbanization reduces the water supply. In the freshwater resources under the condition of the total supply shortage, Shandong agricultural water will face greater pressure. So various and effective measures must be taken to ease the contradiction between supply and demand of agricultural water resources.

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Waterlogging-Stress-Responsive LncRNAs, Their Regulatory Relationships with MiRNAs and Target Genes in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22158197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 8197

Author(s):

Kinga Kęska ◽

Michał Wojciech Szcześniak ◽

Adela Adamus ◽

Małgorzata Czernicka

Keyword(s):

Target Genes ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Sufficient Information ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Waterlogging Tolerance ◽

Cucumis Sativus L ◽

Waterlogging Stress ◽

Non Coding Rna

Low oxygen level is a phenomenon often occurring during the cucumber cultivation period. Genes involved in adaptations to stress can be regulated by non-coding RNA. The aim was the identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the response to long-term waterlogging stress in two cucumber haploid lines, i.e., DH2 (waterlogging tolerant—WL-T) and DH4 (waterlogging sensitive—WL-S). Plants, at the juvenile stage, were waterlogged for 7 days (non-primed, 1xH), and after a 14-day recovery period, plants were stressed again for another 7 days (primed, 2xH). Roots were collected for high-throughput RNA sequencing. Implementation of the bioinformatic pipeline made it possible to determine specific lncRNAs for non-primed and primed plants of both accessions, highlighting differential responses to hypoxia stress. In total, 3738 lncRNA molecules were identified. The highest number (1476) of unique lncRNAs was determined for non-primed WL-S plants. Seventy-one lncRNAs were depicted as potentially being involved in acquiring tolerance to hypoxia in cucumber. Understanding the mechanism of gene regulation under long-term waterlogging by lncRNAs and their interactions with miRNAs provides sufficient information in terms of adaptation to the oxygen deprivation in cucumber. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of long-term waterlogging tolerance by priming application in cucumber.

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Identification and Functional Analysis of ThADH1 and ThADH4 Genes Involved in Tolerance to Waterlogging Stress in Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12020225 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 225

Author(s):

Lei Xuan ◽

Jianfeng Hua ◽

Fan Zhang ◽

Zhiquan Wang ◽

Xiaoxiao Pei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Metabolism ◽

Flooding Tolerance ◽

Transcriptome Data ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Waterlogging Tolerance ◽

Waterlogging Stress ◽

Adh Genes ◽

Oxygen Conditions ◽

Stems And Leaves

The Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ (T. hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’) [Taxodium mucronatum Tenore × Taxodium distichum (L.). Rich] has an outstanding advantage in flooding tolerance and thus has been widely used in wetland afforestation in China. Alcohol dehydrogenase genes (ADHs) played key roles in ethanol metabolism to maintain energy supply for plants in low-oxygen conditions. Two ADH genes were isolated and characterized—ThADH1 and ThADH4 (GenBank ID: AWL83216 and AWL83217—basing on the transcriptome data of T. hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’ grown under waterlogging stress. Then the functions of these two genes were investigated through transient expression and overexpression. The results showed that the ThADH1 and ThADH4 proteins both fall under ADH III subfamily. ThADH1 was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus, whereas ThADH4 was only localized in the cytoplasm. The expression of the two genes was stimulated by waterlogging and the expression level in roots was significantly higher than those in stems and leaves. The respective overexpression of ThADH1 and ThADH4 in Populus caused the opposite phenotype, while waterlogging tolerance of the two transgenic Populus significantly improved. Collectively, these results indicated that genes ThADH1 and ThADH4 were involved in the tolerance and adaptation to anaerobic conditions in T. hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan 406’.

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Comprehensive evaluation of waterlogging tolerance of eleven Canna cultivars at flowering stage

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2022.110890 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 296 ◽

pp. 110890

Author(s):

Ting Zhao ◽

Xuejun Pan ◽

Zhengui Ou ◽

Qin Li ◽

Wen'e Zhang

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Waterlogging Tolerance

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Morphological and Physiological Responses of Seashore Paspalum and Bermudagrass to Waterlogging Stress

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs04737-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 144 (5) ◽

pp. 305-313

Author(s):

Bo Xiao ◽

David Jespersen

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Root Respiration ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Seashore Paspalum ◽

Waterlogging Stress ◽

Turf Quality

Turfgrasses have varying tolerance to waterlogging conditions. The objective of this study was to identify important root traits and physiological responses to waterlogging stress in seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) and bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.). After being exposed to waterlogging conditions for 28 days, turf quality, leaf photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance (gS), and root fresh weight were significantly decreased in bermudagrass, and root lipid peroxidation was significantly increased. However, seashore paspalum was found to be more tolerant to waterlogging conditions and changes in turf quality, photosynthesis, or lipid peroxidation were not seen. The waterlogging treatments increased specific root length (SRL), surface area, and volume and decreased root respiration and diameter to a greater extent in seashore paspalum compared with bermudagrass. Under waterlogging conditions, root aerenchyma formation was found in both seashore paspalum and bermudagrass, but to a greater extent in seashore paspalum. Both grasses exhibited significant increases in root water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) but to a lesser extent in seashore paspalum than in bermudagrass. Shoot WSC remained unchanged in seashore paspalum but was significantly increased in bermudagrass. These results indicate greater root morphological changes such as root volume, SRL, and root porosity, as well as lower root respiration may be important contributors to waterlogging tolerance for seashore paspalum.

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Transitioning to Sponge Cities: Challenges and Opportunities to Address Urban Water Problems in China

Water ◽

10.3390/w10091230 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1230 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Chris Zevenbergen ◽

Dafang Fu ◽

Assela Pathirana

Keyword(s):

Management Strategies ◽

National Level ◽

Life Time ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Economy ◽

Urban Water ◽

Building Stock ◽

Sponge City ◽

Existing Building ◽

Sustainable Urban Water Management

At present, the Sponge City Concept (SCC) is gaining ground, Sponge Cities technologies are becoming more and more accepted by Chinese city governments, and the first best practices are being shared. However, there are still many challenges ahead which hamper effective implementation and upscaling. This paper presents an overview of some opportunities and constraints for the take up of this approach and has drawn upon international experiences. In China at the national level, the State Council has set a progressive target for the SCC initiative to be achieved in 2030. This target seems to be ambitious as the time needed for integrative planning and design and implementation is much longer than traditional sectoral approaches often omitting to address social well-being, the (local) economy, and ecosystem health. This particularly holds true for the existing building stock. Transforming the existing building stock requires a long-term planning horizon, with urban restoration, regeneration, and modernization being key drivers for adapting the city to become a sponge city. A key challenge will be to align the sponge city initiative (SCI) projects with infrastructure and urban renovation portfolios. Moreover, substantial investment needs and a lack of reliable financing schemes and experience also provide a huge challenge for China. This calls for an integrative opportunistic strategy that creates enabling conditions for linking the SCI investment agenda with those from other sectors. These transformations cannot be made overnight: completing the transformation process will typically take a life time of one generation. The progress in sustainable urban water management is also impacted by innovations in technologies as well as in management strategies. These technological innovations create fertile ground for businesses to adapt state-of-the-art developments from around the world and contextualize them into fit-for-purpose products. China is well-placed to play a leading role in this process in the coming decade.

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