scholarly journals Allelopathic potential of Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. leaf extracts against the seedling growth of six test plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1534-1542
Author(s):  
Ei H. KYAW ◽  
Hisashi KATO-NOGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

Acacia pennata (L.) Willd (Mimosaceae), a woody climbing plant, is used as a traditional medicinal plant in the South and Southeast Asia regions and has been documented to have various pharmacological effects. However, the allelopathy of this plant still remains unclear. Thus, the allelopathic potential of A. pennata leaf extracts was examined against the seedling growth of dicot plants [alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cress (Lepidium sativum L.), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)] and monocot plants [barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.)] at six different concentrations. The results showed that the A. pennata leaf extracts inhibited the seedling growth of all the test plant species at concentrations ≥3 mg dry weight (D.W.) equivalent extract mL-1. The inhibitory activity of the extracts against both shoot and root growth varied with concentration and tested plants. The concentrations required for 50% inhibition of the test plant shoots and roots were 1.5-16.1 and 1.4-8.6 mg D.W. equivalent extract mL-1, respectively. The root growth of all the test plant species was more sensitive to the extracts than their shoot growth, except alfalfa. The results of the present study indicate that the A. pennata leaf extracts may have allelopathic potential and may contain allelopathic substances. Therefore, further studies are required for isolation and identification of the growth inhibitory substances which are responsible for the allelopathic effect of A. pennata.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Allelopathic Potential of Leaf Extracts from Dischidia imbricata (Blume) Steud. on the Seedling Growth of Six Test Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1019-1024
Author(s):  
Ramida KRUMSRI ◽  
Sutjaritpan BOONMEE ◽  
Hisashi KATO-NOGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity

Dischidia imbricata (Blume) Steud. is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family. This plant has been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, however, there has been no report related to its allelopathic properties. Therefore, the aqueous methanol extracts of D. imbricata were examined for possible allelopathic activity against the seedling growth of dicotyledonous plants; lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), cress (Lepidium sativum L.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and monocotyledonous plants; barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). D. imbricata extracts exhibited a significant inhibition on the seedling growth of all the test plant species at the concentration ≥ 0.01 g dry weight equivalent extract mL-1. The seedling growth of lettuce showed the highest inhibition with D. imbricata extracts followed by alfalfa and cress, whereas the least inhibition was found on the seedling growth of timothy. Concentrations required for 50% inhibition (I50 values) of all the test plant species were in the range of 0.003 to 0.067 g D.W. equivalent extract mL-1 for shoot growth, and 0.018 to 0.026 g D.W. equivalent extract mL-1 for root growth. In addition considering the I50 values, the root growth of the test plant species was more sensitive to D. imbricata extracts than their shoot growth, except cress seedling. These results indicated that D. imbricata may possess allelopathic activity and may contain allelopathic substances.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

Assessment of allelopathic potential of Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre and its growth inhibitory substance

2020 ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Ramida Krumsri ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki ◽  
Kiyotake Suenaga ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Substance ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

In forestry systems, many types of forest trees possess allelopathic properties and release a wide variety of allelochemicals that influence the growth and development of surrounding species. Dalbergia cochinchinensis, a forest tree distributed in Southeast Asia, is reputed to possess several biological properties and contain several secondary compounds. However, there have been no studies on the allelopathy of D. cochinchinensis. Therefore, D. cochinchinensis leaf extracts were examined for allelopathic potential. The present study showed that D. cochinchinensis extracts significantly inhibited the seedling growth of six test plant species: timothy, Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, cress, alfalfa, and lettuce. Concentrations of the D. cochinchinensis extracts negatively correlated with the shoot length (r = −0.50 to −0.89) and root length (r = −0.65 to −0.89) of all the test plant species. The extracts were then purified using several chromatographic steps and the growth inhibitory substance was isolated. The chemical structure of the substance was identified through spectroscopic analysis as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (protocatechuic acid). Protocatechuic acid at a concentration higher than 3 mM significantly inhibited the growth of cress seedlings, whereas barnyard grass seedlings were inhibited at concentrations higher than 0.3 mM. As the protocatechuic acid concentration increased, the seedling growth of cress and barnyard grass was significantly reduced. I50 values showed the effectiveness of protocatechuic acid against both test plant species was apparently greater on root growth than shoot growth. Results of this study suggest that protocatechuic acid isolated from D. cochinchinensis might be responsible for its inhibitory effects.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic effects of Cerbera manghas L. leaf extracts on seedling elongation of four monocot and four dicot test species

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichsan Nurul Bari ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Phytotoxic Effects ◽  
Cerbera Manghas

Exploration of allelochemicals with phytotoxic effects is intended to minimize a current dependency on synthetic herbicides in weed management. Several allelochemicals from the tropical tree <em>Cerbera manghas</em> (sea mango) have been reported as termiticides and bactericides. The present study investigated possible phytotoxic effects of <em>C. manghas</em> leaf extracts under laboratory conditions. Four monocots: barnyard grass (<em>Echinochloa crus-galli</em>), foxtail fescue (<em>Vulpia myuros</em>), Italian ryegrass (<em>Lolium multiflorum</em>), and timothy (<em>Phleum pratense</em>) and four dicots: alfalfa (<em>Medicago sativa</em>), garden cress (<em>Lepidium sativum</em>), lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa</em>), and rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em>) were used as test species. Elongation of both shoots and roots of seedlings was measured to assess any phytotoxic effects. The results showed that the sensitivities of shoots and roots were different between the test species, and the inhibition of seedling elongation significantly increased with increasing concentration of leaf extracts of <em>C. manghas</em> for all the test species. The IC<sub>50</sub> (50% inhibitory concentration) values showed that 8.50–32.30 and 4.26–34.67 mg dry weight equivalent extract mL<sup>−1</sup> of <em>C. manghas</em> inhibited seedling elongation by 50%, for shoots and roots respectively. Isolation and identification of the phytotoxic substances from <em>C. manghas</em> are suggested for future investigation.

scholarly journals Propagation and Possible Allelopathic Effects of Vernoniazeylanica on Selected Bioassay Species

CORD ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
S.H.S. Senarathne ◽  
S. S. Udumann
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Vernonia zeylanica (L.) belongs to the family Asteraceae, is one of the major endemic weed species present in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) plantations of the tropics, which propagates very easily.  There is a possibility that this plant could also possess allelopathic effects, but this has not been scientifically tested.  Thus, a study was carried out to determine the seed germination of V. zeylanica under soil moisture stress conditions, shoot propagation methods and possible allopathic effects of this species, on selected species in bioassay tests.  Germination of V. zeylanica seeds was not observed at higher osmotic potential (-0.9 MPa).  The highest sprouting percentage of this species were obtained with soft wood cuttings.  The aqueous leaf extract was highly phytotoxic, and it significantly reduced germination and seedling growth of all bioassay species tested. Full strength (33.3 g L-1) aqueous extracts of leaves significantly reduced the germination percentage, root and hypocotyl growth rates of all species tested.  The inhibitory effects were often dependent on concentration.  However, the degree of inhibition varied among the test plant species.  The seedling emergences of all four tested plants were severally inhibited when planted in V. zeylanica contaminated soil.  The results indicated that incorporated aqueous leaf extract of V. zeylanica and its rhizosphere contaminated soil can suppress seed germination, seedling growth and seedling emergence of certain plant species indicating a possible allelopathic effect.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Allelopathic Effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. Parts’ Aqueous Extracts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Moroccan Varieties of Durum Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amine Elbouzidi ◽  
Noureddine Bencheikh ◽  
Sara Seddoqi ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Youssef Bouramdane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

The phenomenon of allelopathy has been known for more than 2000 years. This phenomenon consists of the chemical interference of plant species (or other organisms), by enhancing, or inhibiting, the germination, seedling growth, or development of other plant species (or other organisms). This paper aimed to investigate the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of different parts of Matricaria chamomilla L. on germination parameters (radicle, coleoptile length, and dry weight) of two Moroccan varieties of durum wheat. Chamomile extracts from leaves, roots, or flowers at concentrations of 50 and 100 g·L−1 were prepared and applied to wheat durum seeds. The control group was given distilled water. In both studied varieties of durum wheat, only flowers’ aqueous extracts showed a significant positive allelopathic effect by increasing the studied parameters, while leaves and roots from chamomile showed an inhibiting potential on germination and seedling growth in varieties riyad and kanakis.

scholarly journals Congeneric comparison of allelopathic and autotoxic effects of four Solidago species

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Birutė Karpavicienė ◽  
Julija Danilovienė ◽  
Roberta Vykertaitė
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Invasive Plant Species ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Species Specific

The invasive species Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea are known for having the potential to inhibit their neighbours through allelopathy. However, there are no data on allelopathic properties of the natural interspecific hybrid S. ?niederederi and no investigations comparing the allelopathic potential of native and invasive Solidago species. We therefore studied the allelopathic effect of aqueous leaf extracts of S. virgaurea, S. canadensis, S. gigantea and S. ?niederederi on two congeneric pairs of species (Festuca and Solidago) occurring naturally in communities with the tested Solidago species. Germination and seedling growth of Festuca rubra were inhibited by all Solidago extracts more than were those characteristics of F. pratensis, while S. canadensis was more sensitive to its own and congeneric extracts than was S. ?niederederi. The effect of leaf type (green or withered) on Festuca seedling growth was target species-specific, while seed germination was more suppressed by green leaf extracts. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that invasive plant species have stronger persistent allelopathic effects on native plants compared to their native congeners.

scholarly journals Identification and Application of Bioactive Compounds from Garcinia xanthochymus Hook. for Weed Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2264
Author(s):  
Md. Mahfuzur Rob ◽  
Kawsar Hossen ◽  
Mst. Rokeya Khatun ◽  
Keitaro Iwasaki ◽  
Arihiro Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Garcinia Xanthochymus ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Allelopathic Compounds

The allelopathic potential of plant species and their related compounds has been increasingly reported to be biological tools for weed control. The allelopathic potential of Garcinia xanthochymus was assessed against several test plant species: lettuce, rapeseed, Italian ryegrass, and timothy. The extracts of G. xanthochymus leaves significantly inhibited all the test plants in a concentration- and species-specific manner. Therefore, to identify the specific compounds involved in the allelopathic activity of the G. xanthochymus extracts, assay-guided purification was carried out and two allelopathic compounds were isolated and identified as methyl phloretate {3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid methyl ester} and vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid). Both of the substances significantly arrested the cress and timothy seedlings growth. I50 values (concentrations required for 50% inhibition) for shoots and roots growth of the cress and timothy were 113.6–104.6 and 53.3–40.5 μM, respectively, for methyl phloretate, and 331.6–314.7 and 118.8–107.4 μM, respectively, for vanillic acid, which implied that methyl phloretate was close to 3- and 2-fold more effective than vanillic acid against cress and timothy, respectively. This report is the first on the presence of methyl phloretate in a plant and its phytotoxic property. These observations suggest that methyl phloretate and vanillic acid might participate in the phytotoxicity of G. xanthochymus extract.

scholarly journals Study of the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata Roxb

Plant Omics ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahfuzur Rob ◽  
Hisashi Kato- Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Shoot And Root Growth ◽  
Test Plants

The allelopathic properties of plants can be used as an alternative weed control method to reduce the use of synthetic herbicides. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to determine the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata. Six different concentrations of aqueous methanol extracts of G. pedunculata fruit were prepared and used to determine their effect on the growth of eight test plants: alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), foxtail fescue (Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The test plants were grown in Petri dishes and after 48 h incubation, the length of the roots and shoots of the seedlings was measured and compared with control seedlings. Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data was performed using the SPSS statistical package, and the I50 values were measured from a regression equation. The extracts at each concentration significantly inhibited the shoot and root growth of all the test plants, except the concentration of 0.001 g dry weight equivalent extract/mL, compared with control. At a concentration of 0.3 g of dry weight equivalent extract/mL, the shoot and root growth of all the tested plants were completely inhibited, except the shoot growth of barnyard grass. The degree of inhibition increased in line with increased extract concentration. The shoots of alfalfa and the roots of barnyard grass were determined to be the most susceptible to the G. pedunculata extract based on the concentration of extract resulting in 50% (I50) growth inhibition of the test plants. These results suggest that G. pedunculata may have allelopathic potential and may possess allelochemicals. From our study, we can conclude that G. pedunculata could be developed as an eco-friendly weed control option.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Three Oil Enriched Plants against Seedling Growth of Common Field Crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A K M Mominul Islam ◽  
Md Mojidul Haque ◽  
Oly Bhowmik ◽  
Sabina Yeasmin ◽  
Md Parvez Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Natural Herbicides ◽  
Control Laboratory Condition

Current study aims to investigate into the allelopathic potential of the different parts (leaf, bark, stem, twig and root) of three oil-enrich plant species of Bangladesh viz., Jatropha curcus, Ricinus communis and Aphanamixis polystachya. The aqueous extract of those plant parts were diluted into four different concentrations viz., 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 (w/v) and tested against the seedling growth of jute, rice, wheat, radish, tomato, mungbean and mustard under control laboratory condition. A control (distilled water without extract) was also maintained in every cases and the bioassay experiment was replicated thrice. The results of this research showed that the shoot and root growth inhibition of rice, wheat, jute, tomato, radish, mungbean and mustard by leaf, bark, stem, twig and root extracts of J. curcus, R. communis and A. polystachya varied significantly. Compare to the shoot growth, the root growth of the test species inhibited more except J. curcus. The leaf and root have higher allelopathic potential than any other parts of the studied plants. Finally, it can be concluded here that J. curcus plant extracts has higher allelopathic potential than other two plants R. communis and A. polystachya. Therefore, J. curcus can be used as a candidate plant for isolation and identification of allelopathic substances for the development of new natural herbicides.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Two Potent Phytotoxic Substances from Afzelia xylocarpa for Controlling Weeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3542
Author(s):  
Ramida Krumsri ◽  
Kaori Ozaki ◽  
Toshiaki Teruya ◽  
Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Seedling Length

Phytotoxic substances released from plants are considered eco-friendly alternatives for controlling weeds in agricultural production. In this study, the leaves of Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib. were investigated for biological activity, and their active substances were determined. Extracts of A. xylocarpa leaf exhibited concentration-dependent phytotoxic activity against the seedling length of Lepidium sativum L., Medicago sativa L., Phleum pratense L., and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the A. xylocarpa leaf extracts led to isolating and identifying two compounds: vanillic acid and trans-ferulic acid. Both compounds were applied to four model plants using different concentrations. The results showed both compounds significantly inhibited the model plants’ seedling length in a species-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The phytotoxic effects of trans-ferulic acid (IC50 = 0.42 to 2.43 mM) on the model plants were much greater than that of vanillic acid (IC50 = 0.73 to 3.17 mM) and P. pratense was the most sensitive to both compounds. In addition, the application of an equimolar (0.3 mM) mixture of vanillic acid and trans-ferulic acid showed the synergistic effects of the phytotoxic activity against the root length of P. pratense and L. sativum. These results suggest that the leaves of A. xylocarpa and its phytotoxic compounds could be used as a natural source of herbicides.

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