scholarly journals Bioremediation of diesel polluted soils with Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 920-928
Author(s):  
Saheed I. MUSA ◽  
Felix M. OKE ◽  
Charlotte C. NDIRIBE
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Before And After

Diesel oil contamination is a growing environmental concern in most crude oil processing regions of the world. This study assessed the efficacy of both fresh and powdered Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) as potential biostimulants in the remediation of diesel oil contaminated soils using three test concentrations (50 g, 100 g and 150 g) and a control (0 g). The remediation process was monitored by assaying the total organic carbon (TOC), total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and soil pH before and after amendment with the fresh and powdered E. crassipes for 90 days. The result showed increase in soil pH, TOC, TPH and volatile matter (VM) in comparison with the control due to soil contamination by diesel oil. However, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in soil pH and TOC with the introduction of fresh and powdered E. crassipes at different concentrations. Contaminated soil amended with 100 g of fresh E. crassipes showed the highest TOC loss (59.7%) alongside soil amended with 100 g of powdered E. crassipes (47.36%) while the control showed the least TOC loss (0.91%). Similarly, soil TPH decreased significantly across all concentrations after amendment (p < 0.05). Overall, soil amended with fresh E. crassipes showed higher TPH loss than soil amended with powdered E. crassipes. This study reveals the potentials of using E. crassipes in the remediation of diesel oil contaminated soils. Above all, we demonstrate that fresh E. crassipes is a potentially stronger biostimulant than powdered E. crassipes.

scholarly journals Biostimulation for the Enhanced Degradation of Herbicides in Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramdas Gopinath Kanissery ◽  
Gerald K. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Redox Cycle ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Remediation Strategy ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Enhanced Degradation

Cleanup of herbicide-contaminated soils has been a dire environmental concern since the advent of industrial era. Although microorganisms are excellent degraders of herbicide compounds in the soil, some reparation may need to be brought about, in order to stimulate them to degrade the herbicide at a faster rate in a confined time frame. “Biostimulation” through the appropriate utilization of organic amendments and nutrients can accelerate the degradation of herbicides in the soil. However, effective use of biostimulants requires thorough comprehension of the global redox cycle during the microbial degradation of the herbicide molecules in the soil. In this paper, we present the prospects of using biostimulation as a powerful remediation strategy for the rapid cleanup of herbicide-polluted soils.

scholarly journals Studi Pengaruh Waktu Alkalisasi pada Ekstraksi Selulosa Berbasis Serat Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ainun Zulfikar ◽  
Ni Putu Sriniti Novi Kartika Putri ◽  
Gusti Umindya Nur Tajalla
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Mass Volume

This study uses fiber from water hyacinth as the object of research, which is a plant that contains lignocellulose which consists of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. Cellulose extraction is needed to obtain purer cellulose. The cellulose extraction method used was alkalization, using a 17.5% NaOH solution in a mass: volume ratio of 1: 100 with a variation of alkalization time for 20 minutes, 40 minutes and 60 minutes and the alkalization method uses the reflux heating method. Tests used in this study were include gravimetric methods namely Chesson Datta, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Chesson Datta is used to determine the quantitative lignocellulose content by reducing the initial mass and final mass of the sample from the process. FTIR is used to determine the functional groups that lignocellulose has from each sample. SEM was conducted to determine the morphology of the water hyacinth fibers before and after the alkalization treatment. The results obtained by Chesson Datta, with the most optimal alkalization time were 20 minutes with 53.3% cellulose content, 27.6% hemicellulose, and 0.3% lignin. FTIR shows the functional groups C = O, C = C, and C-H belonging to lignocellulose along with the shifting of the wave number and the change in absorbance in each variable. SEM shows morphological differences in the fibers undergoing the process of alkalization with those without treatment. So that the alkalization affects the morphology of the water hyacinth fiber.

scholarly journals The Improving Conditions for the Aerobic Bacteria Performing the Degradation of Obsolete Pesticides in Polluted Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117862212098259
Author(s):  
Tinatin Doolotkeldieva ◽  
Saikal Bobusheva ◽  
Mahabat Konurbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Single Culture ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Obsolete Pesticides ◽  
Chemical Contents

Currently, in the territory of Kyrgyzstan, 50 storage facilities of obsolete pesticides exist; they store about 5000 tons of these hazardous chemicals. The storage conditions have become unusable for a long time. They pose a serious threat to the people living there, livestock, and the environment. The main purpose of this research was the use of selected bacteria with cytochrome P450 genes for the bioremediation of polluted soils around the burial sites in model soil experiments. In the first trial of biodegradation experiments, one contaminated soil was used without any changes in chemical contents, and in the second, the physical and chemical contents of the soil were improved to maintain the bioremediation conditions. The soils in both variants were treated 3 times (ie, once a month) with suspensions of a single culture or a blend of active bacteria (1 × 108 cells/mL) selected from in vitro biodegradation experiments. Two control units without the addition of the bacteria culture were also run. The quantification of targeted persistent organic pollutants (POPs) before and after biodegradation was performed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) coupled to a mass spectrometer. In 6 months, obsolete pesticides such as dieldrin, α-endosulfan, β-endosulfan, and 4-heptachlor-epox pure were able to degrade almost completely, up to 98% to 99.0%, by the blend of bacteria and the single culture of bacteria. Endrin aldehyde showed more resistance as the blend of bacteria was able to degrade it to 59.77%. To improve the aerobic degradation for elimination of pesticides from contaminated soils, it is necessary to create optimal agrotechnical and agrochemical conditions.

scholarly journals Penambahan Sabut Kelapa dan Penggunaan Lem Kayu Sebagai Perekat untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Kalor pada Biobriket Enceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Indri Yanti ◽  
Muh Pauzan
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Three Samples

Penggunaan energi fosil yang berlebihan menjadikan ketersedian sumber energi tersebut semakin menipis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu usaha untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil, seperti menyediakan energi alternatif yang dapat diperbahurui, melimpah jumlahnya, dan ekonomis. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang dapat dikembangkan adalah biobriket dari biomassa. Pada penelitian ini, biomassa yang digunakan yaitu enceng gondok dan sabut kelapa dengan menggunkan lem kayu sebagai perekat. Nilai kalor enceng gondok masih rendah maka untuk meningkatkan nilai kalornya dilakukan penambahan sabut kelapa. Konsenterasi perekat adalah 10% dari massa total sampel dengan ukuran partikel 20 mesh untuk ketiga variasi perbandingan antara enceng gondok dan sabut kelapa yaitu 1:1, 3:1 dan 1:3 berturut-turut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biobriket dengan perbandingan 1:1, 3:1 dan 1:3 memiliki nilai kalor sebesar 4990 kal/g, 4749 kal/g dan 5312 kal/g berturut-turut. Nilai kalor 5312 kal/g sudah sesuai standar SNI 01-6235-2000. Sampel yang memiliki nilai kalor tertinggi tersebut disebabkan oleh komposisi sabut kelapa yang paling banyak diantara sampel lain. Sampel dengan kalor tertinggi memiliki kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang dan kadar karbon padat sebesar 9%, 12%, 60%, dan 19% berturut-turut.Excessive use of fossil energy results decrease of energy resources. Therefore, an alternative energy is studied to reduce the dependent on fossil energy. Alternative energy has the characteristics such as renewable, abundant and economist. One of the alternative energy that could be developed is biobriquette from biomass. In this research, biobriquette is synthesized from both water hyacinth and coconut husk, wood glue as adhesive. Due to the calorific value of water hyacinth that is relatively small, coconut husk is added, wood glue is used to improve the value. Glue’s concentration is 10% of the total sample’s mass with 20 mesh particle size for three samples with ratio between water hyacinth and coconut husk is 1:1, 3:1 and 1:3, respectively. The result shows that biobriquette with the ratio 1:1, 3:1 and 1:3 has a calorific value of 4990 cal/g, 4749 cal/g and 5312 cal/g, respectively. The 5312 cal/g is match to SNI 01-6235-2000 standard and that the highest value is the effect of the largest amount of coconut husk than the other samples. Biobriquette that has the highest calorific value has the inherent moisture, ash content, volatile matter and fixed carbon 9%, 12%, 60% and 19% respectively.

Study of The Pharmacological Activity and Heavy Metal Content of Eichhornia Crassipes Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Jimmy ◽  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Paulus Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Heavy Metal Content ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Negative Impacts

Eichhornia crassipes is well-known as water hyacinth. Water hyacinth grows rapidly in the nutrient-rich water and high light intensity places. The uncontrollable growth of water hyacinth has caused many negative impacts to the environment. For instance, interrupted water transport and decreased population of aquatic lives. The capacity of utilising water hyacinth is slower than water hyacinth growth and water hyacinth is still considered as a threat to theecosystem. This work was focused on the study of the pharmacological activity and heavy metal content of water hyacinth in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang. Fresh water hyacinth was pre-treated through oven-drying and milling process. After that, each part of the plant was macerated by using multiple extraction method with 96% ethanol/water and three variations of sample-to-solvent ratios (1:30, 1:50, and 1:75 w/v). The result of the experiment showed thatwater hyacinth leaves produced an extract with lowest IC 50 (55.76 ± 6.73 ppm) compared toother parts. The most optimum solvent used to achieve this result was 96% ethanol/water (1:1 v/v). In order to obtain the lowest antioxidant activity, the sample to solvent ratio used was 1:50 and the heavy metal in the extract was very low. With this result, it was concluded that there is a promising opportunity to apply the water hyacinth growing in Lake Cipondoh, Tangerang as herbal medicine ingredient. Through this utilization, the overall number of water hyacinth in Indonesia can be reduced or at the least be controlled, so that the environmental problem caused by this plant can be minimized.

Extraction, Purification and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms: A Common Aquatic Weed Water Hyacinth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kannan Kilavan Packiam ◽  
Bharani Murugesan ◽  
Pavithra Mettupalayam Kaliyannan Sundaramoorthy ◽  
Harshini Srinivasan ◽  
Keerthika Dhanasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Purification And Characterization

scholarly journals Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Mahrous Awad ◽  
Zhongzhen Liu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metals (HMs) toxicity represents a global problem depending on the soil environment’s geochemical forms. Biochar addition safely reduces HMs mobile forms, thus, reducing their toxicity to plants. While several studies have shown that biochar could significantly stabilize HMs in contaminated soils, the study of the relationship of soil properties to potential mechanisms still needs further clarification; hence the importance of assessing a naturally contaminated soil amended, in this case with Paulownia biochar (PB) and Bamboo biochar (BB) to fractionate Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu using short sequential fractionation plans. The relationship of soil pH and organic matter and its effect on the redistribution of these metals were estimated. The results indicated that the acid-soluble metals decreased while the fraction bound to organic matter increased compared to untreated pots. The increase in the organic matter metal-bound was mostly at the expense of the decrease in the acid extractable and Fe/Mn bound ones. The highest application of PB increased the organically bound fraction of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu (62, 61, 34, and 61%, respectively), while the BB increased them (61, 49, 42, and 22%, respectively) over the control. Meanwhile, Fe/Mn oxides bound represents the large portion associated with zinc and copper. Concerning soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH, as potential tools to reduce the risk of the target metals, a significant positive correlation was observed with acid-soluble extractable metal, while a negative correlation was obtained with organic matter-bound metal. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the total variance represents 89.7% for the TCPL-extractable and HMs forms and their relation to pH and SOM, which confirms the positive effect of the pH and SOM under PB and BB treatments on reducing the risk of the studied metals. The mobility and bioavailability of these metals and their geochemical forms widely varied according to pH, soil organic matter, biochar types, and application rates. As an environmentally friendly and economical material, biochar emphasizes its importance as a tool that makes the soil more suitable for safe cultivation in the short term and its long-term sustainability. This study proves that it reduces the mobility of HMs, their environmental risks and contributes to food safety. It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document