scholarly journals Genetic Variation for Grain Yield and Related Traits in Temperate Red Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Ecotypes

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulzar Singh SANGHERA ◽  
Subhash C. KASHYAP ◽  
Ghulam A. PARRAY
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Panicle Weight

The present study was carried out in Kashmir (India) to assess the genetic variability for grain yield and component traits among 14 red rice ecotypes from temperate region (locally known as Zag for its coloured kernels) and correlation and path coefficients were also studied for fifteen agro-morphological characters. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were high for grain yield, secondary branches per panicle and panicle weight; moderate for grain number per panicle, grain length:breadth (L:B) ratio and panicle density. High heritability accompanied by high to moderate genetic advance for panicle density, days to 50% flowering, plant height, grain number indicated the predominance of additive gene action for the expression of these characters. Grain yield was found to be positively and significantly correlated with number of tiller per plant, panicle density m-2 and number of grain per panicle at both genotypic and phenotypic levels indicating the importance of these characters for yield improvement in this material. The results of genotypic path analysis revealed that panicle density had the highest positive direct effect followed by plant height and days to flower. The overall results indicated that selection favouring higher panicle density, test weight and panicle weight and medium plant height with a reasonable balance for moderate grain number would help to achieve higher grain yield in this population of red rice ecotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic variability to improve yield and resistance to bacterial leaf blight in rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
AK Singh ◽  
RK Singh ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
M Arya ◽  
PK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Panicle Weight

One hundred F2 and F3 single plant progenies along with their parents and the infector rows were evaluated for 13 quantitative traits to assess the genetic variability, heritability, associations and estimation of number of genes for bacterial leaf blight resistance and yield related traits. In both F2 and F3, a wide range of variability was present for all the traits, indicating considerable scope for selection. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of effective tillers per plant and grain yield per plant. Positive and significant correlation were observed between grain yield per plant with days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, number of effective tillers per plant, test weight and flag leaf length in either one of the generation or in combination of both F2 and F3. Path-coefficients analysis showed that plant height, panicle length and test weight had high direct positive effect in both the F2 and F3. The estimated number of gene(s) in the segregating generations for bacterial leaf blight was 2.14 in the F2 and 0.92 in the F3 revealed that two genes were involved in the inheritance of resistance to bacterial leaf blight in F2, while only one gene in F3 due to dominance effect.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, association and diversity analysis in upland Rice (Oryza sativa L)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Khare ◽  
AK Singh ◽  
S Eram ◽  
PK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Fertile Spikelet

High heritability coupled with high to moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for grain yield per plant, plant height, test weight, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and number of effective tillers per plant. Positive and significant association were observed for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and spikelet fertility with grain yield per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic level, while highest positive direct effect on grain yield was recorded by fertile spikelet per panicle, total number of grains per panicle, plant height and days to 50% flowering. Based on ten quantitative traits the accessions were clustered into seven groups, the cluster III contained highest 14 accessions, followed by clusters I comprised 11 accessions and cluster VI, VII, V, IV and II have 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 accessions, respectively. The first four principal components accounted for 77.13% of total variation of all the traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21915 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 40-51 (2014)

Genetic studies for drought tolerance under contrasting moisture regimes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
D Shoba ◽  
S Robin ◽  
P Jeyaprakash ◽  
M Arumugam Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Leaf Rolling ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Stress Regime

Twenty six genotypes and four check varieties were studied for drought tolerance in rice. The experiment was conducted under both irrigated and stress regimes. Ten different drought tolerant contributing traits were evaluated under stress regime and five yield contributing traits were evaluated under irrigated regime. Among the studied genotypes, IR 87651-26-1-1-3 possessed desirable mean performance under stress for grain yield with other studied traits except number of panicles per plant. Under irrigated regime, the genotypes IR 87753-13-1-1-3, IR 87638-10-1-1-3, IR 87759-5-2-1-3 and IR 83381-B-B-137-3 were advantageous for grain yield and other studied traits except number of panicles per plant. From the variability studies under stress, the traits viz., leaf rolling, leaf senescence, leaf drying, panicle exsertion and grain yield exhibited high genetic advance indicated additive gene action and selection is desirable for these traits. High heritability with advantageous genetic advance was recorded for plant height and grain yield under non-stress regime. From the association analysis, grain yield had positive correlation with plant height, number of panicles per plant and panicle length and negative correlation with days to fifty per cent flowering, leaf rolling, leaf senescence, leaf drying and panicle exsertion under stress. Grain yield was positively correlated with days to fifty per cent flowering, plant height and panicle length under non stress. The desirable genotypes recognized from this study may be utilized as donors and the desirable traits identified may be exploited for drought tolerance rice breeding programs.

scholarly journals Effects of Chlorsulfuron 75% WDG Herbicide and Varieties on Striga Control and Sorghum Yield in Tigray, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Letemariam Desta ◽  
Dawit F. Weldearegay
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Partial Budget ◽  
Sorghum Plant ◽  
Panicle Weight

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench] is widely cultivated but the productivity is very low due to different factors such as Striga hermonthica. Field trails were carried out at Humera location to determine the management of striga to different rates of herbicide application to increase sorghum yield during 2017 cropping season. The trail consisted of eight treatments; 0 (control), 10, 15 and 20gha-1 rates of Chlorsulfron. The herbicide rates were assigned to the main plot while sorghum varieties were assigned to subplots, replicated three times in a split plot design. The data of days to 50%emergence, 50%flowering, plant height at maturity, Panicle length, panicle weight (g), yield per panicle (g), 1000 seed weight (g), grain yield (kg ha-1), above ground dry biomass (kg ha-1) and striga data days to first striga emergence, days to first flowering, number of striga count, branch number per striga plant, striga count per sorghum plant, striga height and biomass (kg/m2 respectively. Partial budget analysis was computed to assess the economic visibility of herbicide application where recorded. Result showed that application of herbicide rates and varieties increased plant height, panicle length, number of heads harvested per plot, panicle weight, yield per panicle, 1000 seed weight and grain yield over the control. Maximum grain yield (3725kg ha-1) was obtained from application of 15 g ha-1 Chlorsulfron with variety Deber. Days to first flowering, striga count per sorghum plant, stand counts of striga at 45DAP, 65 DAP and 85DAP M-2, branch number per plant, plant height and biomass of striga were significantly (P<0.01) affected with the application of herbicide rates and varieties. The partial budget showed that an investing of 1.0 birr on application of herbicide with varieties earn 2.34 birr. Generally, application of Chlorsulfuron75% WDG and use local variety with high yielder could be an advantage to obtain highest yield and profit for the farmers in striga infestation areas.

Correlation Studies on Grain Yield and its Component Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
R. ARULMOZHI R. ARULMOZHI ◽  
◽  
Dr. A. MUTHUSWAMY Dr. A. MUTHUSWAMY
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Component Traits

Study onGenetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Seed Yield and Component Traits in Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUNIT KUMAR ◽  
VICHITRA KUMAR ARYA ◽  
PRADEEP KUMAR ◽  
LOKENDRA KUMAR ◽  
JOGENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for seed yield and component traits was made in 40 genotypes of riceduring kharif 2011-2012 at SHIATS, Allahabad. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the 13 traits under study.The genotypes namely CN 1446-5-8-17-1-MLD4 and CR 2706 recorded highest mean performance for panicles per hill and grain yield. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances (VG and VP) were recorded for spikelets per panicle (3595.78 and 3642.41) followed by biological yield (355.72 and 360.62) and plant height (231.48 and 234.35).High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, flag leaf length, panicles per hill, tillers per hill, days to maturity, spikelet’s per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight and grain yield, indicating that selection will be effective based on these traits because they were under the influence of additive and additive x additive type of gene action. Highest coefficient of variation (PCV and GCV) was recorded for tillers per hill (18.42% and 17.23%), panicle per hill (19.76 % and 18.68%), spikelet’s per panicle (34.30 and34.07 %), biological yield (28.31 % and 28.12 %), 1000 grain weight (15.57 % and 15 31 %) and grain yield (46.66% and 23.54 %), indicating that these traits are under the major influence of genetic control, therefore the above mentioned traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other traits, indicating grain yield improvement through the associated traits.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Grain Yield and its Component Traits in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikrishna LATHA ◽  
Deepak SHARMA ◽  
Gulzar S. SANGHERA
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Yield Trials

The nature and magnitude of heterosis and combining ability was studied in 18 F1 hybrids involving three CMS lines and six testers using line × tester analysis. The analysis of variance for combining ability of all the traits showed that variances due to treatments, parents, hybrids were highly significant. The line ‘CRMS 32A’ and testers viz. ‘Super rice-8’, ‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ and ‘Jitpiti’ were identified as good general combiners. The significant differences between lines x testers interaction indicates that SCA attributed heavily in the expression of these traits and demonstrates the importance of dominance or non additive variances for all the traits. The hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ and ‘APMS 6A’/‘Super rice-8’ were promising for grain yield. The magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were also estimated for different characters. A high degree of relative heterosis was observed for grain yield (20.45- 82.37%) in the hybrids viz., ‘CRMS 32A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘APMS 6A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘APMS 6A’/‘Jitpiti’ and ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’. While, a higher degree of: heterobeltiosis (13.60 -68.37%) was observed for grain yield in the hybrids viz., ‘CRMS 32A’/‘Super rice-8’, ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’, ‘APMS 6A’/’Super rice-8’ and ‘APMS 6A’/’Jitpiti’. A high degree of standard heterosis was observed for grain yield in the hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/‘R 1099-2569-1-1’. The hybrid ‘CRMS 32A’/ ‘R 1099-2569-1-1’ recorded a high degree of relative heterosis (62.01%), heterobeltiosis (57.35%) and standard heterosis (15.05 and 25.51% over check hybrids, ‘Mahamaya’ and ‘Indirasona’, respectively) that can be tested on yield trials for its further testing over locations.

scholarly journals Daya Gabung Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Persilangan Dialel Menggunakan Metode Griffing II

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan ◽  
Baiq Erna Listiana ◽  
Sofi Rianti
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Materials Used

Diallel crossing is a method that is widely used to determine the ability to combine each individual so that it can identify the potential elders to be used in crossbreeding programs to assemble high yielding varieties. This experiment aims to determine the combining power of dialelic crosses of several varieties of rice using the Griffing II method, carried out in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University in Nyiur Lembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, from February to July 2019. This experiment uses the method experiments carried out in the field. The materials used in this experiment were four parents, namely IPB 3S variety, Situ Patenggang variety, Inpari 32 and G11 strain and the phenotype of the cross between the four parents. The experimental results showed that the effects of general affinity and special affinity for all observed characters (plant height, number of productive tillers, number of non-productive tillers, panicle length, number of filled grain, number of empty grain and weight of 100 grains) were significantly different, except on the effect of general affinity for the number of non-productive tillers showed no significant difference. The results of the combined power analysis of the four elders were positive, so it can be said that the four elders would get good results when crossed with a number of other genotypes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Underutilized Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) Accessions using Morphological and Quality Traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nirubana ◽  
R. Ravikesavan ◽  
K. Ganesamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
Inflorescence Length

Background: Kodo millet is an important drought tolerant crop and has high nutritional values, dietary fiber and antioxidant properties. It has considerable production potential in marginal and low fertility soils under diverse environmental conditions. Considering the importance of the crop, it is necessary to improve the nutritional quality along with grain yield of the crop. With this background, the investigation was aimed to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis which helps to identify the promising traits for yield and quality improvement. Methods: One hundred and three kodo millet germplasm lines were evaluated for 13 morpho-agronomic and two grain nutritional traits. The crop was raised in randomized block design to select the promising genotypes and to study the association among the traits and the magnitude of direct and indirect effects for fifteen quantitative traits. Result: Based on the overall mean performance the significant genotypes were identified and found wide range of variability for different traits. Character association studies indicated that days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers, peduncle length, inflorescence length, length of the longest raceme and thumb length were significantly positive association with grain yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that inflorescence length, plant height, length of the longest raceme, flag leaf blade length and number of productive tillers exhibited high direct positive effect on grain yield. Therefore, giving importance of these traits during selections may be useful for developing nutritionally superior high yielding kodo millet genotypes.

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN POC GAMAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) DENGAN METODE SALIBU

EUGENIA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mifta Mamentu ◽  
Jeanne M. Paulus ◽  
Edy Lengkong
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Treatment Factor

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research was to studied the application of gliricidia MOL on the growth and yield of lowland rice in the salibu method, and to get the best concentration of gliricidia liquid organic fertilizer  (POC) on the growth and production of lowland rice. Field research has been conducted in Tababo Village, Subdistrict of Belang, district of Southeast Minahasa. The treatment in the experiment consists of one treatment factor, that were concentrations of gliricidia POC, ie  : 0, 50 , 100, 150, and 200 ml/litre. The results showed that gliricidia POC  have an effect on plant height, the number of  grain/panicle, and the dry grain yield (GKP) / plot, but not affect the number of productive tillers and weight of 1,000 grain. The best results were achieved in gliricidia POC concentration 200 ml/litre  with the highest values were: plant height was 98.93 cm; 116.420 grain/panicle; and 8.300 kg dry grain yield or equivalent to 6.92 ton/ha.Keywords : gliricidia POC, production, lowland rice,  salibu method

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