scholarly journals Evidence of Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-oxidant Effect of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa (Sims.) in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash PANCHANATHAN ◽  
Jayanthi RAJENDRAN
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide problem and has no distinct cure. The present study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and antilipidemic effects of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa extract (PefEt) against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. A total of forty wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 male rats/group) as control; control+PefEt; diabetic and diabetic + PefEt. Streptozotocin was administered as a single dose (50 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. The effect of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa (PefEt-250 mg/kg bodyweight for four weeks) on diabetic rats was investigated by evaluating various biochemical parameters. The levels of blood glucose, C-peptide, insulin; enzymatic antioxidants, total antioxidant status, oxidative markers (Malondialdehyde and Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) and lipid profile were measured. Levels of glucose, MDA and urinary 8-OHdG were significantly decreased, while levels of antioxidants, C-peptide and insulin were significantly increased on administration of PefEt in the STZ-induced rats when compared to control groups. Therefore, it could be concluded that PefEt must be considered as an excellent herb for future studies on diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities of Scorzonera cinerea radical leaves in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Random Groups ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Abstract Scorzonera species are used for treating various diseases. They are consumed raw, especially in the spring, and have nutritious and dietetic values. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of Scorzonera cinerea (Sc) radical leaves in diabetes mellitus. Five random groups of Wistar rats (n = 8) were created – control, diabetic, acarbose, Sc-Dried, and Sc-Frozen. Phenolic profiles of extracts were determined by HPLC. Free radical scavenging capacity was measured using DPPH and ABTS tests. The inhibitory effects of Sc extracts on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities were also evaluated. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were analyzed in the liver tissues. While dried Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-amylase inhibitory activity, frozen Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen extracts lowered blood glucose and HbA1c levels, they also increased insulin. Although liver MDA and TOS were significantly increased in the diabetic group, their values were significantly lower in the Sc-Dried- and Sc-Frozen-treated groups. GSH, TAS, and anti-oxidant enzyme activities decreased in the diabetic group, but Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen supplements significantly enhanced liver antioxidant values. In conclusion, S. cinerea treatment exerts potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects in diabetes. Thus, it can be considered as a candidate dietary supplement for health benefits in diabetes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Induced Diabetes Mellitus on the Cerebellar Cortex of Adult Male Rat and the Possible Protective Role of Oxymatrine: A Histological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany Mohamed Shalaby ◽  
Adel Mohamed Aboregela ◽  
Mohamed Ali Alabiad ◽  
Mona Tayssir Sadek
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a widespread metabolic disease with a well-known neurotoxicity in both central and peripheral nervous systems. Oxymatrine is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has various pharmacological activities including; anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory potentials. The present work aimed to study the impact of diabetes mellitus on the cerebellar cortex of adult male albino rat and to evaluate the potential protective role of oxymatrine using different histological methods. Fifty-five adult male rats were randomly divided into three groups: group I served as control, group II was given oxymatrine (80 mg/kg/day) orally for 8 weeks and group III was given a single dose of streptozotocin (50mg/kg) intaperitoneally to induce diabetes. Then diabetic rats were subdivided into two subgroups: subgroup IIIa that received no additional treatment and subgroup IIIb that received oxymatrine similar to group II. The diabetic group revealed numerous changes in the Purkinje cell layer in the form of multilayer arrangement of Purkinje cells, shrunken cells with deeply stained nuclei as well as focal loss of the Purkinje cells. A significant increment in GFAP and synaptophysin expression was reported. Transmission electron microscopy showed irregularity and splitting of myelin sheaths in the molecular layer, dark shrunken Purkinje cells with ill-defined nuclei, dilated Golgi saccules and dense granule cells with irregular nuclear outlines in the granular layer. In contrast, these changes were less evident in diabetic rats that received oxymatrine. In conclusion, Oxymatrine could protect the cerebellar cortex against changes induced by DM.

scholarly journals The Oxidative Stress in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients. An Attempt of Evaluation of Possible Compensatory Effects Occurring in the Disease Development

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Paździor ◽  
Małgorzata Kiełczykowska ◽  
Jacek Kurzepa ◽  
Dorota Luchowska-Kocot ◽  
Joanna Kocot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

Background and Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disorder of the musculoskeletal system resulting in worsening of life condition. The research revealed the involvement of oxidative stress into both OA pathogenesis and the effects of therapeutic agents applied in OA cases. The activities of the most important antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS), in blood of the knee OA patients were studied, with the aim of clarifying which enzymatic antioxidants are involved into osteoarthritis (OA)-related oxidative stress and whether any compensatory effects occur. The results were additionally analyzed with regard to gender. Methods: Whole blood SOD (U/mL), plasma GPx (U/L) and CAT (U/mL) activities as well as plasma TAS (mmol/L)) in knee OA patients were investigated. Sixty-seven patients (49 females and 18 males) with primary knee OA were enrolled. The control comprised 21 subjects (10 females and 11 males) free of osteoarthritis or inflammation. Results: TAS was decreased in OA subjects (4.39 ± 0.53 vs. 4.70 ± 0.60), with this effect being more significant in OA females (4.31 ± 0.51 vs. 5.02 ± 0.54). GPx was depressed in all OA patients (518 ± 176 vs. 675 ± 149). In both genders, GPx was decreased, significantly in males (482 ± 185 vs. 715 ± 105). SOD was decreased in all OA patients (109 ± 32 vs. 127 ± 42). CAT showed no difference in all OA subjects vs. control, while in OA females it was depleted (20.2 (11.6–31.6) vs. 38.5 (27.9–46.6)) and in OA men it increased (26.9 (23.3–46.5) vs. 14.0 (7.0–18.6)). Conclusions: The obtained results suggest that in men some compensatory mechanisms towards OA-related oxidative stress occurred. Based on the obtained data, the introduction of antioxidant supplements into OA therapy could be suggested with further research concerning the choice of agents.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Peganum harmala Seeds in Diabetic Rats

Cholesterol ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Mohammad Hashemi ◽  
Mohsen Bameri-Niafar
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Different Doses

The present study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic properties of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. In an experimental study, 64 normal Wistar albino male rats (200–230 g) were randomly divided into 8 groups. Control and diabetic rats were treated with normal saline and three different doses (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) of hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds for 4 weeks orally. At the end of treatment, blood samples were taken and glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TCA), ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were determined. STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant changes in the values of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, MDA, TAC, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C in comparison with normal rats. Administration of the extract to diabetic rats resulted in a remarkable decrease in glucose, lipid profiles, MDA, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin, and HbA1C levels and increase in TAC relative to diabetic group. The results of this study indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds possesses antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities and could be useful in treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Effects of Namya Kanom Jeen powder extract on hypoglycemic and anti-oxidant properties in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Preeya Dat-arun ◽  
Rattana Leelawattana ◽  
Pavinee Chinachoti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health care problem worldwide.  Major intervention control of DM is by using medical treatments and dietetic therapy.  Spices and herbs have been known to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-diabetic properties. Southern Thai foods known to contain phytochemicals in large amount, have been demonstrated to exhibit such properties and Namya Kanom Jeen (NKJ), a Southern Thai soup, shown to be most promising.  Here, we studied the effect of NKJ water extracts on hypoglycemic and anti-oxidant properties in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Methods: This study aimed to assess the effect of NKJ water extract on blood glucose, insulin, malondialdehyde (MDA), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in Alloxan-induced diabetic (DM) rats for 3 weeks.Results: In Alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the NKJ water soluble extracts at 200, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight doses (n=7) significantly lowered blood glucose, insulin, MDA, HOMA-IR levels compared to diabetic control (Metformin, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In summary, feeding of NKJ aqueous extract effectively lowered baseline blood glucose, insulin, MDA and HOMA-IR in diabetic rats.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Anti-oxidant; Glycemic; Insulin resistance; HOMA-IR, Namya Kanom Jeen powder 

Metformin protects against diabetes–induced heart injury and dunning prostate cancer model

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712094745
Author(s):  
BB Bayrak ◽  
P Koroglu ◽  
O Karabulut Bulan ◽  
R Yanardag
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant

In this study, both diabetes and Dunning prostate cancer were induced for the first time in Copenhagen rats in vivo. Thus, the effects of metformin against heart tissue damage of these rats were investigated by biochemical methods. Dunning prostate cancer was induced in Copenhagen rats using high metastatic MAT-LyLu cells. The rats were divided as follows: Control group: only injected with 0.9% NaCl for 14 days; Diabetic group: only injected single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg); Cancer group: subcutaneously (s.c) inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells only; Diabetic + cancer (DC) group: inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells and STZ injection, Cancer + metformin (CM) group: injected with metformin for 14 days after Mat-LyLu cells application; Diabetic + cancer + metformin (DCM) group: metformin administered for 14 days together with STZ and Mat-LyLu cells. At the end of the experimental period, heart tissues were taken. Reduced glutathione and total antioxidant status levels in heart tissues were decreased, whereas lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidized protein products, nitric oxide, homocysteine, and reactive oxygen species levels, total oxidant status and catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activities increased in the diabetic, cancer and DC groups. Treatment with metformin reversed these effects. In conclusion, the present study shows that metformin has a protective effect against heart tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats with Dunning prostate cancer.

Repeated acetaminophen dosing in rats: adaptation of hepatic antioxidant system

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J O'Brien ◽  
M R Slaughter ◽  
A Swain ◽  
J M Birmingham ◽  
R W Greenhill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Repeated Dosing ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Repeated dosing of acetaminophen (paracetamol) to rats is reported to decrease their sensitivity to its hepatotoxic effects, which are associated with oxidative stress and glutathione depletion. We determined if repeated acetaminophen dosing produced adaptive response of key antioxidant system enzymes. Male rats (Sprague-Dawley, 10 weeks) were given 800, 1200, or 1600 mg/kg/day acetaminophen by oral gavage for 4 days. Liver was assayed for oxidative stress and antioxidant markers: malondialdehyde (MDA), thiobar-bituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alanine transaminase (ALT) as a marker of hepatocellular injury. Acetaminophen at 1200/1600 mg/kg decreased GSH 26/47%, GPx 21/26%, CAT 35/28%, SOD 21/12%; and TAS 28/18% (correlated with CAT, r=0.91; SOD, r=0.66; GPx, r = 0.45). Despite antioxidant deficiencies, and no TBARS change, MDA decreased 26%/33%/37% at 800/1200/1600 mg/kg, which correlated with increased GR (61%/62%/76%, r = 0.77) and G6PD (130%/110%/190%, r = 0.78). Both MDA (r = 0.68) and G6PD (r = 0.71) correlated with hepatic ALT, which decreased 27%o/43%/48%, respectively. Resistance to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity produced by repeated exposure is partially attributable to upregulation of hepatic G6PD and GR activity as an adaptive and protective response to oxidative stress and glutathione depletion.

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