scholarly journals Antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities of Scorzonera cinerea radical leaves in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Temiz
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Random Groups ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Abstract Scorzonera species are used for treating various diseases. They are consumed raw, especially in the spring, and have nutritious and dietetic values. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of ethanolic extracts of Scorzonera cinerea (Sc) radical leaves in diabetes mellitus. Five random groups of Wistar rats (n = 8) were created – control, diabetic, acarbose, Sc-Dried, and Sc-Frozen. Phenolic profiles of extracts were determined by HPLC. Free radical scavenging capacity was measured using DPPH and ABTS tests. The inhibitory effects of Sc extracts on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities were also evaluated. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) concentration, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were analyzed in the liver tissues. While dried Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-amylase inhibitory activity, frozen Scorzonera extract was more effective in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen extracts lowered blood glucose and HbA1c levels, they also increased insulin. Although liver MDA and TOS were significantly increased in the diabetic group, their values were significantly lower in the Sc-Dried- and Sc-Frozen-treated groups. GSH, TAS, and anti-oxidant enzyme activities decreased in the diabetic group, but Sc-Dried and Sc-Frozen supplements significantly enhanced liver antioxidant values. In conclusion, S. cinerea treatment exerts potential hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects in diabetes. Thus, it can be considered as a candidate dietary supplement for health benefits in diabetes.

Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Effects of Honey Supplementation in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erejuwa O. Omotayo ◽  
Sunil Gurtu ◽  
Siti Amrah Sulaiman ◽  
Mohd Suhaimi Ab Wahab ◽  
Sirajudeen K.N.S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Matrix Expansion ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Objectives: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic complications. The aims of this study were to investigate whether honey could reduce hyperglycemia and ameliorate oxidative stress in kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg; i. p.). Diabetic rats were randomly grouped and administered distilled water (0.5 mL/day) and honey (0.2 g/kg/day, 1.2 g/kg/day and 2.4 g/kg/day) by oral gavage for four weeks. Each group consisted of six rats. Results: Total antioxidant status (TAS), activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly reduced, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was up-regulated in kidneys of diabetic rats. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were significantly elevated while body weight was reduced in diabetic rats. Honey significantly increased body weight, TAS, activities of CAT, GPx, GR, and GST in diabetic rats. It significantly restored SOD activity, and reduced FPG and TBARS levels in diabetic rats. Histopathological examinations of the kidneys revealed that mesangial matrix expansion and thickening of glomerular basement membrane were reduced in the honey-treated diabetic rats. Conclusions: Honey exerts a hypoglycemic effect and ameliorates oxidative stress in kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Evidence of Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-oxidant Effect of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa (Sims.) in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash PANCHANATHAN ◽  
Jayanthi RAJENDRAN
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide problem and has no distinct cure. The present study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic, antioxidant and antilipidemic effects of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa extract (PefEt) against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. A total of forty wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 male rats/group) as control; control+PefEt; diabetic and diabetic + PefEt. Streptozotocin was administered as a single dose (50 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. The effect of Passiflora edulis flavicarpa (PefEt-250 mg/kg bodyweight for four weeks) on diabetic rats was investigated by evaluating various biochemical parameters. The levels of blood glucose, C-peptide, insulin; enzymatic antioxidants, total antioxidant status, oxidative markers (Malondialdehyde and Urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine) and lipid profile were measured. Levels of glucose, MDA and urinary 8-OHdG were significantly decreased, while levels of antioxidants, C-peptide and insulin were significantly increased on administration of PefEt in the STZ-induced rats when compared to control groups. Therefore, it could be concluded that PefEt must be considered as an excellent herb for future studies on diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic Potential Properties of Two Edible Omani Wild Plants (Pteropyrum scoparium and Oxalis corniculata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Iman R. S. Al-Qalhati ◽  
Mostafa Ibrahim Waly ◽  
Lyutha Al-Subhi ◽  
Zahir Al-Attabi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background:The use of plant for medicinal purposes has a long history worldwide.  There is a lack of research that identifies the antidiabetic effect of edible Omani wild plants. Oxidative stress mediates the pathogenesis of diabetes and it has been suggested that natural antioxidants might be considered as an effective intervention for combating diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to assess the anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential properties of two edible Omani wild plants (Pteropyrum scoparium and Oxalis corniculata) or their mixture in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty-seven male Sprague Dawley rats, weighting 250–300 grams, were allocated into 5 groups: non-diabetic (9 rats/group), diabetic group (7 rats/group), and three diabetic groups that received oral feeding of either Pteropyrum scoparium, Oxalis corniculata, or their mixture (7 rats/group). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection dose of STZ drug, 50 mg/kg body weight. At the end of the experimental trial, after 8 weeks, all rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed; blood glucose was measured, meanwhile pancreatic tissues were dissected and homogenized for the biochemical assessment of oxidative stress markers (glutathione, GSH, and total antioxidant capacity, TAC). Results: STZ resulted in hyperglycemia and oxidative stress (GSH depletion and TAC impairment) in diabetic group as compared to non-diabetic group. Meanwhile the concomitant treatment of diabetic groups with the two wild the edible Omani plants or their mixture have shown a protective effect against the STZ-induced hyperglycemia, but with no effect on oxidative stress. It was noted that for the final boy weight, the improvement was not significant as well. Histopathological examination of the pancreatic tissues showed that the STZ injection lead to pathological changes associated with diabetes in the pancreatic tissues of all diabetic groups. Conclusion:  Pteropyrum scoparium and Oxalis corniculata combated the STZ-induced hyperglycemia with no effect on oxidative stress. Also, there was no synergistic effect of Pteropyrum scoparium and Oxalis corniculata on hyperglycemia or oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potentials of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn Stapf Twigs in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Marcella Tari Joshua ◽  
Edna O. Wachuku ◽  
N. Boisa ◽  
Nsirim Nduka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Oxidant Status ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant effects of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf. Twigs in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Study Design: The study is an experimental case-controlled study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between June, 2018 and April, 2019. Methodology: A total of 65 male albino rats that weighed between 150g to 200g were used for this research study. Three different extracted solvents; aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic twig extracts were administered to different groups of the rats. The male albino rats for this study were induced with a single dose of 40mg/kg b.wt, intraperitoneally of streptozotocin in 0.1M of citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The diabetic male rats were those whose fasting blood glucose (FBG) were from 250mg/dl or 13mmol/L and above. They were then divided into different groups and treated with different concentrations of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of the plant material. At the end of treatment period, the rats were kept on fasting for 6 hours prior to the process of euthanasia, they were sacrificed and blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture for analysis into lithium heparin bottle for the estimation of oxidative stress markers, malondaldehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAS). Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad prism (version 6.1) software. Data generated were represented as mean and standard deviations (Mean ±S. D). Level of significant at Tukey’s Multiple Comparative Test was tested at p<0.0001. Charts were made possible with the application of Minitab version 2019. Results: The results showed that there were significant increases in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD, 414.2±1.30) ng/ml, total antioxidant status (TAS, 82.97±7.71) mU/ml, total oxidant status (TOS, 355.02± 14.02) mU/ml activity, a reduced oxidative stress index of 4.29±0.26 and concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA of 18.67± 0.26mmol/L) when rats were treated with 400mg/kg of aqueous leaves of Morus mesozygia Linn. S. When compared with those of rats treated with 200mg/kg of aqueous leaf extracts of MMLS. there was a significant increases and decreases respectively. Other methods of extractions (methanolic and ethanolic), also improved the antioxidant statuses of the diabetes induced and treated rats after treatment of the extracts. Conclusion: The three extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. S showed tremendous antioxidant effects against Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, with the methanolic extract showing the most potent effect.

Metformin protects against diabetes–induced heart injury and dunning prostate cancer model

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712094745
Author(s):  
BB Bayrak ◽  
P Koroglu ◽  
O Karabulut Bulan ◽  
R Yanardag
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant

In this study, both diabetes and Dunning prostate cancer were induced for the first time in Copenhagen rats in vivo. Thus, the effects of metformin against heart tissue damage of these rats were investigated by biochemical methods. Dunning prostate cancer was induced in Copenhagen rats using high metastatic MAT-LyLu cells. The rats were divided as follows: Control group: only injected with 0.9% NaCl for 14 days; Diabetic group: only injected single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg); Cancer group: subcutaneously (s.c) inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells only; Diabetic + cancer (DC) group: inoculated with 2 x 104 MAT-LyLu cells and STZ injection, Cancer + metformin (CM) group: injected with metformin for 14 days after Mat-LyLu cells application; Diabetic + cancer + metformin (DCM) group: metformin administered for 14 days together with STZ and Mat-LyLu cells. At the end of the experimental period, heart tissues were taken. Reduced glutathione and total antioxidant status levels in heart tissues were decreased, whereas lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidized protein products, nitric oxide, homocysteine, and reactive oxygen species levels, total oxidant status and catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and xanthine oxidase activities increased in the diabetic, cancer and DC groups. Treatment with metformin reversed these effects. In conclusion, the present study shows that metformin has a protective effect against heart tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats with Dunning prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Comparison of Oxidant/Antioxidant, Detoxification Systems in Various Tissue Homogenates and Mitochondria of Rats with Diabetes Induced by Streptozocin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veysel Kenan Çelık ◽  
Zeynep Deniz Şahın ◽  
İsmail Sari ◽  
Sevtap Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Tissues ◽  
Mitochondrial Fractions ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Tissue Homogenates

Objective. Oxidative stress is considered to be the main factor in the development of diabetic complications and tissue injury. our objective was to investigate and compare the oxidant/antioxidant conditions and detoxification mechanisms of the liver, lung, kidney, cardiac tissues, and mitochondria of rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin (STZ).Methods. Rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin were anesthetized by administering 90 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride and 3 mg/kg xylazine hydrochloride. Thoracic cavities were incised open; liver, lung, kidney, and cardiac tissues were removed and stored at−70°C. All samples were homogenized and mitochondrial fractions were separated. Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Paraoxonase (PON), Arylesterase, Catalase (Cat), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Glutathion-S-transferase were measured in each fraction.Results. MDA and TOS levels were significantly increased in liver tissues, and T OS and OSI were increased in the mitochondrial fractions of diabetic rats. These increases were not statistically significant compared to the control group. No significant differences were determined in the antioxidant and GST activities.Conclusion. According to our results, oxidative stress has not developed in rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin. The detoxification system was induced; however, this induction did not differ significantly from the controls.

scholarly journals Asparagus officinalis extract controls blood glucose by improving insulin secretion and β-cell function in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. 1586-1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Md. Hafizur ◽  
Nurul Kabir ◽  
Sidra Chishti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Β Cell Function

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic mechanism of Asparagus officinalis, a dietary agent used for the management of diabetes. Streptozotocin (90 mg/kg) was injected in 2-d-old Wistar rat pups to induce non-obese type 2 diabetes. After confirmation of diabetes on the 13th week, diabetic rats were treated with a methanolic extract of A. officinalis seeds (250 and 500 mg/kg per d) or glibenclamide for 28 d. After the treatment, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin and total antioxidant status were measured. The pancreas was examined by haematoxylin–eosin staining and immunostained β- and α-cells were observed using a fluorescence microscope. Treatment of the diabetic rats with the A. officinalis extract at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg suppressed the elevated blood glucose in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The 500 mg/kg, but not 250 mg/kg, dose significantly improved serum insulin levels in the diabetic rats. The insulin:glucose ratio was significantly increased at both doses in the A. officinalis-treated rats. Both qualitative and quantitative improvements in β-cell function were found in the islets of the A. officinalis-treated rats. The extract showed potent antioxidant activity in an in vitro assay and also improved the total antioxidant status in vivo. In most cases, the efficacy of A. officinalis (500 mg/kg) was very similar to a standard anti-diabetic drug, glibenclamide. Thus, the present study suggests that A. officinalis extract exerts anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin secretion and β-cell function, as well as the antioxidant status.

Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Cassia occidentalis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srividya ◽  
G. Sridevi ◽  
A. G. Manimegalai
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Cassia Occidentalis ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Anti Oxidant

The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Cassia occidentalis (Co) were subjected to phytochemical analysis by standard qualitative analysis and the invitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by determination of total antioxidant capacity, 1.1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical scavenging activity, superoxide scavenging activity and Ferric reducing anti oxidant potential (FRAP). The analyses revealed that the ethanolic extract of Co was able to efficiently scavenge the free radicals in a dose dependant manner. The results were compared with the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. The results have shown that crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of Co showed excellent antioxidant activity due to the presence of bioactive compounds namely alkaloids, betacyanin, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, anthraquinones and emodins.

scholarly journals Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Portulaca oleracea in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
Abasalt Borji ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea against hyperglycemic, oxidative damage and inflammation in the serum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In the present study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, 3 Portulaca oleracea (100, 200, 400 mg/kg/d)–treated diabetic groups. At the end of the 4-week period, glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were measured. STZ caused an elevation in the serum levels of glucose, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α with reduction in the levels of GSH and TAS ( P < .01). Portulaca oleracea ameliorated glucose, MDA, IL-6, TNF-α, GSH, and TAS levels in diabetic groups versus to the untreated groups ( P < .05). Taken together, Portulaca oleracea prevented hyperglycemia by preventing the oxidative stress and inflammation.

Effect of Piperine on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Glimepiride in Normal and Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciddi Veeresham ◽  
Samala Sujatha ◽  
Thatipamula Sandya Rani
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The effect of piperine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glimepiride in normal as well as diabetic rats was studied. In normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats the combination of glimepiride with piperine increased all the pharmacokinetic parameters, such as Cmax, AUC0-n, AUCtotal, t½, and MRT, and decreased the clearance, Vd, markedly as compared with the control group. In pharmacodynamic studies, the combination of glimepiride with piperine provided significant protection against the diabetes induced alterations in the biochemical parameters. In addition, the combination of glimepiride with piperine also improved the total antioxidant status significantly in diabetic rats compared with piperine and glimepiride treated groups. The results revealed that a combination of glimepiride with piperine led to the enhancement of the bioavailability of glimepiride by inhibiting the CYP2C9 enzyme, which suggested that piperine might be beneficial as an adjuvant to glimepiride in a proper dose, in diabetic patients.

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